大穗结缕草Zoysia macrostachya Franch. et Sav.
大穗结缕草Zoysia macrostachya Franch. et Sav.
1. 大穗结缕草（禾本科图说） 图版39: 1-2
Zoysia macrostachya Franch. et Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 608. 1879; Hack. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 642. 1899; Honda in Journ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo sect. lll. Bot. 3: 316. 1930; Ohwi in Acta Phytotax. et Geobot. 10: 270. 1941;中国主要植物图说 禾本科 738. 1959, in obs.; 华东禾本科植物志 225. 图149. 1962; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. (in english) 178. 1965: 江苏植物志 (上册): 233. 图400. 1977 ——Osterdamia macrostachya (Franch. et Sav.) Honda in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 36: 114. 1932. p. p. ——Isachaemum multicum auct. non L.: Hack. ex Mastum. in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 11: 142. 1897.
多年生。具横走根茎；直立部分高10-20厘米，具多节，基部节上常残存枯萎的叶鞘；节间短，每节具1至数个分枝。叶鞘无毛，下部者松弛而互相跨覆，上部者紧密裹茎；叶舌不明显，鞘口具长柔毛；叶片线状披针形，质地较硬，常内卷，长1.5-4厘米，宽1-4毫米。总状花序紧缩呈穗状，基部常包藏于叶鞘内，长3-4厘米，宽5-10毫米，穗轴具稜，小穗柄粗短，顶端扁宽而倾斜，具细柔毛；小穗黄褐色或略带紫褐色，长6-8毫米，宽约2毫米；第一颖退化，第二颖革质，长6-8毫米，具不明显的7脉，中脉近顶端处与颖离生而成芒状小尖头；外稃膜质，具1脉，长约4毫米；内稃退化；雄蕊3枚，花药长约2.5毫米；花柱2，柱头帚状。颖果卵状椭圆形，长约2毫米。花果期6-9月。
产山东、江苏、安徽、浙江；生于山坡或平地的沙质土壤或海滨沙地上。日本也有分布。模式标本采自日本。
本种植株强健，耐盐碱，可用作保上、护堤、固沙或铺建草坪。
它和中华结缕草（Z. sinica Hance）很相似，在小穗的大小和长度上常有过渡类型，但本种小穗一般较长且宽，小穗柄的顶端宽而倾斜，且具细柔毛，花序基部常为叶鞘所包藏，可以区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Zoysia macrostachya Franchet & Savatier
大穗结缕草 da sui jie lü cao
Perennial, loosely spreading from extensive, deep, slender rhizomes. Culms erect or ascending, 10–20 cm tall, much branched at ground level, many-noded. Leaf sheaths overlapping over whole culm length, glabrous, bearded at mouth with 2–3 mm hairs; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, stiff, patent, margins involute, 1.5–8 cm, 2–4 mm wide, abaxial surface glabrous or puberulous, adaxial surface glaucous, glabrous, apex pungent. Inflorescence lanceolate-oblong, 3–5 × 0.5–1 cm, base enclosed in inflated uppermost leaf sheaths; spikelets many, closely overlapping; pedicels stout, 1–2 mm, apex slightly oblique. Spikelets 6–8 × ca. 2 mm, yellowish, brown or purplish brown; lower glume absent; upper glume elliptic-oblong, obscurely 7-veined, minutely puberulent along margins and near apex, apex acute or with subapical awn to 1.2 mm; lemma lanceolate, ca. 4 mm, 1-veined; palea absent. Anthers 2–2.5 mm. Caryopsis 1.8–2 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Sep. 2n = 40.
Coastal sands extending to grazed or trodden places inland. Anhui, Fujian, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
This species is used as a lawn grass.
别名：江茅草;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：结缕草属 Zoysia
1. 大穗结缕草（禾本科图说） 图版39: 1-2
Zoysia macrostachya Franch. et Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 608. 1879; Hack. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 642. 1899; Honda in Journ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo sect. lll. Bot. 3: 316. 1930; Ohwi in Acta Phytotax. et Geobot. 10: 270. 1941;中国主要植物图说 禾本科 738. 1959, in obs.; 华东禾本科植物志 225. 图149. 1962; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. (in english) 178. 1965: 江苏植物志 (上册): 233. 图400. 1977 ——Osterdamia macrostachya (Franch. et Sav.) Honda in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 36: 114. 1932. p. p. ——Isachaemum multicum auct. non L.: Hack. ex Mastum. in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 11: 142. 1897.
多年生。具横走根茎；直立部分高10-20厘米，具多节，基部节上常残存枯萎的叶鞘；节间短，每节具1至数个分枝。叶鞘无毛，下部者松弛而互相跨覆，上部者紧密裹茎；叶舌不明显，鞘口具长柔毛；叶片线状披针形，质地较硬，常内卷，长1.5-4厘米，宽1-4毫米。总状花序紧缩呈穗状，基部常包藏于叶鞘内，长3-4厘米，宽5-10毫米，穗轴具稜，小穗柄粗短，顶端扁宽而倾斜，具细柔毛；小穗黄褐色或略带紫褐色，长6-8毫米，宽约2毫米；第一颖退化，第二颖革质，长6-8毫米，具不明显的7脉，中脉近顶端处与颖离生而成芒状小尖头；外稃膜质，具1脉，长约4毫米；内稃退化；雄蕊3枚，花药长约2.5毫米；花柱2，柱头帚状。颖果卵状椭圆形，长约2毫米。花果期6-9月。
产山东、江苏、安徽、浙江；生于山坡或平地的沙质土壤或海滨沙地上。日本也有分布。模式标本采自日本。
本种植株强健，耐盐碱，可用作保上、护堤、固沙或铺建草坪。
它和中华结缕草（Z. sinica Hance）很相似，在小穗的大小和长度上常有过渡类型，但本种小穗一般较长且宽，小穗柄的顶端宽而倾斜，且具细柔毛，花序基部常为叶鞘所包藏，可以区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Zoysia macrostachya Franchet & Savatier
大穗结缕草 da sui jie lü cao
Perennial, loosely spreading from extensive, deep, slender rhizomes. Culms erect or ascending, 10–20 cm tall, much branched at ground level, many-noded. Leaf sheaths overlapping over whole culm length, glabrous, bearded at mouth with 2–3 mm hairs; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, stiff, patent, margins involute, 1.5–8 cm, 2–4 mm wide, abaxial surface glabrous or puberulous, adaxial surface glaucous, glabrous, apex pungent. Inflorescence lanceolate-oblong, 3–5 × 0.5–1 cm, base enclosed in inflated uppermost leaf sheaths; spikelets many, closely overlapping; pedicels stout, 1–2 mm, apex slightly oblique. Spikelets 6–8 × ca. 2 mm, yellowish, brown or purplish brown; lower glume absent; upper glume elliptic-oblong, obscurely 7-veined, minutely puberulent along margins and near apex, apex acute or with subapical awn to 1.2 mm; lemma lanceolate, ca. 4 mm, 1-veined; palea absent. Anthers 2–2.5 mm. Caryopsis 1.8–2 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Sep. 2n = 40.
Coastal sands extending to grazed or trodden places inland. Anhui, Fujian, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
This species is used as a lawn grass.