日本看麦娘Alopecurus japonicus Steud.

别名：稍草;大花看麦娘;麦娘娘;麦陀陀草;

科名：禾本科 Gramineae

属名：看麦娘属 Alopecurus

《中国植物志》第9(3)卷262页
  5．日本看麦娘（禾本科图说）图版64:6-7
  Alopecurus japonicus Steud. Syn. Pl. Gram. 1: 149. 1854; Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 385. 1904; Ohwi, Fl. Japan 84. 1956;禾本科图说574.图506. 1959;江苏南部种子植物手册65. 1959;中国高等植物图鉴5:102.图7034.1976;秦岭植物志1 (1) : 131. 图103. 1976; 江苏植物志 (上) : 206.图348. 1977. ——Alopecurus agrestis auct. non Linn. : Pilgerin Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 29: 224. 1900.
  一年生。秆少数丛生，直立或基部膝曲，具3-4节，高20-50厘米。叶鞘松弛；叶舌膜质，长2-5毫米；叶片上面粗糙，下面光滑，长3-12毫米，宽3-7毫米。圆锥花序圆柱状，长3-10厘米，宽4-10毫米；小穗长圆状卵形，长5-6毫米；颖仅基部互相连合，具3脉，脊上具纤毛；外稃略长于颖，厚膜质，下部边缘互相连合，芒长8-12毫米，近稃体基部伸出，上部粗糙，中部稍膝曲；花药色淡或白色，长约1毫米。颖果半椭圆形，长2-2.5毫米。花果期2-5月。
  产广东、浙江、江苏、湖北、陕西诸省。生于海拔较低之田边及湿地。在日本、朝鲜也有分布。模式标本采自日本。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Alopecurus japonicus  Steudel
日本看麦娘   ri ben kan mai niang
Annual, tufted, often forming large clump. Culms erect or geniculately ascending, sometimes branching from lower nodes, 25–50 cm tall, 3–4-noded. Leaf sheaths lax, smooth, glabrous, upper sheaths inflated; leaf blades soft, glaucous, 3–12 cm, 3–7 mm wide, abaxial surface smooth, adaxial surface scaberulous; ligule 2–5 mm. Panicle cylindrical, 3–10 cm, yellow-green. Spikelets ovate-oblong, 4.8–7 mm; glumes herbaceous, smooth, keels wingless, stiffly ciliate, lateral veins pubescent near base or glabrous, margins connate only at extreme base, apices subacute; lemma slightly longer than glumes, herbaceous, margins connate in lower 2/5, awned from near base, apex subacute; awn exserted 5–8 mm from spikelet, weakly geniculate, column not twisted. Anthers white, ca. 1 mm. Fl. and fr. Feb–May.
Wet places; below 2000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].