麦黄茅Heteropogon triticeus (R. Br.) Stapf ex Craib.
麦黄茅Heteropogon triticeus (R. Br.) Stapf ex Craib.
3. 麦黄茅(拟)图版60:13
Heteropogon triticeus (R. Br.) Stapf ex Craib. in Kew Bull. 1912: 432. 1912. ——Andropogon triticeus R. Br. Prodr. 201. 1810.——A. ischyranthus Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 367. 1854.——A. liananthus Steud. l. c. 367.——A. segenensis Steud. l. c. 367. ——Heteropogon insignis Thw. Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 437. 1864.
多年生高大粗壮草本。须根发达。秆高1-3米,直立,坚硬,苇状,但实心,光滑无毛,具光泽,略压扁;自上部节分枝。叶鞘松弛,压扁具龙骨突,无毛或几无毛;叶舌极短,截形,撕裂而具纤毛;叶片狭线形,扁平,质较硬,长30-60厘米,宽4-8毫米,顶端尖或渐尖,基部与鞘不易区分,主脉细,于背面凸起,边缘粗糙,干时向背卷曲。花序单生于秆或分枝顶,镰形穗,长8-15厘米(除芒外);基部具12-15对同性对,中性,无芒;上部为异性对。无柄小穗雌性,线状长圆形,长10-14毫米(连基盘);基盘长约6毫米,内弯,锐利,髯毛褐色;第一颖长圆形,长6-10毫米,顶端钝,主脉及两侧脉均清晰,背部具2深沟,革质,被毛,边缘内卷;第二颖线状长圆形,长5-7毫米,顶端钝,背部圆形,龙骨突压扁,与第一颖同质,被毛;第一外稃长圆形或线状长圆形,长5-10毫米,顶端微尖,透明,无脉,无毛或顶端具睫毛。第二外稃极狭,顶端延伸成芒;芒长9-16厘米,膝曲扭旋,芒针较短;第二内稃小,2裂,具睫毛;鳞被线状长圆形;子房细长。有柄小穗雄性或中性,长圆状披针形,长约15毫米,基盘短,无毛,第一颖具狭翼。花果期10月至次年3月。
产于海南;越南、泰国、印度、马来西亚和澳大利亚亦有分布。我国分布新记录。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Heteropogon triticeus (R. Brown) Stapf ex Craib
麦黄茅 mai huang mao
Andropogon triticeus R. Brown, Prodr. 201. 1810; A. ischyranthus Steudel; A. lianatherus Steudel; A. segaenensis Steudel; Heteropogon ischyranthus (Steudel) Miquel; H. liana-therus (Steudel) Miquel; Sorghum triticeum (R. Brown) Kuntze.
Perennial from a tough rootstock. Culms stout, erect, hard, 1–3 m tall. Leaf sheaths keeled and flabellate at plant base, glabrous to hispidulous; leaf blades flat, stiff, 30–60 × 0.4–0.8 cm, glabrous to hirsute, apex acuminate; ligule very short, truncate, lacerate. Inflorescence a terminal raceme, sometimes with a few axillary racemes below it. Racemes 8–15 cm (excluding awns), 5–11-awned, 12–15 pairs of flat green homogamous spikelets below awned fertile pairs. Sessile spikelet 6–10 mm, dark brown at maturity; callus ca. 6 mm, pungent, densely brown bearded; lower glume linear-oblong, brown puberulous or pubescent, deeply grooved on either side of midvein; awn 9–16 cm, brown, column shortly pubescent. Pedicelled spikelet 15–20 mm, lower glume oblong-lanceolate, green, laterally asymmetrically winged, glabrous. Fl. and fr. Oct–Mar.
Mountain slopes. Hainan [S India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].
This is a tall, robust grass with racemes of large, overlapping homogamous and pedicelled spikelets with very long awns emerging from the upper part.
科名:禾本科 Gramineae
属名:黄茅属 Heteropogon
《中国植物志》第10(2)卷242页
3. 麦黄茅(拟)图版60:13
Heteropogon triticeus (R. Br.) Stapf ex Craib. in Kew Bull. 1912: 432. 1912. ——Andropogon triticeus R. Br. Prodr. 201. 1810.——A. ischyranthus Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 367. 1854.——A. liananthus Steud. l. c. 367.——A. segenensis Steud. l. c. 367. ——Heteropogon insignis Thw. Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 437. 1864.
多年生高大粗壮草本。须根发达。秆高1-3米,直立,坚硬,苇状,但实心,光滑无毛,具光泽,略压扁;自上部节分枝。叶鞘松弛,压扁具龙骨突,无毛或几无毛;叶舌极短,截形,撕裂而具纤毛;叶片狭线形,扁平,质较硬,长30-60厘米,宽4-8毫米,顶端尖或渐尖,基部与鞘不易区分,主脉细,于背面凸起,边缘粗糙,干时向背卷曲。花序单生于秆或分枝顶,镰形穗,长8-15厘米(除芒外);基部具12-15对同性对,中性,无芒;上部为异性对。无柄小穗雌性,线状长圆形,长10-14毫米(连基盘);基盘长约6毫米,内弯,锐利,髯毛褐色;第一颖长圆形,长6-10毫米,顶端钝,主脉及两侧脉均清晰,背部具2深沟,革质,被毛,边缘内卷;第二颖线状长圆形,长5-7毫米,顶端钝,背部圆形,龙骨突压扁,与第一颖同质,被毛;第一外稃长圆形或线状长圆形,长5-10毫米,顶端微尖,透明,无脉,无毛或顶端具睫毛。第二外稃极狭,顶端延伸成芒;芒长9-16厘米,膝曲扭旋,芒针较短;第二内稃小,2裂,具睫毛;鳞被线状长圆形;子房细长。有柄小穗雄性或中性,长圆状披针形,长约15毫米,基盘短,无毛,第一颖具狭翼。花果期10月至次年3月。
产于海南;越南、泰国、印度、马来西亚和澳大利亚亦有分布。我国分布新记录。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Heteropogon triticeus (R. Brown) Stapf ex Craib
麦黄茅 mai huang mao
Andropogon triticeus R. Brown, Prodr. 201. 1810; A. ischyranthus Steudel; A. lianatherus Steudel; A. segaenensis Steudel; Heteropogon ischyranthus (Steudel) Miquel; H. liana-therus (Steudel) Miquel; Sorghum triticeum (R. Brown) Kuntze.
Perennial from a tough rootstock. Culms stout, erect, hard, 1–3 m tall. Leaf sheaths keeled and flabellate at plant base, glabrous to hispidulous; leaf blades flat, stiff, 30–60 × 0.4–0.8 cm, glabrous to hirsute, apex acuminate; ligule very short, truncate, lacerate. Inflorescence a terminal raceme, sometimes with a few axillary racemes below it. Racemes 8–15 cm (excluding awns), 5–11-awned, 12–15 pairs of flat green homogamous spikelets below awned fertile pairs. Sessile spikelet 6–10 mm, dark brown at maturity; callus ca. 6 mm, pungent, densely brown bearded; lower glume linear-oblong, brown puberulous or pubescent, deeply grooved on either side of midvein; awn 9–16 cm, brown, column shortly pubescent. Pedicelled spikelet 15–20 mm, lower glume oblong-lanceolate, green, laterally asymmetrically winged, glabrous. Fl. and fr. Oct–Mar.
Mountain slopes. Hainan [S India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].
This is a tall, robust grass with racemes of large, overlapping homogamous and pedicelled spikelets with very long awns emerging from the upper part.