大花老鹳草Geranium himalayense Klotzsch
大花老鹳草Geranium himalayense Klotzsch
27.大花老鹳草（西藏植物志）图版15：6
Geranium himalayense Klotzsch Bot. Ergebn. Reise Prinz. Wald. Preuss. 122. 1862; Schonbeck-Temesy in K. H. Rechinger, Fl. Iran. 69: 15. 1970; H. Koba, S. Akiyama, Y. Endo and H. Ohba, Name List Fl. Pl. Gymnosp. Nepal, 227. 1994.——G. meeboldii Briq. in Ann. Cons. Jard. Bot. Geneve 11-12: 184. 1908; Bobr. in Schischk. et Bobr. Fl. URSS 14: 45. 1949; Nasir et Ali, Fl. W. Pakist. 429. 1972.——G. grandiflorum Edgew. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 22:42. 1846 (non Linn. 1753): 西藏植物志3: 7. 1986.
多年生草本，高20-30厘米。根茎短粗，斜生，具多数稍肥厚的纤维状根。茎直立，假二叉状分枝，密被开展的腺毛和短柔毛，基部围以多层残存托叶。叶基生和茎上对生；托叶披针形，长约15毫米，宽4-5毫米，外被短柔毛，边缘具腺毛；基生叶和茎下部叶具长柄，柄长为叶片的3-4倍，密被开展的腺毛；叶片5-7深裂近基部，裂片倒卵状菱形，下部狭楔形、全缘，上部一至二回羽状分裂，小裂片长卵形，先端钝圆，急尖，表面被短伏毛，背面主要沿脉密被柔毛。总花梗腋生或顶生，长于叶，密被开展的腺毛和短柔毛，具2花或有时单生；花梗与总花梗相似，等于或稍长于花，有时短于花；苞片狭披针形，长8-10毫米，宽约2毫米，外被短柔毛；萼片披针状卵形或矩圆状卵形，长12-15毫米，宽3-4毫米，先端具长约2毫米尖头，外被短柔毛；花瓣紫红色，具深紫色脉纹，辐射状开展，倒卵形，长20-25毫米，宽10-15毫米，先端钝圆，基部宽楔形，两侧边缘被柔毛；雄蕊与萼片近等长，花丝下部扩展，边缘被柔毛，花药褐色；雌蕊被柔毛。蒴果长约3厘米。花期6-7月，果期8-9月。
分布于西藏（聂拉木）。生于海拔3 700-4 400米的高山地带。印度北部、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦、阿富汗、伊朗和塔吉克斯坦皆有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 11 (2008)
Geranium himalayense Klotzsch
大花老鹳草 da hua lao guan cao
Geranium grandiflorum Edgeworth (1846), not Linnaeus (1753); G. meeboldii Briquet.
Perennials. Rootstock ± horizontal, 7.4-11 mm in diam., not tuberculate; roots unknown. Stem 9-32 cm tall, erect, not rooting at nodes, with 0.2-0.8 mm retrorse to patent nonglandular trichomes and sometimes 0.2-0.7 mm patent glandular trichomes. Stipules lanceolate, distinct. Leaves opposite; petiole with 0.2-0.6 mm retrorse to patent nonglandular trichomes and sometimes 0.2-0.8 mm patent glandular trichomes; leaf blade 2.2-3.8(-5.5) cm, palmately cleft, ratio of main sinus/middle segment length = 0.65-0.79(-0.86), pilose with appressed nonglandular trichomes; segments 5, rhombic, 2.9-9.8 mm wide at base, 8-19-lobed in distal half, ratio of second sinus/middle segment length = 0.17-0.33. Cymules solitary, 2-flowered; peduncle 2.5-10.8 cm. Pedicel 0.2-2.1 cm, with 0.2-0.5 mm patent to retrorse nonglandular trichomes and 0.2-1.2 mm patent glandular trichomes; bracteoles lanceolate. Sepals 6.7-11.3 mm, mucro 0.7-1.3(-1.9) mm, ratio of mucro/sepal length = 0.09-0.16, outside with 0.1-0.5 mm patent nonglandular trichomes and 0.3-1.1 mm patent glandular trichomes, inside glabrous. Petals deep blue to whitish, (1.2-)1.4-2.1 cm, erect to patent, both surfaces glabrous, margin basally ciliate, apex rounded. Staminal filaments purplish, lanceolate with a broadly triangular base and an abruptly narrowed apex, both sides glabrous but proximal third with 0.2-0.3 mm cilia; anthers dark blue, 1.9-2.7 mm. Nectaries 5, hemispheric, abaxially glabrous, apex with a tuft of trichomes. Stigma pink to purplish. Fruit 2.7-3 cm, reflexed when immature; mericarps smooth but usually with 1 or 2 transversal veins at apex, with a basal callus, with 0.2-0.3 mm ± appressed nonglandular trichomes and usually only apically with 0.6-0.7 mm patent glandular trichomes; rostrum 2.1-2.4 cm, with a 7-8.9 mm narrowed apex; stigmatic remains 1.9-2.2 mm. Seeds 3-3.2 mm. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Aug-Sep.
Subalpine and alpine meadows; 3700-4400 m. S and W Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, Kashmir, Nepal, Pakistan].
This species is quite similar to Geranium pratense. In addition to characters mentioned in the key, G. himalayense has leaf blades with 5 sometimes overlapped segments and relatively shorter pedicels.
别名：喜马拉雅老鹳草;
科名：牻牛儿苗科 Geraniaceae
属名：老鹳草属 Geranium
27.大花老鹳草（西藏植物志）图版15：6
Geranium himalayense Klotzsch Bot. Ergebn. Reise Prinz. Wald. Preuss. 122. 1862; Schonbeck-Temesy in K. H. Rechinger, Fl. Iran. 69: 15. 1970; H. Koba, S. Akiyama, Y. Endo and H. Ohba, Name List Fl. Pl. Gymnosp. Nepal, 227. 1994.——G. meeboldii Briq. in Ann. Cons. Jard. Bot. Geneve 11-12: 184. 1908; Bobr. in Schischk. et Bobr. Fl. URSS 14: 45. 1949; Nasir et Ali, Fl. W. Pakist. 429. 1972.——G. grandiflorum Edgew. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 22:42. 1846 (non Linn. 1753): 西藏植物志3: 7. 1986.
多年生草本，高20-30厘米。根茎短粗，斜生，具多数稍肥厚的纤维状根。茎直立，假二叉状分枝，密被开展的腺毛和短柔毛，基部围以多层残存托叶。叶基生和茎上对生；托叶披针形，长约15毫米，宽4-5毫米，外被短柔毛，边缘具腺毛；基生叶和茎下部叶具长柄，柄长为叶片的3-4倍，密被开展的腺毛；叶片5-7深裂近基部，裂片倒卵状菱形，下部狭楔形、全缘，上部一至二回羽状分裂，小裂片长卵形，先端钝圆，急尖，表面被短伏毛，背面主要沿脉密被柔毛。总花梗腋生或顶生，长于叶，密被开展的腺毛和短柔毛，具2花或有时单生；花梗与总花梗相似，等于或稍长于花，有时短于花；苞片狭披针形，长8-10毫米，宽约2毫米，外被短柔毛；萼片披针状卵形或矩圆状卵形，长12-15毫米，宽3-4毫米，先端具长约2毫米尖头，外被短柔毛；花瓣紫红色，具深紫色脉纹，辐射状开展，倒卵形，长20-25毫米，宽10-15毫米，先端钝圆，基部宽楔形，两侧边缘被柔毛；雄蕊与萼片近等长，花丝下部扩展，边缘被柔毛，花药褐色；雌蕊被柔毛。蒴果长约3厘米。花期6-7月，果期8-9月。
分布于西藏（聂拉木）。生于海拔3 700-4 400米的高山地带。印度北部、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦、阿富汗、伊朗和塔吉克斯坦皆有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 11 (2008)
Geranium himalayense Klotzsch
大花老鹳草 da hua lao guan cao
Geranium grandiflorum Edgeworth (1846), not Linnaeus (1753); G. meeboldii Briquet.
Perennials. Rootstock ± horizontal, 7.4-11 mm in diam., not tuberculate; roots unknown. Stem 9-32 cm tall, erect, not rooting at nodes, with 0.2-0.8 mm retrorse to patent nonglandular trichomes and sometimes 0.2-0.7 mm patent glandular trichomes. Stipules lanceolate, distinct. Leaves opposite; petiole with 0.2-0.6 mm retrorse to patent nonglandular trichomes and sometimes 0.2-0.8 mm patent glandular trichomes; leaf blade 2.2-3.8(-5.5) cm, palmately cleft, ratio of main sinus/middle segment length = 0.65-0.79(-0.86), pilose with appressed nonglandular trichomes; segments 5, rhombic, 2.9-9.8 mm wide at base, 8-19-lobed in distal half, ratio of second sinus/middle segment length = 0.17-0.33. Cymules solitary, 2-flowered; peduncle 2.5-10.8 cm. Pedicel 0.2-2.1 cm, with 0.2-0.5 mm patent to retrorse nonglandular trichomes and 0.2-1.2 mm patent glandular trichomes; bracteoles lanceolate. Sepals 6.7-11.3 mm, mucro 0.7-1.3(-1.9) mm, ratio of mucro/sepal length = 0.09-0.16, outside with 0.1-0.5 mm patent nonglandular trichomes and 0.3-1.1 mm patent glandular trichomes, inside glabrous. Petals deep blue to whitish, (1.2-)1.4-2.1 cm, erect to patent, both surfaces glabrous, margin basally ciliate, apex rounded. Staminal filaments purplish, lanceolate with a broadly triangular base and an abruptly narrowed apex, both sides glabrous but proximal third with 0.2-0.3 mm cilia; anthers dark blue, 1.9-2.7 mm. Nectaries 5, hemispheric, abaxially glabrous, apex with a tuft of trichomes. Stigma pink to purplish. Fruit 2.7-3 cm, reflexed when immature; mericarps smooth but usually with 1 or 2 transversal veins at apex, with a basal callus, with 0.2-0.3 mm ± appressed nonglandular trichomes and usually only apically with 0.6-0.7 mm patent glandular trichomes; rostrum 2.1-2.4 cm, with a 7-8.9 mm narrowed apex; stigmatic remains 1.9-2.2 mm. Seeds 3-3.2 mm. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Aug-Sep.
Subalpine and alpine meadows; 3700-4400 m. S and W Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, Kashmir, Nepal, Pakistan].
This species is quite similar to Geranium pratense. In addition to characters mentioned in the key, G. himalayense has leaf blades with 5 sometimes overlapped segments and relatively shorter pedicels.