淡竹Phyllostachys glauca McClure

别名：麻壳淡竹;江苏淡竹;粉绿竹;黑壳竹;粉竹;花秆淡竹;洛宁淡竹;篾竹;青竹;水竹;丝竹;竹子;麦茬葶竹;红淡竹;麦荐亭竹;花皮淡竹;

科名：禾本科 Gramineae

属名：刚竹属 Phyllostachys

《中国植物志》第9(1)卷260页
  8.淡竹（江苏植物志）粉绿竹（江苏植物志）
  Phyllostachys glauca McClure in Journ. Arn. Arb.37:185.f. 6.1956. et in Agr.Handb. USDA No. 114:36. ff. 26,27. 1957;华东禾本科植物志307页.图331.1962;江苏植物志,上册156页.图242. 1977;中国竹谱68页.1988;云南树木图志下册,1455页,图685. 1991.
形态特征：竿高5—12米，粗2—5厘米，幼竿密被白粉，无毛，老竿灰黄绿色；节间最长可达40厘米，壁薄，厚仅约3毫米；竿环与箨环均稍隆起，同高。箨鞘背面淡紫褐色至淡紫绿色，常有深浅相同的纵条纹，无毛，具紫色脉纹及疏生的小斑点或斑块，无箨耳及鞘口继毛；箨舌暗紫褐色，高约2-3毫米，截形，边缘有波状裂齿及细短纤毛；箨片线状披针形或带状，开展或外翻，平直或有时微皱曲，绿紫色，边缘淡黄色。末级小枝具2或3叶；叶耳及鞘口缝毛均存在但早落；叶舌紫褐色；叶片长7—16厘米，宽1．2—2．5厘米，下表面沿中脉两侧稍被柔毛。花枝呈穗状，长达11厘米，基部有3—5片逐渐增大的鳞片状苞片；佛焰苞5--7片，无毛或一侧疏生柔毛，鞘口继毛有时存在，数少，短细，缩小叶狭披针形至锥状，每苞内有2—4枚假小穗，但其中常仅1或2枚发育正常，侧生假小穗—厂方所托的苞片披针形，先端有微毛。小穗长约2．5厘米，狭披针形，含1或2朵小花，常以最上端一朵成熟；小穗轴最后延伸成刺芒状，节间密生短柔毛；颖不存在或仅1片；外稃长约2厘米，常被短柔毛；内稃稍短于其外稃，脊上生短柔毛；鳞被长4毫米；花药长12毫米；柱头2，羽毛状。笋期4月中旬至5月底，花期6月。
用    途：笋味淡；竹材篾性好，可编织各种竹器，也可整材使用，作农具柄、搭棚架等。
产地分布：产黄河流域至长江流域各地，也是常见的栽培竹种之一。1926年由南京引入美国栽培。模式标本采自美国。
参考文献：PhyllostachysglaucaMcClureinJourn．Arn．Arb．37：185．F．6．1956．EtinAgr．Handb．USDANo．114：36．Ff．26，27．1957；华东禾本科植物志307页．图331．1962；江苏植物志，上册156页．图242．1977；中国竹谱68页．1988；云南树木图志下册，1455页，图685．1991．

《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Phyllostachys glauca  McClure
淡竹   dan zhu
Culms 5–12 m, 2–5 cm in diam.; internodes usually blue-green, to 40 cm, initially white powdery; wall ca. 3 mm thick; nodal ridge nearly equaling or slightly more prominent than sheath scar. Culm sheaths purple-brown or green-brown, usually alternating with pale and darker stripes, with sparse small brown spots or cloudy brown blotches, margins usually dark brown; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule dark purple brown, truncate, 2–3 mm, margin ciliolate; blade spreading to reflexed, purple-green with yellow margins, linear-lanceolate to linear, flat or sometimes weakly crinkled. Leaves 2 or 3 per ultimate branch; auricles and oral setae deciduous; ligule purple-brown; blade 7–16 × 1.2–2.5 cm, abaxially proximally pilose. Flowering branchlet spicate, to 11 cm, subtended by 3–5 scaly bracts gradually larger; spathes 5–7, glabrous or pilose on one flank, oral setae sometimes weakly developed; blade narrowly lanceolate to subulate. Pseudospikelets 2–4 per spathe, usually 1 or 2 fertile; bracts subtending lateral pseudospikelets, lanceolate, apex puberulent. Spikelets narrowly lanceolate, ca. 2.5 cm; florets 1 or 2, upper one sterile. Glumes 1 or 2; rachilla densely puberulent, extending awnlike beyond uppermost floret; lemma ca. 2 cm, keels usually puberulent; lodicules ca. 4 mm. Anthers ca. 1.2 cm. Stigmas 2. New shoots Apr–May, fl. Jun. 2n = 48*.
* Anhui, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
The culms are used for weaving and making furniture, containers, handicraft items, tool handles, and shelters.