格兰马草Bouteloua gracilis (H. B. K.) Lag. ex Steud.
格兰马草Bouteloua gracilis (H. B. K.) Lag. ex Steud.
2.格兰马草（禾本科检索表）图版21：4-7
Bouteloua gracilis (H. B. K.) Lag. ex Steud. Nom. Bot. ed, 2(1): 219. 1840; Hitchc. Man. Grass. Unit. Stat. 540. f. 786. 1950; 中国主要植物图说 禾本科463.图397. 1959; Bor, Grass. Burro. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 464. 1960. ——Chondrosium gracile H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1: 176. t. 58. 1816.
多年生草本。秆丛生，直立，高20-60厘米。叶鞘光滑，紧密裹茎；叶舌短小，呈长不逾1毫米的柔毛；叶片狭长，扁平或稍卷折，长20-30厘米，宽1-2毫米，上面微粗糙，下面光滑。穗状花序通常2个，稀1-3个或更多，长2.5-5厘米，成熟时镰形弯曲，穗轴不延伸至顶生小穗之后；小穗长5-6毫米，紧密地栉齿状排列成2行，小穗轴脱节于颖之上；颖窄披针形，具1脉，宿存；第一颖长约3.5毫米；第二颖长3.5-6毫米，脊上可疏生长疣毛；第一外稃背面具柔毛，长5-5.5毫米，顶端2裂，3脉各延伸成短芒，基盘具长柔毛；内稃具2脊，稍短于外稃，不孕外稃退化，长约2毫米，深裂至基部，基部具长柔毛，顶端具3芒，芒长约5毫米。染色体2n=28，35，42，61，77（Fults，1942）。
原产中美洲，我国引入试种为牧草。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Bouteloua gracilis (Kunth) Lagasca ex Griffiths
格兰马草 ge lan ma cao
Chondrosum gracile Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 176. 1815 ["1816"]; Actinochloa gracilis (Kunth) Willdenow ex Roemer & Schultes; Atheropogon gracilis (Kunth) Sprengel; Eutriana gracilis (Kunth) Trinius.
Perennial. Culms densely tufted, erect, 15–60 cm tall. Leaf sheaths glabrous, in tight bundles at culm base; leaf blades flat or involute, 3–10 cm, 1–2 mm wide, usually glabrous. Inflorescence of (1 or)2(–4) distant racemes; racemes 2.5–5 cm, falcate at maturity, persistent, spikelets numerous, densely crowded, pectinate; rachis not extendedbeyond uppermost spikelet. Spikelets 5–6 mm; glumes lanceolate, persistent; lower glume linear-lanceolate, ca. 3.5 mm; upper glume lanceolate, 3.5–6 mm, sparsely villous on keel; lemma of fertile floret 5–5.5 mm, dorsally villous, lateral veins extended into 3 short awns at apex, intermediate lobes acute; 2nd floret ca. 2 mm, densely long-villous at rachilla apex, cleft to the base, lobes rounded, awns 3, scabrous, ca. 5 mm; 1 or 2 additional broad awnless rudiments sometimes present. Fl. and fr. summer to autumn. 2n = 28, 35, 42, 61, 77.
Cultivated in China [native to North America (including Mexico)].
This is a valuable forage grass native to the North American prairie (Blue Grama).
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：格兰马草属 Bouteloua
2.格兰马草（禾本科检索表）图版21：4-7
Bouteloua gracilis (H. B. K.) Lag. ex Steud. Nom. Bot. ed, 2(1): 219. 1840; Hitchc. Man. Grass. Unit. Stat. 540. f. 786. 1950; 中国主要植物图说 禾本科463.图397. 1959; Bor, Grass. Burro. Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 464. 1960. ——Chondrosium gracile H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1: 176. t. 58. 1816.
多年生草本。秆丛生，直立，高20-60厘米。叶鞘光滑，紧密裹茎；叶舌短小，呈长不逾1毫米的柔毛；叶片狭长，扁平或稍卷折，长20-30厘米，宽1-2毫米，上面微粗糙，下面光滑。穗状花序通常2个，稀1-3个或更多，长2.5-5厘米，成熟时镰形弯曲，穗轴不延伸至顶生小穗之后；小穗长5-6毫米，紧密地栉齿状排列成2行，小穗轴脱节于颖之上；颖窄披针形，具1脉，宿存；第一颖长约3.5毫米；第二颖长3.5-6毫米，脊上可疏生长疣毛；第一外稃背面具柔毛，长5-5.5毫米，顶端2裂，3脉各延伸成短芒，基盘具长柔毛；内稃具2脊，稍短于外稃，不孕外稃退化，长约2毫米，深裂至基部，基部具长柔毛，顶端具3芒，芒长约5毫米。染色体2n=28，35，42，61，77（Fults，1942）。
原产中美洲，我国引入试种为牧草。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Bouteloua gracilis (Kunth) Lagasca ex Griffiths
格兰马草 ge lan ma cao
Chondrosum gracile Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 176. 1815 ["1816"]; Actinochloa gracilis (Kunth) Willdenow ex Roemer & Schultes; Atheropogon gracilis (Kunth) Sprengel; Eutriana gracilis (Kunth) Trinius.
Perennial. Culms densely tufted, erect, 15–60 cm tall. Leaf sheaths glabrous, in tight bundles at culm base; leaf blades flat or involute, 3–10 cm, 1–2 mm wide, usually glabrous. Inflorescence of (1 or)2(–4) distant racemes; racemes 2.5–5 cm, falcate at maturity, persistent, spikelets numerous, densely crowded, pectinate; rachis not extendedbeyond uppermost spikelet. Spikelets 5–6 mm; glumes lanceolate, persistent; lower glume linear-lanceolate, ca. 3.5 mm; upper glume lanceolate, 3.5–6 mm, sparsely villous on keel; lemma of fertile floret 5–5.5 mm, dorsally villous, lateral veins extended into 3 short awns at apex, intermediate lobes acute; 2nd floret ca. 2 mm, densely long-villous at rachilla apex, cleft to the base, lobes rounded, awns 3, scabrous, ca. 5 mm; 1 or 2 additional broad awnless rudiments sometimes present. Fl. and fr. summer to autumn. 2n = 28, 35, 42, 61, 77.
Cultivated in China [native to North America (including Mexico)].
This is a valuable forage grass native to the North American prairie (Blue Grama).