短叶黍Panicum brevifolium Linn.
短叶黍Panicum brevifolium Linn.
18．短叶黍（广州植物志）图版64：1-7
Panicum brevifolium L. Sp. Pl. ed 1. 59. 1753; Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36;328. 1904; Merr. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 5:30, 1927; Ohwi in Acta. Phytotax. et Geobot. 11:45. 1942: Jansen in Reinwardtia 2:315. 1953;广州植物志805. 1956: 中国主要植物图说 禾本科655. 图594. 1959; Bor, Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 324. 1960; H. B. Gill. et al. Fl. Malaya 3: 139. 1971;台湾的禾草551. 图170. 1975;台湾植物志5: 569. 图1436. 1978; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 158. 图7145. 1976; 海南植物志4: 404. 1977. ——Panicum arborescens L. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. 59. 1753. ——Panicum ovalifolium Poir in Lam. Encycl. Meth, Bot. Suppl. 4:279. 1816.——Panicum hirtifolium Ridley, Fl. Mal. Pen. 5:228. 1925. ——Panicum brevifolium L. var. hirtifolium (Ridley) Jansen in Reinwardita 2:315. 1953; Hsu in Journ. Jap. Bot. 38(3): 80. 1963.
一年生草本。秆基部常伏卧地面，节上生根，花枝高10-50厘米。叶鞘短于节间，松弛，被柔毛或边缘被纤毛；叶舌膜质，长约0.2毫米，顶端被纤毛；叶片卵形或卵状披针形，长2-6厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端尖，基部心形，包秆，两面疏被粗毛，边缘粗糙或基部具疣基纤毛。圆锥花序卵形，开展，长5-15厘米，主轴直立，常被柔毛，通常在分枝和小穗柄的着生处下具黄色腺点；小穗椭圆形，长1.5-2毫米，具蜿蜒的长柄；颖背部被疏刺毛；第一颖近膜质，长圆状披针形，稍短于小穗，具3脉；第二颖薄纸质，较宽，与小穗等长，背部凸起，顶端喙尖，具5脉；第一外稃长圆形，与第二颖近等长，顶端喙尖，具5脉，有近等长且薄膜质的内稃；第二小花卵圆形，长约1.2毫米，顶端尖，具不明显的乳突。鳞被长约0.28毫米，宽约0.22毫米，薄而透明，局部折叠，具3脉。染色体2n=36（Chen et Hsu，1961）。花果期5-12月。
产福建、广东、广西、贵州、江西、云南等省区；多生于阴湿地和林缘。非洲和亚洲热带地区也有分布。模式标本采自印度。
本种叶卵形或卵状披针形，小穗一面凸起，第二小花外稃具乳突等特征，易与国产其它种区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Panicum brevifolium Linnaeus
短叶黍 duan ye shu
Panicum arborescens Linnaeus; P. brevifolium var. hirti-folium (Ridley) Jansen; P. hirtifolium Ridley; P. longiglume H. Peng & L. H. Zhou; P. ovalifolium Poiret.
Annual. Culms rambling, often rooting at lower nodes, 15–100 cm tall, nodes glabrous or pubescent. Leaves cauline; leaf sheaths puberulous or glabrous, ciliate on margins; ligule ca. 0.2 mm, a ciliolate membrane; leaf blades narrowly ovate to ovate, 5–10 × 1–3 cm, membranous, glabrous or pilose, cross veins present, base amplexicaul, apex finely acute to acuminate. Panicle oblong or ovate in outline, 5–15 cm, much branched; branches delicate, often tangled, glabrous or pilose, glandular patches present. Spikelets asymmetrically borne on the pedicels, ovate or elliptic in outline, 1.5–2 mm, sparsely puberulous to pilose; lower glume ovate, as long as spikelet, hyaline, 1–3-veined, separated by an internode; upper glume as long as spikelet, 5-veined; lower lemma similar to upper glume, palea well developed; upper floret white, scaberulous, shiny. Fl. and fr. May–Dec. 2n = 36.
Humid places, forest margins. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical Africa].
别名：狼尾草;短叶稷;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：黍属 Panicum
18．短叶黍（广州植物志）图版64：1-7
Panicum brevifolium L. Sp. Pl. ed 1. 59. 1753; Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36;328. 1904; Merr. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 5:30, 1927; Ohwi in Acta. Phytotax. et Geobot. 11:45. 1942: Jansen in Reinwardtia 2:315. 1953;广州植物志805. 1956: 中国主要植物图说 禾本科655. 图594. 1959; Bor, Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 324. 1960; H. B. Gill. et al. Fl. Malaya 3: 139. 1971;台湾的禾草551. 图170. 1975;台湾植物志5: 569. 图1436. 1978; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 158. 图7145. 1976; 海南植物志4: 404. 1977. ——Panicum arborescens L. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. 59. 1753. ——Panicum ovalifolium Poir in Lam. Encycl. Meth, Bot. Suppl. 4:279. 1816.——Panicum hirtifolium Ridley, Fl. Mal. Pen. 5:228. 1925. ——Panicum brevifolium L. var. hirtifolium (Ridley) Jansen in Reinwardita 2:315. 1953; Hsu in Journ. Jap. Bot. 38(3): 80. 1963.
一年生草本。秆基部常伏卧地面，节上生根，花枝高10-50厘米。叶鞘短于节间，松弛，被柔毛或边缘被纤毛；叶舌膜质，长约0.2毫米，顶端被纤毛；叶片卵形或卵状披针形，长2-6厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端尖，基部心形，包秆，两面疏被粗毛，边缘粗糙或基部具疣基纤毛。圆锥花序卵形，开展，长5-15厘米，主轴直立，常被柔毛，通常在分枝和小穗柄的着生处下具黄色腺点；小穗椭圆形，长1.5-2毫米，具蜿蜒的长柄；颖背部被疏刺毛；第一颖近膜质，长圆状披针形，稍短于小穗，具3脉；第二颖薄纸质，较宽，与小穗等长，背部凸起，顶端喙尖，具5脉；第一外稃长圆形，与第二颖近等长，顶端喙尖，具5脉，有近等长且薄膜质的内稃；第二小花卵圆形，长约1.2毫米，顶端尖，具不明显的乳突。鳞被长约0.28毫米，宽约0.22毫米，薄而透明，局部折叠，具3脉。染色体2n=36（Chen et Hsu，1961）。花果期5-12月。
产福建、广东、广西、贵州、江西、云南等省区；多生于阴湿地和林缘。非洲和亚洲热带地区也有分布。模式标本采自印度。
本种叶卵形或卵状披针形，小穗一面凸起，第二小花外稃具乳突等特征，易与国产其它种区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Panicum brevifolium Linnaeus
短叶黍 duan ye shu
Panicum arborescens Linnaeus; P. brevifolium var. hirti-folium (Ridley) Jansen; P. hirtifolium Ridley; P. longiglume H. Peng & L. H. Zhou; P. ovalifolium Poiret.
Annual. Culms rambling, often rooting at lower nodes, 15–100 cm tall, nodes glabrous or pubescent. Leaves cauline; leaf sheaths puberulous or glabrous, ciliate on margins; ligule ca. 0.2 mm, a ciliolate membrane; leaf blades narrowly ovate to ovate, 5–10 × 1–3 cm, membranous, glabrous or pilose, cross veins present, base amplexicaul, apex finely acute to acuminate. Panicle oblong or ovate in outline, 5–15 cm, much branched; branches delicate, often tangled, glabrous or pilose, glandular patches present. Spikelets asymmetrically borne on the pedicels, ovate or elliptic in outline, 1.5–2 mm, sparsely puberulous to pilose; lower glume ovate, as long as spikelet, hyaline, 1–3-veined, separated by an internode; upper glume as long as spikelet, 5-veined; lower lemma similar to upper glume, palea well developed; upper floret white, scaberulous, shiny. Fl. and fr. May–Dec. 2n = 36.
Humid places, forest margins. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical Africa].