发枝稷Panicum trichoides Sw.
发枝稷Panicum trichoides Sw.
17. 发枝稷（禾本科图说）图版64：8-15
Panicum trichoides Swartz, Prod. Veg. Ind. Occ. 24. 1788: Hitchc. et A. Chase, Noth. Amer. Sp. Panic. 129. 1910;中国主要植物图说 禾本科656. 图595. 1959;中国高等植物图鉴5: 861. 1976; 海南植物志4: 403. 1977.
一年生草本。秆纤细，基部膝曲，多分枝，高15-40厘米。叶鞘短于节间，松弛，被疣基纤毛；叶舌长约0.2毫米，顶端被纤毛；叶片质薄，卵状披针形，两侧不对称，长4-8厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端渐尖，基部心形或近圆形，两面疏生细毛，边缘近基部被疣基纤毛。圆锥花序开展，长10-15厘米，常为剑叶叶鞘所包，分枝上举或开展；小穗疏生，卵形，长约1.3毫米；颖薄纸质，被细毛；第一颖长为小穗的1/2，顶端尖，基部包卷小穗，具3脉；第二颖宽椭圆形，略短于小穗，顶端钝，具5脉；第一外稃椭圆形，与小穗等长，质地与颖同，被细毛，具5脉，有长为外稃1/2的膜质内稃；第二外稃革质，卵状椭圆形，长约1毫米，顶端尖。染色体2n=18。花果期9-12月。
产广东、海南；生于荒野或路旁。亚洲热带地区、北美、西印度群岛等地有分布。模式标本采自牙买加。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Panicum trichoides O. Swartz
发枝稷 fa zhi ji
Annual, delicate. Culms geniculately ascending, rooting from lower nodes, 10–80 cm tall, branched, nodes puberulous. Leaves cauline; leaf sheaths striate, pilose or hispid; leaf blades lanceolate, membranous, 3–8 × 0.5–2 cm, pilose, base asymmetrically cordate or narrowed, apex acuminate; ligule ca. 0.2 mm, a ciliolate membrane. Panicle ovate or oblong in outline, 4–20 cm, much branched; branches fine and bearing the spikelets on long pedicels. Spikelets asymmetrically ovate, 1–1.5 mm, pubescent; lower glume ovate, 1/2 length of spikelet, 1–3-veined, separated by an internode; upper glume as long as spikelet, 3–5-veined; lower lemma similar to upper glume, palea 1/2 as long as lemma; upper floret as long as spikelet, thinly coriaceous, glabrous, white, granulose. Fl. and fr. Sep–Dec. 2n = 18.
Roadsides, waste places. Guangdong, Hainan [tropical America; introduced in tropical Africa and Asia].
别名：tropical panicgrass;发枝黍;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：黍属 Panicum
17. 发枝稷（禾本科图说）图版64：8-15
Panicum trichoides Swartz, Prod. Veg. Ind. Occ. 24. 1788: Hitchc. et A. Chase, Noth. Amer. Sp. Panic. 129. 1910;中国主要植物图说 禾本科656. 图595. 1959;中国高等植物图鉴5: 861. 1976; 海南植物志4: 403. 1977.
一年生草本。秆纤细，基部膝曲，多分枝，高15-40厘米。叶鞘短于节间，松弛，被疣基纤毛；叶舌长约0.2毫米，顶端被纤毛；叶片质薄，卵状披针形，两侧不对称，长4-8厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端渐尖，基部心形或近圆形，两面疏生细毛，边缘近基部被疣基纤毛。圆锥花序开展，长10-15厘米，常为剑叶叶鞘所包，分枝上举或开展；小穗疏生，卵形，长约1.3毫米；颖薄纸质，被细毛；第一颖长为小穗的1/2，顶端尖，基部包卷小穗，具3脉；第二颖宽椭圆形，略短于小穗，顶端钝，具5脉；第一外稃椭圆形，与小穗等长，质地与颖同，被细毛，具5脉，有长为外稃1/2的膜质内稃；第二外稃革质，卵状椭圆形，长约1毫米，顶端尖。染色体2n=18。花果期9-12月。
产广东、海南；生于荒野或路旁。亚洲热带地区、北美、西印度群岛等地有分布。模式标本采自牙买加。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Panicum trichoides O. Swartz
发枝稷 fa zhi ji
Annual, delicate. Culms geniculately ascending, rooting from lower nodes, 10–80 cm tall, branched, nodes puberulous. Leaves cauline; leaf sheaths striate, pilose or hispid; leaf blades lanceolate, membranous, 3–8 × 0.5–2 cm, pilose, base asymmetrically cordate or narrowed, apex acuminate; ligule ca. 0.2 mm, a ciliolate membrane. Panicle ovate or oblong in outline, 4–20 cm, much branched; branches fine and bearing the spikelets on long pedicels. Spikelets asymmetrically ovate, 1–1.5 mm, pubescent; lower glume ovate, 1/2 length of spikelet, 1–3-veined, separated by an internode; upper glume as long as spikelet, 3–5-veined; lower lemma similar to upper glume, palea 1/2 as long as lemma; upper floret as long as spikelet, thinly coriaceous, glabrous, white, granulose. Fl. and fr. Sep–Dec. 2n = 18.
Roadsides, waste places. Guangdong, Hainan [tropical America; introduced in tropical Africa and Asia].