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抽筒竹Gelidocalamus tessellatus Wen et C. C. Chang

抽筒竹Gelidocalamus tessellatus Wen et C. C. Chang

科名:禾本科 Gramineae

属名:井冈寒竹属 Gelidocalamus

《中国植物志》第9(1)卷626页
  5.抽筒竹(竹子研究汇刊)图版190
  Gelidocalamus tessellatus Wen et C. C. Chang in Journ. Bamb. Res. 1(1): 24. pl. 2. 1982; C. D. Chu et C. S. Chao in Journ. Nanjing Inst. For. 1984 (2): 73. f. 1. 1984; 广西竹种及其栽培102页. 图55. 1987.
  竿高2-3米,粗1厘米许,幼竿绿带紫色,密被白色绒毛,尤以节下方为甚,老竿被有稀疏硬毛;节间长20-48厘米,最长可达65厘米,有中空,圆柱形,在分枝一侧的近基部扁平;竿环稍隆起;节内长4-7毫来;竿每节分3-12枝,枝均纤细,具2或3节,不再分枝,枝箨近宿存。竿箨宿存;箨鞘革质,背部疏生短刺毛,近基部处还被淡黄色绒毛,并有紫褐色方形小块斑,边缘具纤毛,先端有白色绒毛;无箨耳,偶有少数条直立的繸毛;箨舌低拱形,表面被细柔毛,先端有纤毛;箨片锥状,具尖锐头。每枝仅具一叶;叶片阔披针形,长19-23厘米,宽20-32毫米,基部钝圆或渐尖,左右不对称,先端急尖延伸,两边缘均光滑或有一边缘具锯齿,次脉7对,下表面粉绿色,中脉两边具细毛,近基部处尤甚,两面均可见小横脉。大型圆锥花序顶生,长13-20厘米,花序下部分枝平展;小穗绿色,长6-10毫米,具3-5朵小花;小穗柄长5-7毫米,纤细;小穗轴被细柔毛;颖2,第一颖长2毫米,仅具1中脉,第二颖长4毫米,具5脉;外稃长4毫米,具7脉;内稃与外稃等长,背部具2脊,无脉;鳞被卵状,无脉纹;花柱2。笋期7-10月。
  产广西和贵州低海拔山地,多生于林下。模式标本采自贵州荔波县茂兰甲介。
  笋味可口,竹材可作竹器或编篱之用。
种中文名:抽筒竹
种拉丁名:Gelidocalamus tessellatus Wen et C. C. Chang
种别名  :
属中文名:井冈寒竹属
属拉丁名:Gelidocalamus
本属特征:灌木状,地下茎复轴型。秆直立,节间圆筒形,无沟槽。一节具7—12分枝,簇生,小枝纤细,仅具2—3节,各小枝通常仅具1叶;叶柄直接生于小枝顶端,枝箨较节间长,冬季出笋,秆箨宿存,箨耳存在或缺如,箨片短锥状,箨舌极短,孤形或截状;叶片披针形至阔披针形,先端急尖,呈尾状延伸,两面均可见小横脉。大圆锥花序为真花序。小穗轴扁平,小穗具3—5花,甚小;颖22枚;外稃具脊,先端渐尖延伸;内稃较外稃长,先端截状,无纵脉;鳞被3,卵状;雄蕊3,花丝分离;子房卵状,柱头2。多种属。
本属生境:生于林下、溪边、常自成纯林。海拔200—1200米。
本属分布:湖南:宁远、资兴、靖县。江西:井冈山。广西:融水。贵州:荔波、赤水。台湾:南投、台北。浙江:江山。广东:郁南、信宜。地图234.
科中文名:禾本科
科拉丁名:Gramineae
本科概述:该科为被子植物的最大科之一。约有660属,9000种,广布于全世界。我国约有230属,1500种,分布于全国各地,其中15属为我国特有属。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Gelidocalamus tessellatus  T. H. Wen & C. C. Chang
抽筒竹   chou tong zhu
Culms 2–3 m, to 1 cm in diam.; internodes initially purple-green, 20–40(–65) cm, initially densely tomentose, sparsely setose in age; nodes slightly prominent. Culm sheaths pale yellow, with purple-brown streaks, sparsely setose, tomentose near base, margins ciliate, apex tomentose; auricles absent; oral setae few, erect; ligule arcuate, short, pubescent, apex ciliolate; blade triangular, sharply pointed. Leaves 1 per ultimate branch; blade broadly lanceolate, 19–23 × 2–3.2 cm, abaxially pubescent near midrib, proximally densely so, secondary veins 7-paired, asymmetrical, margins entire or one side serrulate. Inflorescence paniculate, terminal, 13–20 cm, lower branches horizontal. Spikelets green, 6–8 mm; pedicel 5–7 mm, slender; florets 3–5; rachilla pubescent. Glumes 2; lemma ca. 4 mm, 7-veined; palea about as long as lemma, not veined; lodicules ovate, not veined. Styles 2. New shoots Jun–Oct.
* Undergrowth in hardwood forests on low hills. Guangxi, Guizhou.
Gelidocalamus subsolidus W. T. Lin & Z. J. Feng (Guihaia 10: 18. 1990), based on a specimen collected in Guangdong (Xinyi), may be a synonym of this species.

The shoots are delicious, and the culms are split for weaving.

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