囊颖草Sacciolepis indica (Linn.) A. Chase
囊颖草Sacciolepis indica (Linn.) A. Chase
1．囊颖草（植物分类学报2卷2期）滑草（植物学大辞典），长穗稗（岭南科学杂志）图版68：1-7
Sacciolepis indica (L.) A. Chase in Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21: 8. 1908: Hi-Etchc. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 7: 221. 1931;广州植物志808. 1956: 中国主要植物图说 禾禾科662. 图603. 1959; Bor, Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 357. 1960; 华东禾本科植物志185. 图122. 1962; 台湾的禾草609. 图199. 1975; 台湾植物志5: 597. 1978;中国高等植物图鉴5: 161. 图7151. 1976;江苏植物志 (上册): 218. 图372. 1977; 海南植物志4. 410. 1977——Aira spicata L. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. 63. 1753.——Panicum in dicum auct. non Mill. 1768: L. Mant. Pl. 2: 184. 1771. ——Panicum conglomeralumn L. Mant. Pl. 2:184. 1771. ——Panicum microstachyum Lam. Tab. Encycl. Meth. Bot. 1: 170. 1791. ——Panicum myuros Lam. l. c. 172 per errorern "myruos". ——Panicum arcuatum R. Br. Prodr. 189. 1810. ——Panicum phalarioides Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. 2:452. 1817.——Panicum conaraclum Wight et Arn. ex Nees in Linnaea 10: Litt. -Ber. 117. 1836. ——Panicum angustum Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. t. 334. 1836.——Hymenachne indica Buse in Miq. pl. Jungh. 377. 1854. ——Sacciolepis spicata (L. ) Honda in Journ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo Sect. III. Bot. 3:261. 1930.——Sacciolepis indica var. angusla (Trin.) Keng, 中国主要禾本科植物属种检索表220. 1957.
一年生草本，通常丛生。秆基常膝曲，高20-100厘米，有时下部节上生根。叶鞘具棱脊，短于节间，常松弛；叶舌膜质，长0.2-0.5毫米，顶端被短纤毛；叶片线形，长5-20厘米，宽2-5毫米，基部较窄，无毛或被毛。圆锥花序紧缩成圆筒状，长1-16厘米（或更长），宽3-5毫米，向两端渐狭或下部渐狭，主轴无毛，具棱，分枝短；小穗卵状披针形，向顶渐尖而弯曲，绿色或染以紫色，长2-2.5毫米，无毛或被疣基毛；第一颖为小穗长的1/3-2/3，通常具3脉，基部包裹小穗，第二颖背部囊状，与小穗等长，具明显的7-11脉，通常9脉；第一外稃等长于第二颖，通常9脉；第一内稃退化或短小，透明膜质；第二外稃平滑而光亮，长约为小穗的1/2，边缘包着较其小而同质的内稃；鳞被2，阔楔形，折叠，具3脉；花柱基分离。颖果椭圆形，长约0.8毫米，宽约0.4毫米。染色体2n=18。花果期7-11月。
产华东、华南、西南、中南各省区；多生于湿地或淡水中，常见于稻田边、林下等地。印度至日本及大洋洲也有分布。模式标本采自印度。
本种外形常因环境而有变异，有些学者曾以植株纤细，穗状花序长、短，小穗有无疣毛等分出一些种下等级，实无必要。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Sacciolepis indica (Linnaeus) Chase
囊颖草 nang ying cao
Aira indica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 63 ["spicata"], errata [1231, "indicum"]. 1753; Panicum angustum Trinius; Saccio-lepis angusta (Trinius) Stapf; S. spicata Honda ex Masamune, nom. illeg. superfl.
Annual. Culms slender, weakly ascending from a branching, decumbent base, 20–100 cm tall. Leaf sheaths slightly keeled; leaf blades linear, flat to loosely involute, 5–20 × 0.2–0.5 cm, apex acute; ligule 0.2–0.5 mm. Panicle spikelike, 11–16 × 0.3–0.5 cm, axis glabrous. Spikelets green or purplish green, lanceolate, laterally compressed, 2–2.8 mm, glabrous or papillose-hispid, obtuse; glumes ovate, herbaceous with broad hyaline margins and apex, lower glume 1/3–1/2 spikelet length, 3–7-veined; upper glume 7–11-veined; lower lemma as long as upper glume; palea small and hyaline; upper lemma yellowish, narrowly ovate, 1/2 spikelet length. Fl. and fr. Jul–Nov. 2n = 18.
Moist places, valleys, streams. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Japan, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Australia, Pacific Islands].
The name Aira indica was originally given as "Aira spicata," but this was corrected by Linnaeus in the errata on the final page [1231] of Species Plantarum.
The combination "Sacciolepis indica var. angusta (Trinius) Keng" (Fl. Ill. Pl. Prim. Sin. Gram. 662. 1959) was not validly published because a full and direct reference to the basionym was not provided.
别名：glenwoodgrass;长穗稗;鼠尾黍;滑草;长穗牌;细吓荣;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：囊颖草属 Sacciolepis
1．囊颖草（植物分类学报2卷2期）滑草（植物学大辞典），长穗稗（岭南科学杂志）图版68：1-7
Sacciolepis indica (L.) A. Chase in Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21: 8. 1908: Hi-Etchc. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 7: 221. 1931;广州植物志808. 1956: 中国主要植物图说 禾禾科662. 图603. 1959; Bor, Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 357. 1960; 华东禾本科植物志185. 图122. 1962; 台湾的禾草609. 图199. 1975; 台湾植物志5: 597. 1978;中国高等植物图鉴5: 161. 图7151. 1976;江苏植物志 (上册): 218. 图372. 1977; 海南植物志4. 410. 1977——Aira spicata L. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. 63. 1753.——Panicum in dicum auct. non Mill. 1768: L. Mant. Pl. 2: 184. 1771. ——Panicum conglomeralumn L. Mant. Pl. 2:184. 1771. ——Panicum microstachyum Lam. Tab. Encycl. Meth. Bot. 1: 170. 1791. ——Panicum myuros Lam. l. c. 172 per errorern "myruos". ——Panicum arcuatum R. Br. Prodr. 189. 1810. ——Panicum phalarioides Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. 2:452. 1817.——Panicum conaraclum Wight et Arn. ex Nees in Linnaea 10: Litt. -Ber. 117. 1836. ——Panicum angustum Trin. Sp. Gram. Ic. t. 334. 1836.——Hymenachne indica Buse in Miq. pl. Jungh. 377. 1854. ——Sacciolepis spicata (L. ) Honda in Journ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo Sect. III. Bot. 3:261. 1930.——Sacciolepis indica var. angusla (Trin.) Keng, 中国主要禾本科植物属种检索表220. 1957.
一年生草本，通常丛生。秆基常膝曲，高20-100厘米，有时下部节上生根。叶鞘具棱脊，短于节间，常松弛；叶舌膜质，长0.2-0.5毫米，顶端被短纤毛；叶片线形，长5-20厘米，宽2-5毫米，基部较窄，无毛或被毛。圆锥花序紧缩成圆筒状，长1-16厘米（或更长），宽3-5毫米，向两端渐狭或下部渐狭，主轴无毛，具棱，分枝短；小穗卵状披针形，向顶渐尖而弯曲，绿色或染以紫色，长2-2.5毫米，无毛或被疣基毛；第一颖为小穗长的1/3-2/3，通常具3脉，基部包裹小穗，第二颖背部囊状，与小穗等长，具明显的7-11脉，通常9脉；第一外稃等长于第二颖，通常9脉；第一内稃退化或短小，透明膜质；第二外稃平滑而光亮，长约为小穗的1/2，边缘包着较其小而同质的内稃；鳞被2，阔楔形，折叠，具3脉；花柱基分离。颖果椭圆形，长约0.8毫米，宽约0.4毫米。染色体2n=18。花果期7-11月。
产华东、华南、西南、中南各省区；多生于湿地或淡水中，常见于稻田边、林下等地。印度至日本及大洋洲也有分布。模式标本采自印度。
本种外形常因环境而有变异，有些学者曾以植株纤细，穗状花序长、短，小穗有无疣毛等分出一些种下等级，实无必要。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Sacciolepis indica (Linnaeus) Chase
囊颖草 nang ying cao
Aira indica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 63 ["spicata"], errata [1231, "indicum"]. 1753; Panicum angustum Trinius; Saccio-lepis angusta (Trinius) Stapf; S. spicata Honda ex Masamune, nom. illeg. superfl.
Annual. Culms slender, weakly ascending from a branching, decumbent base, 20–100 cm tall. Leaf sheaths slightly keeled; leaf blades linear, flat to loosely involute, 5–20 × 0.2–0.5 cm, apex acute; ligule 0.2–0.5 mm. Panicle spikelike, 11–16 × 0.3–0.5 cm, axis glabrous. Spikelets green or purplish green, lanceolate, laterally compressed, 2–2.8 mm, glabrous or papillose-hispid, obtuse; glumes ovate, herbaceous with broad hyaline margins and apex, lower glume 1/3–1/2 spikelet length, 3–7-veined; upper glume 7–11-veined; lower lemma as long as upper glume; palea small and hyaline; upper lemma yellowish, narrowly ovate, 1/2 spikelet length. Fl. and fr. Jul–Nov. 2n = 18.
Moist places, valleys, streams. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Japan, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Australia, Pacific Islands].
The name Aira indica was originally given as "Aira spicata," but this was corrected by Linnaeus in the errata on the final page [1231] of Species Plantarum.
The combination "Sacciolepis indica var. angusta (Trinius) Keng" (Fl. Ill. Pl. Prim. Sin. Gram. 662. 1959) was not validly published because a full and direct reference to the basionym was not provided.