红哺鸡竹Phyllostachys iridescens C. Y. Yao et S. Y. Chen
红哺鸡竹Phyllostachys iridescens C. Y. Yao et S. Y. Chen
15.红哺鸡竹（植物分类学报）红壳竹（江苏植物志）图版72：5-7
Phyllostachys iridescens C. Y. Yao et S. Y. Chen in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 18 (2):170. f. 1. 1980. "iridenscens";江苏植物志,上册156页.1977(tantumin Sinice. descr.);中国竹谱71页.1988.
竿高6-12米，径粗4-7厘米，幼竿被白粉，一、二年生的竿逐渐出现黄绿色纵条纹，老竿则无条纹；中部节间长17-24厘米，壁厚6-7毫米；竿环与箨环中等发达。箨鞘紫红色或淡红褐色，边缘紫褐色，背部密生紫褐色斑点，微被白粉，无毛；无算耳及鞘口繸毛；箨舌宽，拱形或较隆起，紫褐色，边缘有紫红色长纤毛；箨片外翻，平直或略皱曲，带状，绿色，边缘红黄色。末级小枝具3或4叶，无叶耳，鞘口繸毛脱落性，紫色；叶舌紫红色，中等发达；叶片长8-17厘米，宽1.2-2.1厘米，质较薄。花枝呈穗状，长(2.5) 5-6 (8.5)厘米，基部托以3-5片逐渐增大的鳞片状苞片；佛焰苞5-7片，背部具柔毛，鞘口缝毛短，1-3根，缩小叶形小，每片佛焰苞腋内具2或3（-4)枚假小穗。小穗长3-3.5厘米，紫色，披针形，每小穗含小花1-3朵，常仅顶端1朵成熟；小穗轴延伸呈针状，其节间有毛；颖常仅1片或无，披针形；外稃长1.8-2.1厘米，无毛，顶端延伸呈芒状；内稃长1.5-1.8厘米，几无毛或仅顶端有疏生细毛，背部2脊明显或否；鳞被卵状披针形，长2.5-3毫米；花药长约1厘米；柱头3，羽毛状。笋期4月中、下旬，花期4-5月。
产江苏、浙江；浙江农村普遍栽培。模式标本采自杭州植物园。
笋味鲜美可口，为优良的笋用竹种；竹材较脆，不宜蔑用，可作晒衣竿及农具柄。
本种尚有一变型，康岭红竹P. iridescens f. striata Wen 1982年发表于《植物研究》2卷1期中，与原变型之区别：“节间绿色，有许多红色、紫色等不同颜色的纵条纹，近基部节间更多，竿箨斑点较细而且分布均匀。”我们未见到此变型的标本，故存疑。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Phyllostachys iridescens C. Y. Yao & S. Y. Chen
红哺鸡竹 hong bu ji zhu
Culms 6–12 m, 4–7 cm in diam.; internodes green, becoming gray-green, 17–24 cm, initially white powdery, gradually showing yellow-green stripes in first two years; wall 6–7 mm thick; nodal ridge weakly elevated, as prominent as sheath scar. Culm sheaths purple-red or pale purple-red, with purple-brown margins, densely purple-brown spotted, thinly white powdery, glabrous; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule purple-brown, arcuate, broad, with long, purple-red cilia, blade reflexed, green with red-yellow margins, linear, flat or weakly crinkled. Leaves 3 or 4 per ultimate branch; auricles absent; oral setae deciduous, purple; ligule moderately exserted, purple-red; blade 8–17 × 1.2–2.1 cm. Flowering branchlets spicate, (2.5–)5–6(–8.5) cm, scaly bracts 3–5; spathes 5–7, pubescent; oral setae 1–3, short; blade small. Pseudospikelets 2 or 3(or 4) per spathe. Spikelets lanceolate, purple, 3–3.5 cm; florets 1–3, uppermost usually sterile. Glumes absent or 1, lanceolate; rachilla ending in a short, awnlike point, internodes pubescent; lemma 1.8–2.1 cm, glabrous, apex acuminate with an awnlike point; palea 1.5–1.8 cm, subglabrous or pilosulose at apex; keels conspicuous or inconspicuous; lodicules ovate-lanceolate, 2.5–3 mm. Anthers ca. 1 cm. Stigmas 3. New shoots Apr, fl. Apr–May.
* Cultivated. Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang.
This species is grown for its delicious shoots and strong culms; the latter are used for props and tool handles.
别名：红壳竹;把竹;红鸡竹;红竹;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：刚竹属 Phyllostachys
15.红哺鸡竹（植物分类学报）红壳竹（江苏植物志）图版72：5-7
Phyllostachys iridescens C. Y. Yao et S. Y. Chen in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 18 (2):170. f. 1. 1980. "iridenscens";江苏植物志,上册156页.1977(tantumin Sinice. descr.);中国竹谱71页.1988.
竿高6-12米，径粗4-7厘米，幼竿被白粉，一、二年生的竿逐渐出现黄绿色纵条纹，老竿则无条纹；中部节间长17-24厘米，壁厚6-7毫米；竿环与箨环中等发达。箨鞘紫红色或淡红褐色，边缘紫褐色，背部密生紫褐色斑点，微被白粉，无毛；无算耳及鞘口繸毛；箨舌宽，拱形或较隆起，紫褐色，边缘有紫红色长纤毛；箨片外翻，平直或略皱曲，带状，绿色，边缘红黄色。末级小枝具3或4叶，无叶耳，鞘口繸毛脱落性，紫色；叶舌紫红色，中等发达；叶片长8-17厘米，宽1.2-2.1厘米，质较薄。花枝呈穗状，长(2.5) 5-6 (8.5)厘米，基部托以3-5片逐渐增大的鳞片状苞片；佛焰苞5-7片，背部具柔毛，鞘口缝毛短，1-3根，缩小叶形小，每片佛焰苞腋内具2或3（-4)枚假小穗。小穗长3-3.5厘米，紫色，披针形，每小穗含小花1-3朵，常仅顶端1朵成熟；小穗轴延伸呈针状，其节间有毛；颖常仅1片或无，披针形；外稃长1.8-2.1厘米，无毛，顶端延伸呈芒状；内稃长1.5-1.8厘米，几无毛或仅顶端有疏生细毛，背部2脊明显或否；鳞被卵状披针形，长2.5-3毫米；花药长约1厘米；柱头3，羽毛状。笋期4月中、下旬，花期4-5月。
产江苏、浙江；浙江农村普遍栽培。模式标本采自杭州植物园。
笋味鲜美可口，为优良的笋用竹种；竹材较脆，不宜蔑用，可作晒衣竿及农具柄。
本种尚有一变型，康岭红竹P. iridescens f. striata Wen 1982年发表于《植物研究》2卷1期中，与原变型之区别：“节间绿色，有许多红色、紫色等不同颜色的纵条纹，近基部节间更多，竿箨斑点较细而且分布均匀。”我们未见到此变型的标本，故存疑。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Phyllostachys iridescens C. Y. Yao & S. Y. Chen
红哺鸡竹 hong bu ji zhu
Culms 6–12 m, 4–7 cm in diam.; internodes green, becoming gray-green, 17–24 cm, initially white powdery, gradually showing yellow-green stripes in first two years; wall 6–7 mm thick; nodal ridge weakly elevated, as prominent as sheath scar. Culm sheaths purple-red or pale purple-red, with purple-brown margins, densely purple-brown spotted, thinly white powdery, glabrous; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule purple-brown, arcuate, broad, with long, purple-red cilia, blade reflexed, green with red-yellow margins, linear, flat or weakly crinkled. Leaves 3 or 4 per ultimate branch; auricles absent; oral setae deciduous, purple; ligule moderately exserted, purple-red; blade 8–17 × 1.2–2.1 cm. Flowering branchlets spicate, (2.5–)5–6(–8.5) cm, scaly bracts 3–5; spathes 5–7, pubescent; oral setae 1–3, short; blade small. Pseudospikelets 2 or 3(or 4) per spathe. Spikelets lanceolate, purple, 3–3.5 cm; florets 1–3, uppermost usually sterile. Glumes absent or 1, lanceolate; rachilla ending in a short, awnlike point, internodes pubescent; lemma 1.8–2.1 cm, glabrous, apex acuminate with an awnlike point; palea 1.5–1.8 cm, subglabrous or pilosulose at apex; keels conspicuous or inconspicuous; lodicules ovate-lanceolate, 2.5–3 mm. Anthers ca. 1 cm. Stigmas 3. New shoots Apr, fl. Apr–May.
* Cultivated. Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang.
This species is grown for its delicious shoots and strong culms; the latter are used for props and tool handles.