假水生龙胆Gentiana pseudo-aquatica Kusnez.
假水生龙胆Gentiana pseudo-aquatica Kusnez.
200. 假水生龙胆（中国北部植物图志）图版35：9-10；5：6
Gentiana pseudo-aquatica Kusnez. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 13: 63. 1893 et 15: 388. 1904; Kom. Fl. Mansh. 3(1):268. 1905;中国北部植物图志2: 37. 图版14. 1933; Marq. in Kew Bull. 1937: 173. 1937; Kitag. in Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manch. 3: Append. 1: 359. 1939: K. S. Hao in Bot. Jahrb. 68: 629. 1938; Grossh. in Kom. Fl. URSS 18: 580. 1952; 东北植物检索表285. 1959: S. Nilsson in Grans Palyn. 7(1): 104. 1967; 中国高等植物图鉴3: 395. 1974.李昌福, 大韩植物图鉴625. 1979. ——G. burkillii H. Smith in Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 953. 1936, p. p. quoad spec. Shanxi.——G. aquatica auct. non L. : C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 14: 434. 1875, p. p. et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 110. 1883, p. p.; Franch. Pl. David. 1: 211. 1884: Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 123. 1890; Maxim. Diagn. Pl. Nov. Asiat. 8:34. 1893, p. p.——G. humilis auct. non Stev. : Kusnez. l. c. 15: 379. 1904, p. p. spec. quoad Nordchina.
一年生草本，高3-5厘米。茎紫红色或黄绿色，密被乳突，自基部多分枝，似丛生状，枝再作多次二歧分枝，铺散，斜升。叶先端钝圆或急尖，外反，边缘软骨质，具极细乳突，两面光滑，中脉软骨质，在背面突起；基生叶大，在花期枯萎，宿存，卵圆形或圆形，长3-6毫米，宽3-5毫米，叶柄宽，长1-2毫米；茎生叶疏离或密集，覆瓦状排列，倒卵形或匙形，长3-5毫米，宽2-3毫米，叶柄边缘具乳突，背面光滑，连合成长1-1.5毫米的筒。花多数，单生于小枝顶端；花梗紫红色或黄绿色，长2-13毫米，藏于上部叶中或裸露；花萼筒状漏斗形，长5-6毫米，裂片三角形，长1.5-2毫米，先端急尖，边缘膜质，狭窄，光滑，中脉在背面呈脊状突起，并下延至萼筒基部，弯缺截形；花冠深蓝色，外面常具黄绿色宽条纹，漏斗形，长9-14毫米，裂片卵形，长2-2.5毫米，先端急尖或钝，褶卵形，长1.5-2毫米，先端钝，全缘或边缘啮蚀形；雄蕊着生于冠筒中下部，整齐，花丝丝状，长3-3.5毫米，花药矩圆形，长1-1.5毫米；子房狭椭圆形，长2.5-3.5毫米，两端渐狭，柄粗而短，长1-2毫米，花柱线形，连柱头长1.5-2毫米，柱头2裂，裂片外卷，线形。蒴果外裸，倒卵状矩圆形，长3-4毫米，先端圆形，有宽翅，两侧边缘有狭翅，基部钝，柄长至18毫米；种子褐色，椭圆形，长1-1.2毫米，表面具明显的细网纹。花果期4-8月。
产西藏东部、四川、青海、甘肃、新疆、山西、河北、河南、内蒙古、东北地区。生于河滩、水沟边、山坡草地、山谷潮湿地、沼泽草甸、林间空地及林下、灌丛草甸，海拔1100-4650米。模式标本采自苏联西伯利亚。印度、苏联、蒙古、朝鲜也有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Gentiana pseudoaquatica Kusnezow
假水生龙胆 jia shui sheng long dan
Annuals 3-5 cm tall. Stems ascending, branched from base, densely papillate. Basal leaves withered at anthesis; petiole 1-2 mm; leaf blade ovate-orbicular to orbicular, 3-6 × 3-5 mm, margin distinctly cartilaginous and ciliolate, apex rounded and mucronate, midvein prominent. Stem leaves with petiole tube 1-1.5 mm, margin ciliolate; leaf blade spatulate to obovate, 3-5 × 2-3 mm, margin distinctly cartilaginous and ciliate, apex rounded, midvein abaxially prominent. Flowers few. Pedicel 2-13 mm, densely papillate. Calyx narrowly obconic, 5-6 mm; lobes triangular, 1.5-2 mm, margin narrowly membranous, apex acute, midvein prominent. Corolla dark blue, outside usually with yellow-green stripes, funnelform, 0.9-1.4 cm; lobes ovate, 2-2.5 mm, margin entire, apex acute to obtuse; plicae ovate, 1.5-2 mm, margin entire or denticulate, apex obtuse. Stamens inserted just below middle of corolla tube, equal; filaments 3-4 mm; anthers ellipsoid, 1-1.5 mm. Style 1.5-2 mm; stigma lobes linear. Capsules narrowly obovoid to obovoid, 3-4 mm; gynophore to 1.8 cm, stout. Seeds brown, ellipsoid, 1-1.2 mm. Fl. and fr. Apr-Aug.
Along streams, river banks, wet places in valleys, grassland slopes, bog meadows, scrub meadows, forests, clearings in forests; 1100-4700 m. Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Xizang [Kashmir, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
别名：鳞叶龙胆;
科名：龙胆科 Gentianaceae
属名：龙胆属 Gentiana
200. 假水生龙胆（中国北部植物图志）图版35：9-10；5：6
Gentiana pseudo-aquatica Kusnez. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 13: 63. 1893 et 15: 388. 1904; Kom. Fl. Mansh. 3(1):268. 1905;中国北部植物图志2: 37. 图版14. 1933; Marq. in Kew Bull. 1937: 173. 1937; Kitag. in Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manch. 3: Append. 1: 359. 1939: K. S. Hao in Bot. Jahrb. 68: 629. 1938; Grossh. in Kom. Fl. URSS 18: 580. 1952; 东北植物检索表285. 1959: S. Nilsson in Grans Palyn. 7(1): 104. 1967; 中国高等植物图鉴3: 395. 1974.李昌福, 大韩植物图鉴625. 1979. ——G. burkillii H. Smith in Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 953. 1936, p. p. quoad spec. Shanxi.——G. aquatica auct. non L. : C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 14: 434. 1875, p. p. et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 110. 1883, p. p.; Franch. Pl. David. 1: 211. 1884: Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 123. 1890; Maxim. Diagn. Pl. Nov. Asiat. 8:34. 1893, p. p.——G. humilis auct. non Stev. : Kusnez. l. c. 15: 379. 1904, p. p. spec. quoad Nordchina.
一年生草本，高3-5厘米。茎紫红色或黄绿色，密被乳突，自基部多分枝，似丛生状，枝再作多次二歧分枝，铺散，斜升。叶先端钝圆或急尖，外反，边缘软骨质，具极细乳突，两面光滑，中脉软骨质，在背面突起；基生叶大，在花期枯萎，宿存，卵圆形或圆形，长3-6毫米，宽3-5毫米，叶柄宽，长1-2毫米；茎生叶疏离或密集，覆瓦状排列，倒卵形或匙形，长3-5毫米，宽2-3毫米，叶柄边缘具乳突，背面光滑，连合成长1-1.5毫米的筒。花多数，单生于小枝顶端；花梗紫红色或黄绿色，长2-13毫米，藏于上部叶中或裸露；花萼筒状漏斗形，长5-6毫米，裂片三角形，长1.5-2毫米，先端急尖，边缘膜质，狭窄，光滑，中脉在背面呈脊状突起，并下延至萼筒基部，弯缺截形；花冠深蓝色，外面常具黄绿色宽条纹，漏斗形，长9-14毫米，裂片卵形，长2-2.5毫米，先端急尖或钝，褶卵形，长1.5-2毫米，先端钝，全缘或边缘啮蚀形；雄蕊着生于冠筒中下部，整齐，花丝丝状，长3-3.5毫米，花药矩圆形，长1-1.5毫米；子房狭椭圆形，长2.5-3.5毫米，两端渐狭，柄粗而短，长1-2毫米，花柱线形，连柱头长1.5-2毫米，柱头2裂，裂片外卷，线形。蒴果外裸，倒卵状矩圆形，长3-4毫米，先端圆形，有宽翅，两侧边缘有狭翅，基部钝，柄长至18毫米；种子褐色，椭圆形，长1-1.2毫米，表面具明显的细网纹。花果期4-8月。
产西藏东部、四川、青海、甘肃、新疆、山西、河北、河南、内蒙古、东北地区。生于河滩、水沟边、山坡草地、山谷潮湿地、沼泽草甸、林间空地及林下、灌丛草甸，海拔1100-4650米。模式标本采自苏联西伯利亚。印度、苏联、蒙古、朝鲜也有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Gentiana pseudoaquatica Kusnezow
假水生龙胆 jia shui sheng long dan
Annuals 3-5 cm tall. Stems ascending, branched from base, densely papillate. Basal leaves withered at anthesis; petiole 1-2 mm; leaf blade ovate-orbicular to orbicular, 3-6 × 3-5 mm, margin distinctly cartilaginous and ciliolate, apex rounded and mucronate, midvein prominent. Stem leaves with petiole tube 1-1.5 mm, margin ciliolate; leaf blade spatulate to obovate, 3-5 × 2-3 mm, margin distinctly cartilaginous and ciliate, apex rounded, midvein abaxially prominent. Flowers few. Pedicel 2-13 mm, densely papillate. Calyx narrowly obconic, 5-6 mm; lobes triangular, 1.5-2 mm, margin narrowly membranous, apex acute, midvein prominent. Corolla dark blue, outside usually with yellow-green stripes, funnelform, 0.9-1.4 cm; lobes ovate, 2-2.5 mm, margin entire, apex acute to obtuse; plicae ovate, 1.5-2 mm, margin entire or denticulate, apex obtuse. Stamens inserted just below middle of corolla tube, equal; filaments 3-4 mm; anthers ellipsoid, 1-1.5 mm. Style 1.5-2 mm; stigma lobes linear. Capsules narrowly obovoid to obovoid, 3-4 mm; gynophore to 1.8 cm, stout. Seeds brown, ellipsoid, 1-1.2 mm. Fl. and fr. Apr-Aug.
Along streams, river banks, wet places in valleys, grassland slopes, bog meadows, scrub meadows, forests, clearings in forests; 1100-4700 m. Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Xizang [Kashmir, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].