类黍尾稃草Urochloa panicoides Beauv.
类黍尾稃草Urochloa panicoides Beauv.
4. 类黍尾稃草（拟）图版82：1-6
Urochloa panicoides Beauv. Ess. Agrost. 53. t. 11. f. 1. 1812: Bor, Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 372. 1960. ——Panicum controversum Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 60. 1854.——Panicum urochloa Desv. Opusc. 82. 1831. ——Panicum panicoides (Beauv. ) Hitchc. in Journ. Acad. Sci. Wash. 9: 551. 1919. ——Urochloa jinshaicola B. S. Sun et Z. H. Hu in Acta Bot. Yunnan 4 (2): 143. f. 1982, sys. nov.
一年生草本。秆高20-80厘米，直立或近基部倾斜，节上有柔毛。叶鞘松弛，被疣基硬毛，边缘一侧密被纤毛；叶舌退化成长1.5-2毫米纤毛；叶片线状披针形至卵伏披针形，长5-15厘米，宽0.5-1.5厘米，两面疏生疣基刺毛，先端渐尖，边缘粗糙而皱折，被毛。圆锥花序由3-10枚总状花序组成；总状花序长3-6厘米；主轴及穗轴呈三棱形，具粗刺；小穗卵状椭圆形，长4-5毫米，无毛，单生或基部孪生；柄长约1.5毫米，被疣基长刺毛；第一颖卵状，长为小穗的1/4-1/3，具3-5脉，脉在顶端有横脉互相汇合，第二颖与小穗等长，具5-7脉，脉向顶端汇合；第一小花雄性或中性，其外稃与第二颖同形同质，具5-7脉，内稃膜质，几等于第一外稃；第二外稃稍短于小穗，表面具横细皱纹，顶端具0.4-1毫米的小尖头，边缘内卷，包着同质的内稃；鳞被2，膜质，折叠，具细脉纹。花果期9-10月。
产四川、云南；生于草地及湖边潮湿地，分布于印度、热带非洲东部及南部。模式标本采自印度。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Urochloa panicoides P. Beauvois
类黍尾稃草 lei shu wei fu cao
Panicum panicoides (P. Beauvois) Hitchcock; Urochloa jinshaicola B. S. Sun & Z. H. Hu; U. longifolia B. S. Sun & Z. H. Hu; U. longifolia var. yuanmuensis (B. S. Sun & Z. H. Hu) S. L. Chen & Y. X. Jin; U. yuanmuensis B. S. Sun & Z. H. Hu.
Annual. Culms loosely tufted, geniculately ascending, 20–80 cm tall, nodes bearded. Leaf sheaths loose, with tubercle-based setae, one margin densely ciliate; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, 5–15(–20) × 0.5–1.5 cm, glabrous to thinly pilose, margins pectinate-ciliate at least toward amplexicaul base, apex acuminate; ligule 1.5–2 mm. Inflorescence axis 3–6 cm; racemes 3–10, 2–6 cm, stiff, diverging; rachis flattened, setose mainly from the short stout pedicels; spikelets usually borne singly or in pairs at base, occasionally mostly paired, overlapping by ca. 1/3 their length. Spikelets ovate-elliptic, 4–5 mm, glabrous or pubescent, cuspidate; lower glume ovate,1/4–1/3 spikelet length, 3–5-veined, obtuse; upper glume 5–9-veined with evident cross veins; upper lemma rugose, mucro 0.4–1 mm. Fl. and fr. Sep–Oct.
Moist grasslands, lakesides. Sichuan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India; E and S Africa].
Urochloa setigera can be confused with forms of U. panicoides with pubescent, paired spikelets, especially when the base is missing. Urochloa panicoides has less abruptly cuspidate spikelets, a more coarsely rugose fertile floret, and a much longer mucro on the upper lemma.
别名：panic liverseed grass;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：尾稃草属 Urochloa
4. 类黍尾稃草（拟）图版82：1-6
Urochloa panicoides Beauv. Ess. Agrost. 53. t. 11. f. 1. 1812: Bor, Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 372. 1960. ——Panicum controversum Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 60. 1854.——Panicum urochloa Desv. Opusc. 82. 1831. ——Panicum panicoides (Beauv. ) Hitchc. in Journ. Acad. Sci. Wash. 9: 551. 1919. ——Urochloa jinshaicola B. S. Sun et Z. H. Hu in Acta Bot. Yunnan 4 (2): 143. f. 1982, sys. nov.
一年生草本。秆高20-80厘米，直立或近基部倾斜，节上有柔毛。叶鞘松弛，被疣基硬毛，边缘一侧密被纤毛；叶舌退化成长1.5-2毫米纤毛；叶片线状披针形至卵伏披针形，长5-15厘米，宽0.5-1.5厘米，两面疏生疣基刺毛，先端渐尖，边缘粗糙而皱折，被毛。圆锥花序由3-10枚总状花序组成；总状花序长3-6厘米；主轴及穗轴呈三棱形，具粗刺；小穗卵状椭圆形，长4-5毫米，无毛，单生或基部孪生；柄长约1.5毫米，被疣基长刺毛；第一颖卵状，长为小穗的1/4-1/3，具3-5脉，脉在顶端有横脉互相汇合，第二颖与小穗等长，具5-7脉，脉向顶端汇合；第一小花雄性或中性，其外稃与第二颖同形同质，具5-7脉，内稃膜质，几等于第一外稃；第二外稃稍短于小穗，表面具横细皱纹，顶端具0.4-1毫米的小尖头，边缘内卷，包着同质的内稃；鳞被2，膜质，折叠，具细脉纹。花果期9-10月。
产四川、云南；生于草地及湖边潮湿地，分布于印度、热带非洲东部及南部。模式标本采自印度。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Urochloa panicoides P. Beauvois
类黍尾稃草 lei shu wei fu cao
Panicum panicoides (P. Beauvois) Hitchcock; Urochloa jinshaicola B. S. Sun & Z. H. Hu; U. longifolia B. S. Sun & Z. H. Hu; U. longifolia var. yuanmuensis (B. S. Sun & Z. H. Hu) S. L. Chen & Y. X. Jin; U. yuanmuensis B. S. Sun & Z. H. Hu.
Annual. Culms loosely tufted, geniculately ascending, 20–80 cm tall, nodes bearded. Leaf sheaths loose, with tubercle-based setae, one margin densely ciliate; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, 5–15(–20) × 0.5–1.5 cm, glabrous to thinly pilose, margins pectinate-ciliate at least toward amplexicaul base, apex acuminate; ligule 1.5–2 mm. Inflorescence axis 3–6 cm; racemes 3–10, 2–6 cm, stiff, diverging; rachis flattened, setose mainly from the short stout pedicels; spikelets usually borne singly or in pairs at base, occasionally mostly paired, overlapping by ca. 1/3 their length. Spikelets ovate-elliptic, 4–5 mm, glabrous or pubescent, cuspidate; lower glume ovate,1/4–1/3 spikelet length, 3–5-veined, obtuse; upper glume 5–9-veined with evident cross veins; upper lemma rugose, mucro 0.4–1 mm. Fl. and fr. Sep–Oct.
Moist grasslands, lakesides. Sichuan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India; E and S Africa].
Urochloa setigera can be confused with forms of U. panicoides with pubescent, paired spikelets, especially when the base is missing. Urochloa panicoides has less abruptly cuspidate spikelets, a more coarsely rugose fertile floret, and a much longer mucro on the upper lemma.