甜根子草Saccharum spontaneum Linn.
甜根子草Saccharum spontaneum Linn.
1．甜根子草（亚洲文会会报新22卷）割手密（广东）
Saccharum spontaneum Linn. Mant. Alt. 2: 183. 1771; Kunth, Enum. Pl. 1: 475. 1833; Steud. Syn. Glum. 1: 405. 1855; Hack. in DC. Monogr. Phan. 6:113. 1889; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7: 118. 1897; Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 349. 1904; Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 7: 77. 1918; Honda in Journ. Fac: Sci. Univ. Tokyo (Bot.) 3: 395. 1930;广州植物志831. 1956;中国主要植物图说·禾本科762图705. 1959; Bor, Grass. Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 214. 1960; 西藏植物志5: 316-317. 1987.——Imperata spontanea (Linn.) Beauv. Ess. Agrost. 7. 1812; Beauv. ex Roem. et Schult. Syst. 2: 289. 1817; Hsu in Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 374. 1966; 台湾的禾草751, pl. 276. 1975; 海南植物志4: 451, 图1240-1977; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 187, 图793. 1977; 台湾植物志5: 689. 1978.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Saccharum spontaneum Linnaeus
甜根子草 tian gen zi cao
Imperata spontanea (Linnaeus) P. Beauvois; Saccharum spontaneum var. roxburghii Honda.
Perennial, with long rhizomes. Culms 1–4 m tall, 0.4–1 cm in diam., 5–10-noded, often hollow in center, nodes bearded, softly pilose below inflorescence. Leaf sheaths pilose at mouth and margin, sometimes tuberculate-pilose throughout; leaf blades 60–180 × 0.2–0.8 cm, glaucous, glabrous, margins serrate, tapering to midrib at base, apex long attentuate; ligule brown, 2–8 mm. Panicle 20–40 cm, axis silky pilose; racemes 4–17 cm; rachis internodes 1.5–5 mm, pilose with long silky hairs. Spikelets 3–4 mm; callus hairs 3–4 times length of spikelet; lower glume papery and dark brown below middle at maturity, membranous and pallid above, back glabrous, margins ciliate above, apex acuminate; lower lemma ovate-lanceolate, equal to glumes; upper lemma linear or linear-oblong, awnless. Lodicules ciliate. Anthers 3, 1.5–2 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul–Sep. 2n = 40–128.
Mountain slopes, gravelly river beds, low grassy places, forming colonies; below 2000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Afghanistan, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Turkmenistan, Vietnam; Africa, SW Asia, Australia, Pacific Islands].
There are numerous local strains comprising a complex series of chromosome numbers. This species hybridizes readily with cultivated sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and is used in sugarcane breeding programs. The name S. spontaneum var. juncifolium Hackel (S. juncifo-lium (Hackel) Janaki-Ammal) has been applied to extreme forms with the leaf blades narrowed to the midrib along their whole length.
This species is a good forage grass and an efficient soil binder.
【出处】 始载于《亚洲文会会刊》。
【拼音名】 Tián Gēn Zi Cǎo
【英文名】 Rhizome of Wild Sweetcane
【别名】 割手密
【来源】 药材基源：为禾本科植物甜根子草的根茎及秆。
拉丁植物动物矿物名：Saccharum spontaneum L.
采收和储藏：根茎全年可挖，秆秋季采收，去叶片，切段，通常鲜用。
【原形态】 甜根子草 多年生草本，根茎长。秆高1-4m，节上具银白色长毛，节下有白粉，在花序下有白色柔毛。叶鞘长于节间，除鞘口生柔毛及基部有柔毛外，余均无毛；叶舌钝，长约2mm，具小纤毛；叶片长可达100cm，宽3-6mm，通常无毛。圆锥花序银白色，长20-60cm，分枝细弱上举；无柄小穗长3-4mm，基盘有长为小穗2-3倍的白色丝状柔毛；两颖等长，颖片无毛，下部近草质，上部近膜质，第1颖扁平而有2脊，脊间无脉，第2颖舟形；第1外稃卵状长圆形，先端尖，边缘有纤毛，第2外稃狭窄而稍短，有纤毛，内陆稃不存在。有柄小穗与无柄小穗相似，柄长约3mm。花、果期秋季。
【生境分布】 生态环境：生于河沟边、田边及旷野潮湿处。
资源分布：分布于中南、西南及陕西、福建等地。
【化学成份】 含3，5-二甲氧基-对-羟基苯丙烷（3，5-dimethoxy-p-hydroxy phenylpropane）及多糖（polysaccharide），多糖水解得葡萄糖（glucose），半乳糖（galactose），木糖（xylose），阿拉伯糖（arabinose）和半乳糖醛酸（galacturonic acid）。叶还含过氧化物酶同工酶（isoenzymes of peroxidase）。
【性味】 甘；凉
【功能主治】 清热；止咳；利尿。主感冒发热；口干；咳嗽；热淋；小便不利
【用法用量】 内服：煎汤，15-30g。
【各家论述】 《新华本草纲要》茎汁：味甘、性凉。有清热利水、止渴的功效。用于治疗感冒发热、口干、小便不畅、肾炎、肝炎等症。
【摘录】 《中华本草》
别名：wild sugarcane;甜根斑茅;甜根草;铁芭茅;割手密;班毛花;猴蔗;小芭茅;甜茅;甜根街草;铁巴茅;马儿秆;甜根子;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：甘蔗属 Saccharum
1．甜根子草（亚洲文会会报新22卷）割手密（广东）
Saccharum spontaneum Linn. Mant. Alt. 2: 183. 1771; Kunth, Enum. Pl. 1: 475. 1833; Steud. Syn. Glum. 1: 405. 1855; Hack. in DC. Monogr. Phan. 6:113. 1889; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7: 118. 1897; Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 349. 1904; Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 7: 77. 1918; Honda in Journ. Fac: Sci. Univ. Tokyo (Bot.) 3: 395. 1930;广州植物志831. 1956;中国主要植物图说·禾本科762图705. 1959; Bor, Grass. Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 214. 1960; 西藏植物志5: 316-317. 1987.——Imperata spontanea (Linn.) Beauv. Ess. Agrost. 7. 1812; Beauv. ex Roem. et Schult. Syst. 2: 289. 1817; Hsu in Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 374. 1966; 台湾的禾草751, pl. 276. 1975; 海南植物志4: 451, 图1240-1977; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 187, 图793. 1977; 台湾植物志5: 689. 1978.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Saccharum spontaneum Linnaeus
甜根子草 tian gen zi cao
Imperata spontanea (Linnaeus) P. Beauvois; Saccharum spontaneum var. roxburghii Honda.
Perennial, with long rhizomes. Culms 1–4 m tall, 0.4–1 cm in diam., 5–10-noded, often hollow in center, nodes bearded, softly pilose below inflorescence. Leaf sheaths pilose at mouth and margin, sometimes tuberculate-pilose throughout; leaf blades 60–180 × 0.2–0.8 cm, glaucous, glabrous, margins serrate, tapering to midrib at base, apex long attentuate; ligule brown, 2–8 mm. Panicle 20–40 cm, axis silky pilose; racemes 4–17 cm; rachis internodes 1.5–5 mm, pilose with long silky hairs. Spikelets 3–4 mm; callus hairs 3–4 times length of spikelet; lower glume papery and dark brown below middle at maturity, membranous and pallid above, back glabrous, margins ciliate above, apex acuminate; lower lemma ovate-lanceolate, equal to glumes; upper lemma linear or linear-oblong, awnless. Lodicules ciliate. Anthers 3, 1.5–2 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul–Sep. 2n = 40–128.
Mountain slopes, gravelly river beds, low grassy places, forming colonies; below 2000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Afghanistan, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Turkmenistan, Vietnam; Africa, SW Asia, Australia, Pacific Islands].
There are numerous local strains comprising a complex series of chromosome numbers. This species hybridizes readily with cultivated sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and is used in sugarcane breeding programs. The name S. spontaneum var. juncifolium Hackel (S. juncifo-lium (Hackel) Janaki-Ammal) has been applied to extreme forms with the leaf blades narrowed to the midrib along their whole length.
This species is a good forage grass and an efficient soil binder.
【出处】 始载于《亚洲文会会刊》。
【拼音名】 Tián Gēn Zi Cǎo
【英文名】 Rhizome of Wild Sweetcane
【别名】 割手密
【来源】 药材基源：为禾本科植物甜根子草的根茎及秆。
拉丁植物动物矿物名：Saccharum spontaneum L.
采收和储藏：根茎全年可挖，秆秋季采收，去叶片，切段，通常鲜用。
【原形态】 甜根子草 多年生草本，根茎长。秆高1-4m，节上具银白色长毛，节下有白粉，在花序下有白色柔毛。叶鞘长于节间，除鞘口生柔毛及基部有柔毛外，余均无毛；叶舌钝，长约2mm，具小纤毛；叶片长可达100cm，宽3-6mm，通常无毛。圆锥花序银白色，长20-60cm，分枝细弱上举；无柄小穗长3-4mm，基盘有长为小穗2-3倍的白色丝状柔毛；两颖等长，颖片无毛，下部近草质，上部近膜质，第1颖扁平而有2脊，脊间无脉，第2颖舟形；第1外稃卵状长圆形，先端尖，边缘有纤毛，第2外稃狭窄而稍短，有纤毛，内陆稃不存在。有柄小穗与无柄小穗相似，柄长约3mm。花、果期秋季。
【生境分布】 生态环境：生于河沟边、田边及旷野潮湿处。
资源分布：分布于中南、西南及陕西、福建等地。
【化学成份】 含3，5-二甲氧基-对-羟基苯丙烷（3，5-dimethoxy-p-hydroxy phenylpropane）及多糖（polysaccharide），多糖水解得葡萄糖（glucose），半乳糖（galactose），木糖（xylose），阿拉伯糖（arabinose）和半乳糖醛酸（galacturonic acid）。叶还含过氧化物酶同工酶（isoenzymes of peroxidase）。
【性味】 甘；凉
【功能主治】 清热；止咳；利尿。主感冒发热；口干；咳嗽；热淋；小便不利
【用法用量】 内服：煎汤，15-30g。
【各家论述】 《新华本草纲要》茎汁：味甘、性凉。有清热利水、止渴的功效。用于治疗感冒发热、口干、小便不畅、肾炎、肝炎等症。
【摘录】 《中华本草》