龙爪茅Dactyloctenium aegyptium (Linn.) Beauv.
龙爪茅Dactyloctenium aegyptium (Linn.) Beauv.
1．龙爪茅（岭南科学期刊）图版19
Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Beauv. Ess. Agrost. Expl. Pl. 15. 1812: Bor, Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 489. 1960; 华东禾本科植物志127. 图75. 1962; 台湾的禾草383. 图87. 1975: 海南植物志4: 384. 图1192. 1977: 台湾植物志5: 471. 1978. ——Cynosurus aegyptius L. Sp. Pl. 72. 1753. ——Eleusine aegyptia (L.) Desf. Fl. Atlant. 1: 85. 1798. ——Eleusine pectinata Moench, Meth. Pl. Suppl. 68. 1802. ——Chloris mucronata Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 59. 1803. ——Dactyloctenium aegyptiacum Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 1029. 1809; 中国主要植物图说 禾本科458. 图390. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 140. 图7109. 1976. ——Dactyloctenium mucronatum Willd. l. c. 1029. 1809. ——Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Richt. Pl. Europaeae 1:68. 1890; Hitchc. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 7:204. 1931; 广州植物志792. 图398. 1956.
一年生草本。秆直立，高15-60厘米，或基部横卧地面，于节处生根且分枝。叶鞘松弛，边缘被柔毛；叶舌膜质，长1-2毫米，顶端具纤毛；叶片扁平，长5-18厘米，宽2-6毫米，顶端尖或渐尖，两面被疣基毛。穗状花序2-7个指状排列于秆顶，长1-4厘米，宽3-6毫米；小穗长3-4毫米，含3小花；第一颖沿脊龙骨状凸起上具短硬纤毛，第二颖顶端具短芒，芒长1-2毫米；外稃中脉成脊，脊上被短硬毛，第一外稃长约3毫米；有近等长的内稃，其顶端2裂，背部具2脊，背缘有翼，翼缘具细纤毛；鳞被2，楔形，折叠，具5脉。囊果球状，长约1毫米。染色体2n=20（Gould, 1960），36（Krishnaswamy, 1934等），40（Tateoka, 1965)，48 （ABдynoв, 1928等）。花果期5-10月。
产华东、华南和中南等各省区；多生于山坡或草地。全世界热带及亚热带地区均有。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Dactyloctenium aegyptium (Linnaeus) Willdenow
龙爪茅 long zhao mao
Cynosurus aegyptius Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 72. 1753; Chlo-ris mucronata Michaux; Eleusine aegyptia (Linnaeus) Desfontaines; E. pectinata Moench, nom. illeg. superfl.
Annual. Culms slender to moderately robust, geniculately ascending to shortly stoloniferous and mat-forming, infrequently erect, 15–60 cm tall. Leaf sheaths with ciliate margin; leaf blades flat, 5–20 × 0.2–0.6 cm, tuberculate-pilose on both surfaces, apex acute or acuminate; ligule membranous, 1–2 mm, margin ciliate. Inflorescence digitate, racemes 2–9, linear to narrowly oblong, often radiating horizontally. Spikelets broadly ovate, 3–4.5 mm, florets 3–4; lower glume narrowly lanceolate, keel thick, hispidulous; upper glume elliptic to narrowly obovate, keel smooth, extended into a stout scabrid awn 1/2–2 times length of glume body; lemmas ovate, 2.6–4 mm, keel gibbous, hispidulous above middle, often extended into a stout cusp; palea equal to lemma, keels winged, wings ciliolate, tip 2-toothed. Grain ca. 1 mm, broadly obtriangular, transversely rugose. Fl. and fr. May–Oct. 2n = 20, 36, 40, 48.
Disturbed weedy places, especially on sandy soils. Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [tropical and warm-temperate regions of the Old World; introduced to America and Europe].
Willdenow misspelled the specific epithet as "aegyptiacus," but this is simply an orthographical error, and does not affect the valid publication of the combination.
This is a widely distributed, annual weed.
别名：Egyptian grass;油草;野掌草;风车草;竹目草;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：龙爪茅属 Dactyloctenium
1．龙爪茅（岭南科学期刊）图版19
Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Beauv. Ess. Agrost. Expl. Pl. 15. 1812: Bor, Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 489. 1960; 华东禾本科植物志127. 图75. 1962; 台湾的禾草383. 图87. 1975: 海南植物志4: 384. 图1192. 1977: 台湾植物志5: 471. 1978. ——Cynosurus aegyptius L. Sp. Pl. 72. 1753. ——Eleusine aegyptia (L.) Desf. Fl. Atlant. 1: 85. 1798. ——Eleusine pectinata Moench, Meth. Pl. Suppl. 68. 1802. ——Chloris mucronata Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 59. 1803. ——Dactyloctenium aegyptiacum Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 1029. 1809; 中国主要植物图说 禾本科458. 图390. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 140. 图7109. 1976. ——Dactyloctenium mucronatum Willd. l. c. 1029. 1809. ——Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Richt. Pl. Europaeae 1:68. 1890; Hitchc. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 7:204. 1931; 广州植物志792. 图398. 1956.
一年生草本。秆直立，高15-60厘米，或基部横卧地面，于节处生根且分枝。叶鞘松弛，边缘被柔毛；叶舌膜质，长1-2毫米，顶端具纤毛；叶片扁平，长5-18厘米，宽2-6毫米，顶端尖或渐尖，两面被疣基毛。穗状花序2-7个指状排列于秆顶，长1-4厘米，宽3-6毫米；小穗长3-4毫米，含3小花；第一颖沿脊龙骨状凸起上具短硬纤毛，第二颖顶端具短芒，芒长1-2毫米；外稃中脉成脊，脊上被短硬毛，第一外稃长约3毫米；有近等长的内稃，其顶端2裂，背部具2脊，背缘有翼，翼缘具细纤毛；鳞被2，楔形，折叠，具5脉。囊果球状，长约1毫米。染色体2n=20（Gould, 1960），36（Krishnaswamy, 1934等），40（Tateoka, 1965)，48 （ABдynoв, 1928等）。花果期5-10月。
产华东、华南和中南等各省区；多生于山坡或草地。全世界热带及亚热带地区均有。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Dactyloctenium aegyptium (Linnaeus) Willdenow
龙爪茅 long zhao mao
Cynosurus aegyptius Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 72. 1753; Chlo-ris mucronata Michaux; Eleusine aegyptia (Linnaeus) Desfontaines; E. pectinata Moench, nom. illeg. superfl.
Annual. Culms slender to moderately robust, geniculately ascending to shortly stoloniferous and mat-forming, infrequently erect, 15–60 cm tall. Leaf sheaths with ciliate margin; leaf blades flat, 5–20 × 0.2–0.6 cm, tuberculate-pilose on both surfaces, apex acute or acuminate; ligule membranous, 1–2 mm, margin ciliate. Inflorescence digitate, racemes 2–9, linear to narrowly oblong, often radiating horizontally. Spikelets broadly ovate, 3–4.5 mm, florets 3–4; lower glume narrowly lanceolate, keel thick, hispidulous; upper glume elliptic to narrowly obovate, keel smooth, extended into a stout scabrid awn 1/2–2 times length of glume body; lemmas ovate, 2.6–4 mm, keel gibbous, hispidulous above middle, often extended into a stout cusp; palea equal to lemma, keels winged, wings ciliolate, tip 2-toothed. Grain ca. 1 mm, broadly obtriangular, transversely rugose. Fl. and fr. May–Oct. 2n = 20, 36, 40, 48.
Disturbed weedy places, especially on sandy soils. Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [tropical and warm-temperate regions of the Old World; introduced to America and Europe].
Willdenow misspelled the specific epithet as "aegyptiacus," but this is simply an orthographical error, and does not affect the valid publication of the combination.
This is a widely distributed, annual weed.