尖稃草Acrachne racemosa (Heyne ex Roem. et Schult.) Ohwi
尖稃草Acrachne racemosa (Heyne ex Roem. et Schult.) Ohwi
1. 尖稃草（中国高等植物图鉴）微药假龙爪茅（植物学报9卷1期）图版10:1-2, 123：8
Acrachne racemosa (Heyne ex Roem. et Schult.) Ohwi in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 18:1. 1947;中国高等植物图鉴5: 132. 图7094. 1976;海南植物志4:380. 图1188. 1977. ——Eleusine racemosa Heyne ex Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. 2:583. 1817; Roth. Nov. Pl. Sp. 80. 1821. ——Eleusine verticillata Roxb. Fl. Ind. 1:346, 1820. ——Acrachne verticillata (Roxb.) Lindl. ex Chiov. in Ann. Instit. Bot. Roma 6:361. 1908. ——Sclerodactylon micrandrum Keng f. et L. Liou in Acta Bot. Sin. 9(1): 53. 1960, syn. nov.
一年生。秆直立或膝曲状上升，高8-23厘米，单生或基部分枝。叶鞘光滑，压扁，松弛，短于节间；叶舌膜质，边缘具纤毛；叶片狭披针形，长1.5-6厘米，宽3-8毫米，先端渐尖，上面基部常疏生疣毛。穗状花序数个至多个，在主轴上分层排列成假轮生或对生，长4-12厘米；小穗长椭圆形，无柄，两侧压扁，成熟时草黄色，长6-10毫米，有6-17小花，穗轴不延伸于顶端之外，小穗轴脱节于颖之上或小花之间，颖硬纸质或膜质，具1脉。第一颖卵状长圆形，长2-3毫米，第二颖稍大，长3-4毫米；外稃硬纸质或厚膜质，宽卵形，具3脉，长约3毫米，主脉延伸成0.5-1毫米的芒，成熟时自下而上脱落；内稃透明膜质，具2脊，迟落。囊果。秋季抽穗。
产云南西南部及海南；多生于海拔350-900米斜坡干燥地、小田坝及江边。亚洲、大洋洲、美洲的热带地区也有分布。
本植物为牲畜的优良饲料。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Acrachne racemosa (B. Heyne ex Roemer & Schultes) Ohwi
尖稃草 jian fu cao
Eleusine racemosa B. Heyne ex Roemer & Schultes, Syst. Veg. 2: 583. 1817; Acrachne verticillata (Roxburgh) Wight & Arnott ex Chiovenda; Eleusine verticillata Roxburgh; Lepto-chloa racemosa (B. Heyne ex Roemer & Schultes) Kunth; Sclero-dactylon micrandrum P. C. Keng & L. Liu.
Culms tufted, erect or geniculately ascending, 8–50 cm tall. Leaf sheaths glabrous, compressed; leaf blades narrowly lanceolate, 7–20 × 0.3–1 cm, soft, adaxial surface tuberculate-pilose at base, tapering to a setaceous apex. Inflorescence subdigitate or racemes arranged along a central axis up to 15 cm; racemes mainly grouped in pseudo-whorls or pairs, 4–12 cm, ascending. Spikelets densely imbricate, oblong with serrate outline, 6–10 mm, florets 6–20, stramineous at maturity; glumes papery-membranous; lower glume narrowly oblong, 1.2–3 mm, apex acute, mucronate; upper glume lanceolate, 1.5–3 mm, acuminate, awn-pointed; lemmas broadly ovate, 2–3 mm, keel scabrid, shallowly concave above middle and excurrent into a stout 0.5–1 mm awn-point, lateral veins also fractionally excurrent. Grain blackish, rugose, surface finely granular. Fl. and fr. autumn. 2n = 36.
Field margins, river banks; 300–900 m. Hainan, Yunnan [Afghanistan, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, SW Asia (S Arabia), N Australia, Pacific Islands; introduced in the West Indies].
This species is a good forage grass.
别名：goosegrass;微药假龙爪茅;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：尖稃草属 Acrachne
1. 尖稃草（中国高等植物图鉴）微药假龙爪茅（植物学报9卷1期）图版10:1-2, 123：8
Acrachne racemosa (Heyne ex Roem. et Schult.) Ohwi in Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 18:1. 1947;中国高等植物图鉴5: 132. 图7094. 1976;海南植物志4:380. 图1188. 1977. ——Eleusine racemosa Heyne ex Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veg. 2:583. 1817; Roth. Nov. Pl. Sp. 80. 1821. ——Eleusine verticillata Roxb. Fl. Ind. 1:346, 1820. ——Acrachne verticillata (Roxb.) Lindl. ex Chiov. in Ann. Instit. Bot. Roma 6:361. 1908. ——Sclerodactylon micrandrum Keng f. et L. Liou in Acta Bot. Sin. 9(1): 53. 1960, syn. nov.
一年生。秆直立或膝曲状上升，高8-23厘米，单生或基部分枝。叶鞘光滑，压扁，松弛，短于节间；叶舌膜质，边缘具纤毛；叶片狭披针形，长1.5-6厘米，宽3-8毫米，先端渐尖，上面基部常疏生疣毛。穗状花序数个至多个，在主轴上分层排列成假轮生或对生，长4-12厘米；小穗长椭圆形，无柄，两侧压扁，成熟时草黄色，长6-10毫米，有6-17小花，穗轴不延伸于顶端之外，小穗轴脱节于颖之上或小花之间，颖硬纸质或膜质，具1脉。第一颖卵状长圆形，长2-3毫米，第二颖稍大，长3-4毫米；外稃硬纸质或厚膜质，宽卵形，具3脉，长约3毫米，主脉延伸成0.5-1毫米的芒，成熟时自下而上脱落；内稃透明膜质，具2脊，迟落。囊果。秋季抽穗。
产云南西南部及海南；多生于海拔350-900米斜坡干燥地、小田坝及江边。亚洲、大洋洲、美洲的热带地区也有分布。
本植物为牲畜的优良饲料。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Acrachne racemosa (B. Heyne ex Roemer & Schultes) Ohwi
尖稃草 jian fu cao
Eleusine racemosa B. Heyne ex Roemer & Schultes, Syst. Veg. 2: 583. 1817; Acrachne verticillata (Roxburgh) Wight & Arnott ex Chiovenda; Eleusine verticillata Roxburgh; Lepto-chloa racemosa (B. Heyne ex Roemer & Schultes) Kunth; Sclero-dactylon micrandrum P. C. Keng & L. Liu.
Culms tufted, erect or geniculately ascending, 8–50 cm tall. Leaf sheaths glabrous, compressed; leaf blades narrowly lanceolate, 7–20 × 0.3–1 cm, soft, adaxial surface tuberculate-pilose at base, tapering to a setaceous apex. Inflorescence subdigitate or racemes arranged along a central axis up to 15 cm; racemes mainly grouped in pseudo-whorls or pairs, 4–12 cm, ascending. Spikelets densely imbricate, oblong with serrate outline, 6–10 mm, florets 6–20, stramineous at maturity; glumes papery-membranous; lower glume narrowly oblong, 1.2–3 mm, apex acute, mucronate; upper glume lanceolate, 1.5–3 mm, acuminate, awn-pointed; lemmas broadly ovate, 2–3 mm, keel scabrid, shallowly concave above middle and excurrent into a stout 0.5–1 mm awn-point, lateral veins also fractionally excurrent. Grain blackish, rugose, surface finely granular. Fl. and fr. autumn. 2n = 36.
Field margins, river banks; 300–900 m. Hainan, Yunnan [Afghanistan, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, SW Asia (S Arabia), N Australia, Pacific Islands; introduced in the West Indies].
This species is a good forage grass.