黑果黄茅Heteropogon melanocarpus (Ell.) Benth.
黑果黄茅Heteropogon melanocarpus (Ell.) Benth.
1. 黑果黄茅（拟）图版60：14-15
Heteropogon melanocarpus (Ell.) Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 19: 71. 1881; 中国主要植物图说, 禾本科843. 1959.——Andropogon melanocarpus Ell. Sketch. Not. S. Carol. 1: 146. 1816; Hadk. in DC. Monogr, Phan. 6: 584. 1889. ——Cymbopogon melanocarpus Spreng, Syst, 1: 289. 1825.——Heteropogon acuminatus Trin. in Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. ser. 6, 2: 254. 1832.——Heteropogon roylei Nees ex steud. Syn. P1. Glum. 1: 367. 1854.——Heteropogon polystictus Hochst. Flora 39: 28. 1856.
一年生草本。秆基常膝曲，下部节可生根，上部自节常分枝，高50-100厘米，基部径约5毫米，其与叶鞘及叶片常染紫色。叶鞘松弛抱秆，下部的长于节间，上部的短于节间，多脉，明显凸出，且于脉上散生腺体，肉眼可见；叶颈收缩，鞘口常具长柔毛；叶舌膜质，顶端撕裂状，有睫毛；叶片线状披针形，长10-40厘米，宽5-10毫米，基部稍收缩，顶端长渐尖，主脉明显，散生长柔毛。总状花序着生于分枝顶端，长2-4厘米（芒除外），小穗对较疏地着生于花序轴，下部1-3对为同性对，均为雄性或中性，宿存；上部3-10对为异性对。无柄小穗成熟时长圆柱形，长6-8毫米；颖革质。密被棕褐色有光泽的柔毛；芒粗壮，膝曲，长6-8厘米，基盘尖锐，被髯毛。有柄小穗长圆状披针形，常偏斜扭转，覆盖无柄小穗，无芒；颖草质，第一颖中脉粗，具1列腺体。花果期6-11月。
产于云南；生于海拔1000-1400米的山坡草地。印度、热带和亚热带非洲和美洲有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Heteropogon melanocarpus (Elliott) Bentham
黑果黄茅 hei guo huang mao
Andropogon melanocarpus Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 146. 1816 ["1821"]; A. polystictus Steudel; Cymbopogon melanocarpus (Elliott) Sprengel; Heteropogon acuminatus Trinius; H. polystictus (Steudel) Hochstetter; H. roylei Nees ex Steudel.
Annual. Culms robust, erect, usually solitary, 0.5–2 cm tall, supported by stilt roots. Leaf sheaths spotted with rows of glands along veins, long soft hairs at mouth; leaf blades flat, 10–40 × 0.5–1 cm, pilose, apex acuminate; ligule lacerate. Inflorescence of racemes gathered into a copious spathate panicle; spatheoles linear-lanceolate, glandular; peduncle ca. 1/2 spatheole length, scarcely exserted. Racemes 2–4 cm (excluding awns), 3–8-awned, 1–3 pairs of green homogamous spikelets below the awned fertile pairs. Sessile spikelet 6–8 mm, blackish brown; callus 3–4.5 mm, sharply pungent, brown bearded; lower glume narrowly oblong, densely pilose with soft brown hairs; awn 6–9 cm, stout, column blackish when mature, hirtellous. Pedicelled spikelet 15–25 mm, lower glume light green, oblong-lanceolate, laterally asymmetrically winged, glabrous, pitted with glands and transversely pucked along midvein, lanceolate-caudate. Fl. and fr. Jun–Nov.
Mountain slopes; 1000–1500 m. Yunnan [India; Africa, tropical and subtropical America, SW Asia].
This species is immediately recognizable by the large, caudate pedicelled spikelets with a conspicuous, median, glandular band.
别名：sweet tanglehead;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：黄茅属 Heteropogon
1. 黑果黄茅（拟）图版60：14-15
Heteropogon melanocarpus (Ell.) Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 19: 71. 1881; 中国主要植物图说, 禾本科843. 1959.——Andropogon melanocarpus Ell. Sketch. Not. S. Carol. 1: 146. 1816; Hadk. in DC. Monogr, Phan. 6: 584. 1889. ——Cymbopogon melanocarpus Spreng, Syst, 1: 289. 1825.——Heteropogon acuminatus Trin. in Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. ser. 6, 2: 254. 1832.——Heteropogon roylei Nees ex steud. Syn. P1. Glum. 1: 367. 1854.——Heteropogon polystictus Hochst. Flora 39: 28. 1856.
一年生草本。秆基常膝曲，下部节可生根，上部自节常分枝，高50-100厘米，基部径约5毫米，其与叶鞘及叶片常染紫色。叶鞘松弛抱秆，下部的长于节间，上部的短于节间，多脉，明显凸出，且于脉上散生腺体，肉眼可见；叶颈收缩，鞘口常具长柔毛；叶舌膜质，顶端撕裂状，有睫毛；叶片线状披针形，长10-40厘米，宽5-10毫米，基部稍收缩，顶端长渐尖，主脉明显，散生长柔毛。总状花序着生于分枝顶端，长2-4厘米（芒除外），小穗对较疏地着生于花序轴，下部1-3对为同性对，均为雄性或中性，宿存；上部3-10对为异性对。无柄小穗成熟时长圆柱形，长6-8毫米；颖革质。密被棕褐色有光泽的柔毛；芒粗壮，膝曲，长6-8厘米，基盘尖锐，被髯毛。有柄小穗长圆状披针形，常偏斜扭转，覆盖无柄小穗，无芒；颖草质，第一颖中脉粗，具1列腺体。花果期6-11月。
产于云南；生于海拔1000-1400米的山坡草地。印度、热带和亚热带非洲和美洲有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Heteropogon melanocarpus (Elliott) Bentham
黑果黄茅 hei guo huang mao
Andropogon melanocarpus Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 146. 1816 ["1821"]; A. polystictus Steudel; Cymbopogon melanocarpus (Elliott) Sprengel; Heteropogon acuminatus Trinius; H. polystictus (Steudel) Hochstetter; H. roylei Nees ex Steudel.
Annual. Culms robust, erect, usually solitary, 0.5–2 cm tall, supported by stilt roots. Leaf sheaths spotted with rows of glands along veins, long soft hairs at mouth; leaf blades flat, 10–40 × 0.5–1 cm, pilose, apex acuminate; ligule lacerate. Inflorescence of racemes gathered into a copious spathate panicle; spatheoles linear-lanceolate, glandular; peduncle ca. 1/2 spatheole length, scarcely exserted. Racemes 2–4 cm (excluding awns), 3–8-awned, 1–3 pairs of green homogamous spikelets below the awned fertile pairs. Sessile spikelet 6–8 mm, blackish brown; callus 3–4.5 mm, sharply pungent, brown bearded; lower glume narrowly oblong, densely pilose with soft brown hairs; awn 6–9 cm, stout, column blackish when mature, hirtellous. Pedicelled spikelet 15–25 mm, lower glume light green, oblong-lanceolate, laterally asymmetrically winged, glabrous, pitted with glands and transversely pucked along midvein, lanceolate-caudate. Fl. and fr. Jun–Nov.
Mountain slopes; 1000–1500 m. Yunnan [India; Africa, tropical and subtropical America, SW Asia].
This species is immediately recognizable by the large, caudate pedicelled spikelets with a conspicuous, median, glandular band.