美竹Phyllostachys mannii Gamble
美竹Phyllostachys mannii Gamble
25.美竹（华东禾本科植物志）黄古竹（江苏植物志），红鸡竹（植物研究）图版76：1-4
Phyllostachys mannii Gamble in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 7:28. pl.28. 1896;C. S. Chao et S. A. Renv. in Kew Bull.43:417. 1988.——P. assamica Gamble ex Brandis,Indian Trees 607. 1906.——P. bawa E. G.Camus,Bambus.66.1913.——P. decora McClure in Journ.Arn.Arb.37:182. f. 2.1956. et in Agr. Handb.USDA 114: 29. ff. 18,19,1957;华东禾本科植物志307页.图330. 1962;江苏植物志,上册154页.图237. 1977;云南树木图志下册,1463页,图690. 1991. ——P. helva Wen in Bull. Bot. Res. 2 (1): 64. f. 3. 1982.
竿高8-10米，粗4-6厘米，幼竿鲜绿色，疏生向下的白色毛，无白粉，老竿黄绿色或绿色；节间较长，竿中部者长30-42厘米，竿壁厚3-7毫米；竿环稍隆起，与箨环同高或较之微高。箨鞘革质，硬而脆，背面呈暗紫色至淡紫色，有淡黄色或淡黄绿色条纹，常疏生紫褐色小斑点，通常在较粗大的笋及笋下部的箨鞘（或箨鞘的下半部）以紫色为主，而在细笋及笋上部的箨鞘（或仅在箨鞘的上半部）则以淡黄或绿色为主，上部边缘则呈紫红色，顶端宽，截平或钝圆；箨耳变化极大，从无箨耳或仅有极小的痕迹乃至形大而呈镰形的紫色箨耳，惟仅在较大的箨耳边缘可生紫色长繸毛；箨舌宽短，紫色，截形或常微呈拱形，边缘生短纤毛，背部长出长毛；箨片三角形至三角状带形，直立或上部者开展，近于平直或波状弯曲至微皱曲，淡绿黄色或紫绿色，基部两侧紫色。末级小枝具1或2叶；叶耳小或不明显，鞘口繸毛直立；叶片披针形至带状披针形，长7.5-16厘米，宽1.3-2.2厘米。笋期5月上旬。
本种分布甚广，产我国黄河至长江流域以及西南直到西藏的南部，国外印度也有，1938年由江苏宜兴海会寺引入美国栽培。模式标本采自印度西隆(Shilong) 。
竿的节间长，易劈篾，篾性甚好，宜编织篮、席等用品，也可整竿使用。因出笋多，成林快，是较好的造林竹种。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Phyllostachys mannii Gamble
美竹 mei zhu
Phyllostachys assamica Gamble ex Brandis; P. bawa E. G. Camus; P. decora McClure; P. helva T. H. Wen.
Culms 8–10 m, 4–6 cm in diam.; internodes bright green, not white powdery, becoming yellow-green or green, 30–42 cm in mid-culm, initially sparsely retrorsely white hairy, becoming glabrous; wall 3–7 mm thick; nodal ridge weakly elevated, as prominent as or slightly more prominent than sheath scar. Culm sheaths green or green-purple to purple, with pale yellow or yellow-green stripes, usually with sparse, small, dark spots, distal margins purple, apex broadly truncate or slightly convex; auricles absent to 2, purple, falcate, small to large; oral setae purple; ligule purple, usually slightly arcuate or truncate, relatively short, broad, with longer purple setae, white ciliolate; blade erect or sometimes spreading in upper sheaths, yellow-green or purple-green, triangular to linear-triangular, margins proximally purple, nearly flat to weakly crinkled. Leaves 1 or 2 per ultimate branch; auricles small or obsolete; oral setae erect; blade 7.5–16 × 1.3–2.2 cm. Inflorescence not known. New shoots early May. 2n = 48*.
Cultivated. Guizhou, Henan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Myanmar].
The inclusion of this species in the IUCN Red List seems difficult to justify given the broad distribution.
The culms are split for weaving mats and various articles.
别名：埋欢;火竹;加水竹;白壳淡竹;白皮淡竹;红鸡竹;画眉竹;黄古竹;金竹;水黄连竹;铁壳竹;小金竹;岩金竹;黄苦竹;硬壳竹;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：刚竹属 Phyllostachys
25.美竹（华东禾本科植物志）黄古竹（江苏植物志），红鸡竹（植物研究）图版76：1-4
Phyllostachys mannii Gamble in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 7:28. pl.28. 1896;C. S. Chao et S. A. Renv. in Kew Bull.43:417. 1988.——P. assamica Gamble ex Brandis,Indian Trees 607. 1906.——P. bawa E. G.Camus,Bambus.66.1913.——P. decora McClure in Journ.Arn.Arb.37:182. f. 2.1956. et in Agr. Handb.USDA 114: 29. ff. 18,19,1957;华东禾本科植物志307页.图330. 1962;江苏植物志,上册154页.图237. 1977;云南树木图志下册,1463页,图690. 1991. ——P. helva Wen in Bull. Bot. Res. 2 (1): 64. f. 3. 1982.
竿高8-10米，粗4-6厘米，幼竿鲜绿色，疏生向下的白色毛，无白粉，老竿黄绿色或绿色；节间较长，竿中部者长30-42厘米，竿壁厚3-7毫米；竿环稍隆起，与箨环同高或较之微高。箨鞘革质，硬而脆，背面呈暗紫色至淡紫色，有淡黄色或淡黄绿色条纹，常疏生紫褐色小斑点，通常在较粗大的笋及笋下部的箨鞘（或箨鞘的下半部）以紫色为主，而在细笋及笋上部的箨鞘（或仅在箨鞘的上半部）则以淡黄或绿色为主，上部边缘则呈紫红色，顶端宽，截平或钝圆；箨耳变化极大，从无箨耳或仅有极小的痕迹乃至形大而呈镰形的紫色箨耳，惟仅在较大的箨耳边缘可生紫色长繸毛；箨舌宽短，紫色，截形或常微呈拱形，边缘生短纤毛，背部长出长毛；箨片三角形至三角状带形，直立或上部者开展，近于平直或波状弯曲至微皱曲，淡绿黄色或紫绿色，基部两侧紫色。末级小枝具1或2叶；叶耳小或不明显，鞘口繸毛直立；叶片披针形至带状披针形，长7.5-16厘米，宽1.3-2.2厘米。笋期5月上旬。
本种分布甚广，产我国黄河至长江流域以及西南直到西藏的南部，国外印度也有，1938年由江苏宜兴海会寺引入美国栽培。模式标本采自印度西隆(Shilong) 。
竿的节间长，易劈篾，篾性甚好，宜编织篮、席等用品，也可整竿使用。因出笋多，成林快，是较好的造林竹种。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Phyllostachys mannii Gamble
美竹 mei zhu
Phyllostachys assamica Gamble ex Brandis; P. bawa E. G. Camus; P. decora McClure; P. helva T. H. Wen.
Culms 8–10 m, 4–6 cm in diam.; internodes bright green, not white powdery, becoming yellow-green or green, 30–42 cm in mid-culm, initially sparsely retrorsely white hairy, becoming glabrous; wall 3–7 mm thick; nodal ridge weakly elevated, as prominent as or slightly more prominent than sheath scar. Culm sheaths green or green-purple to purple, with pale yellow or yellow-green stripes, usually with sparse, small, dark spots, distal margins purple, apex broadly truncate or slightly convex; auricles absent to 2, purple, falcate, small to large; oral setae purple; ligule purple, usually slightly arcuate or truncate, relatively short, broad, with longer purple setae, white ciliolate; blade erect or sometimes spreading in upper sheaths, yellow-green or purple-green, triangular to linear-triangular, margins proximally purple, nearly flat to weakly crinkled. Leaves 1 or 2 per ultimate branch; auricles small or obsolete; oral setae erect; blade 7.5–16 × 1.3–2.2 cm. Inflorescence not known. New shoots early May. 2n = 48*.
Cultivated. Guizhou, Henan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Myanmar].
The inclusion of this species in the IUCN Red List seems difficult to justify given the broad distribution.
The culms are split for weaving mats and various articles.