香根草Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Vach

别名：岩兰草（通称

科名：禾本科 Gramineae

属名：香根草属 Vetiveria

《中国植物志》第10(2)卷132页
  1. 香根草（海南植物志）岩兰草（通称）图版31；76：1
  Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash in Small, Fl. South-East U. 8. 67. 1903; E. G. Camus et A. Camus in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 7: 326. 1922; Hitchc. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 7: 248. 1931, et Man. Grass. U. S. 772. f. 1175. 1951; H. B. Gill. et al. Fl. Malaya 3: 232. 1971; Bor, Grass. Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 258. 1960; 海南植物志4: 471. 1977.——Phalaris zizanioides Linn. Mant. Pl. 2: 183. 1771. ——Vetiroeria odoratissima Bory in Lem. -Lisanc. in Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris 1822: 43. 1822.
  多年生粗壮草本。须根含挥发性浓郁的香气。秆丛生，高1-2.5米，直径约5毫米，中空。叶鞘无毛，具背脊；叶舌短，长约0.5毫米，边缘具纤毛；叶片线形，直伸，扁平，下部对折，与叶鞘相连而无明显的界线，长30-70厘米，宽5-10毫米，无毛，边缘粗糙，顶生叶片较小。圆锥花序大型顶生，长20-30厘米；主轴粗壮，各节具多数轮生的分枝，分枝细长上举，长10-20厘米，下部长裸露；总状花序轴节间与小穗柄无毛；无柄小穗线状披针形，长4-5毫米，基盘无毛；第一颖革质，背部圆形，边缘稍内折，近两侧压扁，5脉不明显，疏生纵行疣基刺毛；第二颖脊上粗糙或具刺毛；第一外稃边缘具丝状毛；第二外稃较短，具1脉，顶端2裂齿间伸出一小尖头；鳞被2，顶端截平，具多脉；雄蕊3，柱头帚状，花期自小穗两侧伸出。有柄小穗背部扁平，等长或稍短于无柄小穗。染色体2n＝20 (Christopher，1978)。花果期8-10月。
  江苏、浙江、福建、台湾、广东、海南及四川均有引种，栽培于平原、丘陵和山坡；喜生水湿溪流旁和疏松粘壤土上。热带非洲至印度、斯里兰卡、泰国、缅甸、印度尼西亚爪哇、马来西亚一带广泛种植。模式标本采自印度。
  须根含香精油，油浓褐色，稠性大，紫罗兰香型，挥发性低，用作定香剂。幼叶是良好饲料。茎秆可作造纸原料。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Chrysopogon zizanioides  (Linnaeus) Roberty
香根草   xiang gen cao
Phalaris zizanioides Linnaeus, Mant. Pl. 2: 183. 1771; Vetiveria zizanioides (Linnaeus) Nash.
Tussocky perennial; roots stout, aromatic. Culms robust, 1–2.5 m tall, ca. 5 mm in diam. Leaf sheaths glabrous, lower sharply keeled and imbricate in fanlike clusters; leaf blades linear, pale green, stiff, 30–90 × 0.5–1 cm, pilose on adaxial surface toward base, otherwise glabrous; ligule a scarious rim. Panicle oblong in outline, 20–30 cm, usually contracted, purplish; branches numerous, lowermost 5–20 cm, bare at base, smooth or slightly scaberulous; racemes slender, with 5–13 spikelet pairs and a terminal triad; internodes and pedicels slightly scabrid. Sessile spikelet linear-lanceolate to almost linear, 4–5 mm; callus rounded, subglabrous; lower glume muricate, 3–5-veined, veins spinulosely aculeate, apex acute; upper glume spinulosely aculeate on keel, not awned; upper lemma slightly 2-toothed, awnless or mucronate; mucro 0–2 mm, not exserted. Pedicelled spikelet staminate, sparingly aculeolate or almost smooth. Fl. and fr. Aug–Oct. 2n = 20.
Commonly cultivated. Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan (Xixhuangbanna), Zhejiang [native to India; cultivated elsewhere].
This species (Vetiver Grass) is said to have originated in India, but is now distributed throughout warm parts of the Old World and introduced into the S United States and West Indies. It has long been cultivated for the oil extracted from the aromatic roots, which is used in perfumery. More recently, its potential as a soil binder to prevent erosion has been recognized. It is planted in hedges for this purpose, particularly along the contours of sloping ground. The deep, non-invasive root system holds the plants firm, while the stiff, dense leaves trap soil and prevent it being washed away. It is also used as a forage grass.