佛肚竹Bambusa ventricosa McClure

别名：小佛肚竹;罗汉竹;结头竹;葫芦竹;胡芦竹;大肚竹;凸肚竹;密节竹;佛竹;佛肚;

科名：禾本科 Gramineae

属名：簕竹属 Bambusa

《中国植物志》第9(1)卷070页
  19.佛肚竹（广东）佛竹（广东）图版15：1-12
  Bambusa ventricosa McClure in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 17 (1): 57. pl. 5. 1938; 广州植物志770页. 1956; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学 (补编) 10页. 1953; 中国主要植物图说·禾本科58页, 图40. 1959; 海南植物志4: 354页. 1957; Fl. Taiwan 5: 764. pl. 1511. 1978.香港竹谱52页. 1985; 广西竹种及其栽培45页, 图25. 1987; 中国竹谱37页. 1988.——Leleba ventricosa (McCluie) W. C. Lin in Inform. Taiwan For. Res. Inst. 150: 1305. f. 1. 1963——Bambusa ventricosa McClure cv. Nana Wen in Journ. Bamb. Res. 4 (2): 18. 1985.
  竿二型：正常竿高8-10米，直径3-5厘米，尾梢略下弯，下部稍呈“之”字形曲折；节间圆柱形，长30-35厘米，幼时无白蜡粉，光滑无毛，下部略微肿胀；竿下部各节于箨环之上下方各环生一圈灰白色绢毛，基部第一、二节上还生有短气根；分枝常自竿基部第三、四节开始，各节具1-3枝，其枝上的小枝有时短缩为软刺，竿中上部各节为数至多枝簇生，其中有3枝较为粗长。畸形竿通常高25-50厘米，直径1-2厘米，节间短缩而其基部肿胀，呈瓶状，长2-3厘米；竿下部各节于箨环之上下方各环生一圈灰白色绢毛带；分枝习性稍高，且常为单枝，均无刺，其节间稍短缩而明显肿胀。箨鞘早落，背面完全无毛，干时纵肋显著隆起，先端为近于对称的宽拱形或近截形；箨耳不相等，边缘具弯曲繸毛，大耳狭卵形至卵状披针形，宽5-6毫米，小耳卵形，宽3-5毫米；箨舌高0.5-1毫米，边缘被极短的细流苏状毛；箨片直立或外展，易脱落，卵形至卵状披针形，基部稍作心形收窄，其宽度稍窄于箨鞘之先端。叶鞘无毛；叶耳卵形或镰刀形，边缘具数条波曲繸毛；叶舌极矮，近截形，边缘被极短细纤毛；叶片线状披针形至披针形，长9-18厘米，宽1-2厘米，上表面无毛，下表面密生短柔毛，先端渐尖具钻状尖头，基部近圆形或宽楔形。假小穗单生或以数枚簇生于花枝各节，线状披针形，稍扁，长3-4厘米；先出叶宽卵形，长2.5-3毫米，具2脊，脊上被短纤毛，先端钝；具芽苞片1或2片，狭卵形，长约4-5毫米，13-15脉，先端急尖；小穗含两性小花6-8朵，其中基部1或2朵和顶生2或3朵小花常为不孕性；小穗轴节间形扁，长2-3毫米，顶端膨大呈杯状，其边缘被短纤毛，颖常无或仅1片，卵状椭圆形，长6.5-8毫米，具15-17脉，先端急尖；外稃无毛，卵状椭圆形，长约9-11毫米，具19-21脉，脉间具小横脉，先端急尖；内稃与外稃近等长，具2脊，脊近顶端处被短纤毛，脊间与脊外两侧均各具4脉，先端渐尖，顶端具一小簇白色柔毛；鳞被3，长约2毫米，边缘上部被长纤毛，前方两片形状稍不对称，后方1片宽椭圆形；花丝细长，花药黄色，长6毫米，先端钝；子房具柄，宽卵形，长1-1.2毫米，顶端增厚而被毛，花柱极短，被毛，柱头3分，长约6毫米，羽毛状。颖果未见。
  产广东，现我国南方各地以及亚洲的马来西亚和美洲均有引种栽培。模式标本采自广州。
  本种常作盆栽，施以人工截顶培植，形成畸形植株以供观赏；在地上种植时则形成高大竹丛，偶尔在正常竿中也长出少数畸形竿。
  经查阅小佛肚竹B. ventricosa cv. Nana的主模式标本，温太辉85501 （Holotyp.，ZJFI)，证实它和佛肚竹B. ventricosa McClure完全一样，且其描述中所强调的区分特征，也与F. A. McClure在原始描述中所述及的特征相同，故应予合并。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Bambusa ventricosa  McClure
佛肚竹   fo du zhu
Leleba ventricosa (McClure) W. C. Lin.
Culms dimorphic; normal culms 8–10 m, 3–5 cm in diam., basally flexuose, apically slightly drooping; internodes 30–35 cm, basally slightly swollen, not white powdery, initially glabrous; lower nodes with rings of gray-white silky hairs below and above sheath scar; branching from 3rd or 4th node up, basal 1 or 2 nodes also with short aerial roots; branches 1–3 on lower nodes; branchlets of these sometimes condensed into weak thorns; branches several to many at mid-culm and upper nodes, with central 3 slightly longer and thicker. Abnormal culms (usual in potted plants) 25–50 cm, 1–2 cm in diam., internodes shortened and swollen at base, branch internodes also shortened and swollen; branches only on upper nodes, usually solitary, without thorns. Culm sheaths deciduous, obviously ribbed-striate, glabrous, apex nearly symmetrical, broadly arched or subtruncate; auricles unequal; larger auricle narrowly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 5–6 mm; smaller auricle ovate, 3–5 mm; oral setae curved; ligule 0.5–1 mm, very shortly finely fimbriate; blade deciduous, erect or recurved, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, base slightly arched, narrowed, slightly narrower than sheath apex. Leaf sheath glabrous; ligule subtruncate, very short; auricles ovate or falcate; oral setae several, curved; blade linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 9–18 × 1–2 cm, abaxially densely pubescent, adaxially glabrous. Pseudospikelets solitary or many clustered on each node, linear-lanceolate, slightly compressed, 3–4 cm; prophylls oval, 2.5–3 mm, 2-keeled, apex obtuse; gemmiferous bracts 1 or 2, narrowly ovate, 4–5 mm, 13–15-veined, apex acute; florets 6–8, basal 1 or 2 and apical 2 or 3 usually sterile; rachilla segments flat, 2–3 mm, apex inflated and cupular. Glumes absent or 1, ovate-elliptic, 6.5–8 mm, 15–17-veined, apex acute; lemma ovate-elliptic, 9–11 mm, glabrous, 19–21-veined, apex acute; palea nearly as long as lemma, ciliolate near apex, 4-veined between and on either side of keels, apex acuminate with a cluster of white hairs; lodicules 3, ca. 2 mm, margins long ciliate, anterior 2 slightly asymmetrical, posterior broadly elliptic. Filaments slender; anthers yellow, ca. 6 mm, apex obtuse. Ovary broadly ovoid, 1–1.2 mm, stalked, apex thickened and hairy; style very short, hairy; stigmas 3, ca. 6 mm. Fruit unknown.
* Guangdong.
Widely cultivated in S China as an ornamental potted plant, this bamboo is sometimes considered to be a cultivar of Bambusa tuldoides, but the flowering material on which that decision was based, collected in the United States, may not represent this species. Moreover, in China the culm sheath of B. ventricosa is substantially different from that of B. tuldoides.