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球穗草Hackelochloa grannlaris (Linn.) Kuntze

球穗草Hackelochloa grannlaris (Linn.) Kuntze

别名:pitscale grass;球颖草;亥氏草;珠穗草;

科名:禾本科 Gramineae

属名:球穗草属 Hackelochloa

《中国植物志》第10(2)卷278页
  1. 球穗草(中国高等植物图鉴) 亥氏草(禾本科图说),珠穗草(海南植物志) 图版70:1-3;79:2
  Hackelochloa granularis (Linn.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 776. 1891; 中国主要植物图说·禾本科 810. 图761. 1959; Bor, Grass. Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 159. 1960; 中国高等植物图鉴 5: 197. 图7223. 1976; 海南植物志 4: 465. 图1252. 1977; 台湾植物志 5: 655. 图1466. 1977. ——Cenchrus granularis Linn. Mant. Pl. App. 575. 1771. ——Manisuris granularis (Linn.) Linn. f. Nav. Gram. Gen. 40. f. 4-7. 1779.
  一年生草本。秆直立,多分枝,高20-100厘米,直径2-3毫米,无毛或被稀疏疣基毛。叶鞘被疣基糙毛;叶舌短,膜质,边缘具纤毛;叶片线状披针形,长5-15厘米,宽约1厘米,两面被疣基毛,先端渐尖,基部近心形。总状花序纤弱,下部常藏于顶生叶鞘中,其柄被毛;有柄小穗与无柄小穗分别交互排列于序轴一侧而成两行。无柄小穗半球形,直径约1毫米,成熟后黄绿色;第一颖背面具方格状窝穴;第二颖厚膜质,3脉,嵌入第一颖腹面的凹槽并包裹序轴节间;第一小花仅存膜质外稃;第二小花两性,稃膜质,雄蕊3,花药紫红色,长仅0.6毫米。有柄小穗卵形,长1.5-2毫米,第一颖纸质,4脉,背部扁平,两侧之翅约等宽;第二颖舟形,5脉,脊上具翅。花果期自夏季至初冬。
  产于云南、四川、贵州、广西、广东、福建、台湾等省区;多生于路边草丛和山坡上。全球热带均有分布。模式标本采自印度。
  本种为极普通的饲料植物。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Hackelochloa granularis  (Linnaeus) Kuntze
球穗草   qiu sui cao
Cenchrus granularis Linnaeus, Mant. Pl. 2: 575. 1771; Manisuris granularis (Linnaeus) Linnaeus f.; Mnesithea granu-laris (Linnaeus) de Koning & Sosef; Rottboellia granularis (Linnaeus) Roberty.
Annual. Culms tufted, erect, up to 60 cm tall, branched from base. Leaf sheaths loose, slightly inflated, keeled; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, 5–20 × 0.4–1 cm, coarsely hispid, base subamplexicaul, apex subacute; ligule ca. 1 mm. Racemes 0.7–1.5(–2) cm; peduncle often pubescent; rachis internodes 1–1.5(–2) mm. Sessile spikelet 1–1.5 mm, usually cream-colored at maturity; lower glume hemispherical, coarsely reticulate-rugose, pits shallow and separated by broad rounded ribs, the whole surface finely granular; upper glume hyaline below, thickening upward toward the crested apex; lower lemma hyaline; upper lemma hyaline, ca. 1.1 mm, upper palea as long. Pedicelled spikelet 1.5–2.5 mm, glumes with prominent green veins and whitish wings. Fl. and fr. Jun–Oct. 2n = 14.
Arable land, open grassy places; 100–1000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [throughout the tropics].

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