孔雀稗Echinochloa cruspavonis (H. B. K.) Schult.
孔雀稗Echinochloa cruspavonis (H. B. K.) Schult.
3. 孔雀稗（禾本科图说）图版78：5-8
Echinochloa cruspavonis (H. B. K.) Schult. Mantissa 2: 269. 1824; Hitchc. Man. Grass. Unit. Stat. 715. 859. 1950; Bor, Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 310. 1960.——Oplismenus cruspavonis H. B. K. Nov. Gen et Sp. 1: 108. 1816. ——Echinochloa crusgalli var. cruspavonis (H. B. K. ) Hitchc. in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22. 148: 1920;中国主要植物图说 禾本科673. 1959, 一部分; 华东禾本科植物志191. 1962, 一部分; 海南植物志4: 419. 1977, 一部分; 秦岭植物志1: 168, 1976, 一部分.
秆粗壮，基部倾斜而节上生根，高120-180厘米。叶鞘疏松裹秆，光滑，无毛；叶舌缺；叶片扁平，线形，长10-40厘米，宽1-1.5厘米，两面无毛，边缘增厚而粗糙。圆锥花序下垂，长15-25厘米，分枝上再具小枝；小穗卵状披针形，长2-2.5毫米，带紫色，脉上无疣基毛；第一颖三角形，长为小穗1/3-2/5，具3脉；第二颖与小穗等长，顶端有小尖头，具5脉，脉上具硬刺毛；第二小花通常中性，其外稃草质，顶端具长1-1.5厘米的芒，具5-7脉，脉上具刺毛；第二外稃革质，平滑光亮，顶端具小尖头，边缘包卷同质的内稃，内稃顶端外露；鳞被2，折叠；花柱基分离。颖果椭圆形，长约2毫米；胚长为颖果的2/3。染色体2n=36（Parodi, 1964），54（Singh D．N．，Grdward, 1960）。
产贵州、福建、广东、海南等省；多生于沼泽地或水沟边。分布全世界热带地区。模式标本采自南美之委内瑞拉。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Echinochloa cruspavonis (Kunth) Schultes
孔雀稗 kong que bai
Oplismenus cruspavonis Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1: 108. 1815 ["1816"]; Echinochloa crusgalli (Linnaeus) P. Beauvois var. cruspa-vonis (Kunth) Hitchcock; Panicum cruspavonis (Kunth) Nees.
Perennial or rarely annual. Culms robust, usually decumbent at base and forming a large clump, 1.2–1.8 m tall. Leaf sheaths loose, smooth and glabrous; leaf blades linear, lush, 10–40 × 1–1.5 cm, glabrous, midrib broad and white, margins harshly scabrous. Inflorescence nodding, large, loose, 15–25 cm; branches mostly compound, spikelets many, crowded on secondary branchlets. Spikelets purple-tinged, ovate-lanceolate, 2–3 mm, hispid on veins, the hairs not tubercle-based; lower glume 1/3–2/5 as long as spikelet; upper glume rostrate; lower lemma sterile, herbaceous, 5–7-veined, with a stout, 1–1.5 cm awn; upper lemma 2–2.5 mm. Fl. and fr. summer–autumn. 2n = 36, 54.
Streamsides and other damp places. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Shaanxi, Sichuan [throughout the tropics].
This is a segregate from Echinochloa crusgalli with a larger, more branched inflorescence and smaller spikelets.
别名：Eehinoehloa cruspavonis
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：稗属 Echinochloa
3. 孔雀稗（禾本科图说）图版78：5-8
Echinochloa cruspavonis (H. B. K.) Schult. Mantissa 2: 269. 1824; Hitchc. Man. Grass. Unit. Stat. 715. 859. 1950; Bor, Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 310. 1960.——Oplismenus cruspavonis H. B. K. Nov. Gen et Sp. 1: 108. 1816. ——Echinochloa crusgalli var. cruspavonis (H. B. K. ) Hitchc. in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 22. 148: 1920;中国主要植物图说 禾本科673. 1959, 一部分; 华东禾本科植物志191. 1962, 一部分; 海南植物志4: 419. 1977, 一部分; 秦岭植物志1: 168, 1976, 一部分.
秆粗壮，基部倾斜而节上生根，高120-180厘米。叶鞘疏松裹秆，光滑，无毛；叶舌缺；叶片扁平，线形，长10-40厘米，宽1-1.5厘米，两面无毛，边缘增厚而粗糙。圆锥花序下垂，长15-25厘米，分枝上再具小枝；小穗卵状披针形，长2-2.5毫米，带紫色，脉上无疣基毛；第一颖三角形，长为小穗1/3-2/5，具3脉；第二颖与小穗等长，顶端有小尖头，具5脉，脉上具硬刺毛；第二小花通常中性，其外稃草质，顶端具长1-1.5厘米的芒，具5-7脉，脉上具刺毛；第二外稃革质，平滑光亮，顶端具小尖头，边缘包卷同质的内稃，内稃顶端外露；鳞被2，折叠；花柱基分离。颖果椭圆形，长约2毫米；胚长为颖果的2/3。染色体2n=36（Parodi, 1964），54（Singh D．N．，Grdward, 1960）。
产贵州、福建、广东、海南等省；多生于沼泽地或水沟边。分布全世界热带地区。模式标本采自南美之委内瑞拉。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Echinochloa cruspavonis (Kunth) Schultes
孔雀稗 kong que bai
Oplismenus cruspavonis Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1: 108. 1815 ["1816"]; Echinochloa crusgalli (Linnaeus) P. Beauvois var. cruspa-vonis (Kunth) Hitchcock; Panicum cruspavonis (Kunth) Nees.
Perennial or rarely annual. Culms robust, usually decumbent at base and forming a large clump, 1.2–1.8 m tall. Leaf sheaths loose, smooth and glabrous; leaf blades linear, lush, 10–40 × 1–1.5 cm, glabrous, midrib broad and white, margins harshly scabrous. Inflorescence nodding, large, loose, 15–25 cm; branches mostly compound, spikelets many, crowded on secondary branchlets. Spikelets purple-tinged, ovate-lanceolate, 2–3 mm, hispid on veins, the hairs not tubercle-based; lower glume 1/3–2/5 as long as spikelet; upper glume rostrate; lower lemma sterile, herbaceous, 5–7-veined, with a stout, 1–1.5 cm awn; upper lemma 2–2.5 mm. Fl. and fr. summer–autumn. 2n = 36, 54.
Streamsides and other damp places. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Shaanxi, Sichuan [throughout the tropics].
This is a segregate from Echinochloa crusgalli with a larger, more branched inflorescence and smaller spikelets.