镰稃草Harpachne harpachnoides (Hack.) Keng
镰稃草Harpachne harpachnoides (Hack.) Keng
1．镰稃草（禾本科图说）图版8：1-2，123:5
Harpachne harpachnoides (Hack.) Keng, 中国主要植物图说 禾本科131. 图262. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴5:321. 图7092. 1976. ——Eragrostis harpachnoides Hack. in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 52:306. 1902.
多年生。须根细弱而坚韧。秆直立，微膝曲，高15-30厘米，径约1毫米，具3-4节。叶鞘质硬，短于节间，除边缘与鞘颈具柔毛外，余均大部无毛；叶舌纤毛状，长约0.5毫米；叶片质硬，长2-9厘米，宽1-2毫米，两面或仅上面有柔毛，通常卷折成针状。总状花序长3-6厘米，宽约1.5厘米，通常具有偏向一侧的小穗，花序轴有柔毛；小穗柄长1-3毫米，被短糙毛，先端膨大，基部扭曲具关节，成熟时便与小穗自其主轴上脱落；小穗质厚，线状长圆形，含4-8小花，长4-8毫米，宽2-2.5毫米；颖短小，具1脉，第一颖长1-1.5毫米，先端截平，第二颖长2-2.5毫米，先端钝圆；外稃卵形，边缘稍薄，具微纤毛，先端锐尖，具3脉，第一外稃长约2.5毫米；内稃短于外稃，先端钝，脊具翼，翼缘具微纤毛；花药长0.5-1毫米。花果期6-11月。
产云南、四川；多生于平地。中亚细亚有分布。模式标本采自云南大理附近。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Harpachne harpachnoides (Hackel) B. S. Sun & S. Wang
镰稃草 lian fu cao
Eragrostis harpachnoides Hackel, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 52: 306. 1902.
Culms 15–30 cm tall, ca. 1 mm in diam., 3–4-noded. Leaf sheaths pilose along margins and at mouth, otherwise glabrous; leaf blades stiff, narrowly linear or involute, 2–9 × 0.1–0.2 cm, glabrous, apex acute; ligule ca. 0.5 mm. Inflorescence 3–7 × ca. 1.5 cm; rachis pilose; pedicels 1.5–3 mm. Spikelets narrowly oblong to elliptic-oblong, 4–8 × 1.5–2.5 mm, florets 4–8, imbri-cate, slightly decreasing in length toward spikelet apex; glumes linear-oblong, keel scabrid; lower glume 1–1.5 mm, truncate; upper glume 2–2.5 mm, obtuse; lemmas lanceolate with straight keel, lowest ca. 2.5 mm, minutely puberulous, apex abruptly acute to apiculate; palea keels winged, wing margins ciliolate, apex obtuse. Anthers 0.5–1 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Nov.
* Open places. Sichuan, Yunnan.
The other two species of Harpachne occur in tropical Africa and have longer spikelets (8–20 mm). The common H. schimperi A. Richard is clearly distinguished from H. harpachnoides by its wedge-shaped spikelets, in which the lemmas increase in length upward with acuminate-aristate tips.
别名：镰浮草;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：镰稃草属 Harpachne
1．镰稃草（禾本科图说）图版8：1-2，123:5
Harpachne harpachnoides (Hack.) Keng, 中国主要植物图说 禾本科131. 图262. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴5:321. 图7092. 1976. ——Eragrostis harpachnoides Hack. in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 52:306. 1902.
多年生。须根细弱而坚韧。秆直立，微膝曲，高15-30厘米，径约1毫米，具3-4节。叶鞘质硬，短于节间，除边缘与鞘颈具柔毛外，余均大部无毛；叶舌纤毛状，长约0.5毫米；叶片质硬，长2-9厘米，宽1-2毫米，两面或仅上面有柔毛，通常卷折成针状。总状花序长3-6厘米，宽约1.5厘米，通常具有偏向一侧的小穗，花序轴有柔毛；小穗柄长1-3毫米，被短糙毛，先端膨大，基部扭曲具关节，成熟时便与小穗自其主轴上脱落；小穗质厚，线状长圆形，含4-8小花，长4-8毫米，宽2-2.5毫米；颖短小，具1脉，第一颖长1-1.5毫米，先端截平，第二颖长2-2.5毫米，先端钝圆；外稃卵形，边缘稍薄，具微纤毛，先端锐尖，具3脉，第一外稃长约2.5毫米；内稃短于外稃，先端钝，脊具翼，翼缘具微纤毛；花药长0.5-1毫米。花果期6-11月。
产云南、四川；多生于平地。中亚细亚有分布。模式标本采自云南大理附近。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Harpachne harpachnoides (Hackel) B. S. Sun & S. Wang
镰稃草 lian fu cao
Eragrostis harpachnoides Hackel, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 52: 306. 1902.
Culms 15–30 cm tall, ca. 1 mm in diam., 3–4-noded. Leaf sheaths pilose along margins and at mouth, otherwise glabrous; leaf blades stiff, narrowly linear or involute, 2–9 × 0.1–0.2 cm, glabrous, apex acute; ligule ca. 0.5 mm. Inflorescence 3–7 × ca. 1.5 cm; rachis pilose; pedicels 1.5–3 mm. Spikelets narrowly oblong to elliptic-oblong, 4–8 × 1.5–2.5 mm, florets 4–8, imbri-cate, slightly decreasing in length toward spikelet apex; glumes linear-oblong, keel scabrid; lower glume 1–1.5 mm, truncate; upper glume 2–2.5 mm, obtuse; lemmas lanceolate with straight keel, lowest ca. 2.5 mm, minutely puberulous, apex abruptly acute to apiculate; palea keels winged, wing margins ciliolate, apex obtuse. Anthers 0.5–1 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Nov.
* Open places. Sichuan, Yunnan.
The other two species of Harpachne occur in tropical Africa and have longer spikelets (8–20 mm). The common H. schimperi A. Richard is clearly distinguished from H. harpachnoides by its wedge-shaped spikelets, in which the lemmas increase in length upward with acuminate-aristate tips.