栏目

黄古竹Phyllostachys angusta McClure

黄古竹Phyllostachys angusta McClure

别名:黄菰竹;窄刚竹;沙竹;水什竹;黄姑竹;石竹;水杂竹;黄苦竹;砂竹;黄石竹;

科名:禾本科 Gramineae

属名:刚竹属 Phyllostachys

《中国植物志》第9(1)卷265页
  12.黄古竹(江苏植物志)石竹(华东禾本科植物志)图版71:1-3
  Phyllostachys angusta McClure in Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci.35:278. f. 2. 1945. et in Agr. Handb. USDA No. 114:12. ff. 4,5. 1957;华东禾本科植物志305页.图327. 1962;江苏植物志,上册157页.图245. 1977.
  竿高达8米,粗3-4厘米,劲直,幼竿微被白粉,老竿灰绿色;中部节间长达26厘米,壁厚约3毫米;竿环微隆起,与箨环同高。箨鞘背面乳白色或带黄绿色,有宽窄不等的紫色纵条纹和稀疏的褐色小斑点,背部光滑无毛,无白粉,边缘生纤毛;箨耳及鞘口繸毛俱缺;箨舌黄绿色,狭而高,先端截平或微隆起,有缺刻,具灰白色长达0.5厘米的细纤毛;箨片带状,平直,开展或外翻,淡绿乳黄色或有时带紫色。末级小枝具2或3叶;叶耳和鞘口繸毛均缺或有时仅具鞘口繸毛;叶舌明显伸出,黄绿色;叶片呈带状披针形或披针形,长5-17厘米,宽1.2-2厘米,除下表面基部有毛外,两表面无毛或近于无毛。花枝未见。笋期4月下旬。
  产河南、江苏、浙江。1907年由浙江余杭县塘栖引入美国栽培。模式标本采自美国。
  笋食用;竹材性韧,篾性好,宜编制细竹器及工艺品。
  本种与曲竿竹P. flexuosa(Carr.)A. et C. Riv容易混淆,但本种的竿仅具有难以察觉到的白粉,箨鞘色彩较淡,斑点较少,而曲竿竹则竿在节间的上半部具白粉,箨鞘的色彩较深,斑点较多,两者可以区别。
形态特征:竿高达8米,粗3—4厘米,劲直,幼竿微被白粉,老竿灰绿色;中部节间长达26厘米,壁厚约3毫米;竿环微隆起,与箨环同高。箨鞘背面乳白色或带黄绿色,有宽窄不等的紫色纵条纹和稀疏的褐色小斑点,背部光滑无毛,无白粉,边缘生纤毛;箨耳及鞘口继毛俱缺;箨舌黄绿色,狭而高,先端截乎或微隆起,有缺刻,具灰白色长达0.5厘米的细纤毛;箨片带状,平直,开展或外翻,淡绿乳黄色或有时带紫色。末级小枝具2或3叶;叶耳和鞘口燧毛均缺或有时仅具鞘口燧毛;叶舌明显伸出,黄绿色;叶片呈带状披针形或披针形,长5-17厘米,宽1.2—2厘米,除下表面基部有毛外,两表面无毛或近于无毛。花枝未见。笋期4月下旬。
产地分布:产河南、江苏、浙江。1907年由浙江余杭县塘栖引入美国栽培。模式标本采自美国。
本种提示:本种与曲竿竹P.Flexuosa(Carr.)A.EtC.Riv容易混淆,但本种的竿仅具有难以察觉到的白粉,箨鞘色彩较淡,斑点较少,而曲竿竹则竿在节间的上半部具白粉,箨鞘的色彩较深,斑点较多,两者可以区别。
参考文献:PhyllostachysangustaMcCIureinJourn.Wash.Acad.Sci.35:278.F.2.1945,etinAgr.Handb.USDANo.114:12.Ff.4,5.1957;华东禾本科植物志305页.图327.1962;江苏植物志,上册157页.图245.1977.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Phyllostachys angusta  McClure
黄古竹   huang gu zhu
Culms to 8 m, 3–4 cm in diam., straight; internodes gray-green at maturity, to 26 cm, initially thinly white powdery, glabrous; wall ca. 3 mm thick; nodal ridge weakly elevated, as prominent as sheath scar. Culm sheaths milky-white, tinged with yellow-green, unequally striped with purple, with sparse, small, brown spots, not white powdery, glabrous, margins ciliate; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule pale yellow-green, truncate or slightly convex, tall, narrow, notched or laciniate, with pale cilia to 5 mm; blade spreading or reflexed, greenish cream or sometimes purple, linear, flat. Leaves 2 or 3 per ultimate branch; auricles absent; oral setae sometimes present; ligule exserted, yellow-green; blade linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, 5–17 × 1.2–2 cm, abaxially proximally pilose. Inflorescence not known. New shoots late Apr. 2n = 48*.
* Cultivated. Anhui, Fujian, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang.
This species is similar to Phyllostachys flexuosa, but differs in its inconspicuously pruinose culm internodes, its paler (nearly white), sparsely speckled culm sheaths, and its paler, ciliate, yellow-green ligules.

The culms are used for weaving fine bamboo articles.

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