华南龙胆Gentiana loureirii (G. Don) Griseb.
华南龙胆Gentiana loureirii (G. Don) Griseb.
244. 华南龙胆（广州植物志）地丁 图版38：4-6
Gentiana loureirii (G. Don) Griseb. in DC. Prodr. 9: 108. 1845; Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 129. 1890; Kusnez. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 15: 404. 1904; Marq. in Kew Bull. 1937: 176. 1937;广州植物志557. 1956;中国高等植物图鉴3. 396. 图4745. 1974, p. p.; Liu et Kuo in台湾植物志4: 174. 1978. ——Ericala loureirii G. Don, Gen. Syst. Dichlam. Pl. 4: 192. 1837.——Gentiana indica Steud. Nom. ed. 2, 1: 674. 1840.——G. humilis auct. non Stev. : Hayata in Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 25 (19): 167 (Fl. Mont. Formos. ). 1908.
多年生草本，高3-8厘米。根略肉质，粗壮，根皮易剥落。茎少数丛生，紫红色，直立，密被乳突，有少数分枝。基生叶缺无或发达，在花期不枯萎，莲座状，狭椭圆形，长15-30毫米，宽3.5-5毫米，先端钝，边缘有不明显的软骨质，密生短睫毛，上面具细乳突，下面光滑，中脉细，在下面明显，叶柄宽，边缘密生短睫毛，长4-7毫米；茎生叶疏离，远短于节间，椭圆形或椭圆披针形，长5-7毫米，宽1-2.5毫米，先端钝，边缘有不明显的软骨质，密生短睫毛，上面密被极细乳突，下面光滑，叶柄边缘具短睫毛，背面具乳突，连合成长1-1.5毫米的筒。花数朵，单生于小枝顶端；花梗紫红色，密被乳突，长5-12毫米，裸露；花萼钟形，长5-6毫米，裂片直立或开展，披针形或线状披针形，长2.5-3.5毫米，先端急尖或钝，具小尖头，边缘有不明显的膜质，密生短睫毛，中脉细，不明显，弯缺狭，楔形；花冠紫色，漏斗形，长12-14毫米，裂片卵形，长2-2.5毫米，先端钝，褶卵状椭圆形，长1-1.5毫米，先端截形，边缘有不整齐不明显的细齿；雄蕊着生于冠筒中下部，整齐，花丝丝状，长4.5-5.5毫米，花药线形，长1.8-2毫米，子房椭圆形，长5-6毫米，两端渐狭，柄长2.5-3毫米，花柱线形，长约2.5毫米，柱头2裂，裂片矩圆形。蒴果倒卵形，先端圆形，有宽翅，两侧边缘有狭翅。花果期2-9月。
产江西、湖南、浙江、福建、广西、广东沿海、台湾。生于山坡路旁、荒山坡及林下，海拔300-2300米。模式标本采自广东。越南也有分布。
形态特征：多年生矮小草本。茎直立，成丛，少分枝，粗糙。叶矩圆状椭圆形或矩圆状披针形。花单生枝端；蒴果倒卵形，压扁状，边缘膜质；种子多数。
分 布：浙江、江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西
生 境：丘陵地带或山坡草地
繁殖方式：种子
习 性：阳生
药用部位：全草
药用功能：毒疮、无名肿痛
药用主治：用于毒疮、无名肿痛
《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Gentiana loureiroi (G. Don) Grisebach
华南龙胆 hua nan long dan
Ericala loureiroi G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 192. 1837; Gentiana pedicellata (Wallich ex D. Don) Grisebach var. rosulata Kusnezow.
Perennials 3-8 cm tall, sometimes with stolons to 2.5 cm. Roots cylindric, fleshy. Stems purple, erect, simple or few branched, loosely cespitose, densely papillate. Basal leaves usually developed; petiole 3-7 mm, ciliolate; leaf blade elliptic, 1.5-3 cm × 3-5 mm, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely and minutely papillate, margin indistinctly cartilaginous, densely minute ciliolate, apex obtuse to acute, often mucronate, midvein indistinct or abaxially slender. Stem leaves widely spaced; petiole 5-8 mm, ciliolate; leaf blade lanceolate to elliptic, 4-8 × 1-2.5 mm, shorter than internodes, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely minute papillate, margin indistinctly cartilaginous and densely minute ciliolate, apex acute, ± cuspidate, midvein indistinct or abaxially slender. Pedicel 4-12 mm, densely papillate. Calyx campanulate, 5-6.5 mm; lobes erect to sometimes spreading, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 2.5-4 mm, margin indistinctly membranous and ciliolate, apex acute and cuspidate, midvein indistinct. Corolla blue to blue-purple, rarely outside pale yellow-green, funnelform, 1-1.7 cm; lobes ovate, 2-2.5 mm, margin entire, apex obtuse; plicae ovate-orbicular, 1-1.5 mm, margin entire or denticulate, apex rounded. Stamens inserted at middle of corolla tube, equal; filaments 3-6 mm; anthers 1.8-2.5 mm. Style 1.5-2 mm; stigma lobes narrowly oblong. Capsules narrowly obovoid to obovoid, 4.5-5.5 mm; gynophore to 1.8 cm. Seeds brown, ellipsoid, 0.7-0.9 mm. Fl. and fr. Feb-Sep.
Roadside slopes, hillsides, forests; 300-3200 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, NE India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
别名：地丁;蓝花草;紫花地丁;龙胆地丁;卢氏龙胆;蓝花子;蓝花地丁;广地丁;
科名：龙胆科 Gentianaceae
属名：龙胆属 Gentiana
244. 华南龙胆（广州植物志）地丁 图版38：4-6
Gentiana loureirii (G. Don) Griseb. in DC. Prodr. 9: 108. 1845; Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 129. 1890; Kusnez. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 15: 404. 1904; Marq. in Kew Bull. 1937: 176. 1937;广州植物志557. 1956;中国高等植物图鉴3. 396. 图4745. 1974, p. p.; Liu et Kuo in台湾植物志4: 174. 1978. ——Ericala loureirii G. Don, Gen. Syst. Dichlam. Pl. 4: 192. 1837.——Gentiana indica Steud. Nom. ed. 2, 1: 674. 1840.——G. humilis auct. non Stev. : Hayata in Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 25 (19): 167 (Fl. Mont. Formos. ). 1908.
多年生草本，高3-8厘米。根略肉质，粗壮，根皮易剥落。茎少数丛生，紫红色，直立，密被乳突，有少数分枝。基生叶缺无或发达，在花期不枯萎，莲座状，狭椭圆形，长15-30毫米，宽3.5-5毫米，先端钝，边缘有不明显的软骨质，密生短睫毛，上面具细乳突，下面光滑，中脉细，在下面明显，叶柄宽，边缘密生短睫毛，长4-7毫米；茎生叶疏离，远短于节间，椭圆形或椭圆披针形，长5-7毫米，宽1-2.5毫米，先端钝，边缘有不明显的软骨质，密生短睫毛，上面密被极细乳突，下面光滑，叶柄边缘具短睫毛，背面具乳突，连合成长1-1.5毫米的筒。花数朵，单生于小枝顶端；花梗紫红色，密被乳突，长5-12毫米，裸露；花萼钟形，长5-6毫米，裂片直立或开展，披针形或线状披针形，长2.5-3.5毫米，先端急尖或钝，具小尖头，边缘有不明显的膜质，密生短睫毛，中脉细，不明显，弯缺狭，楔形；花冠紫色，漏斗形，长12-14毫米，裂片卵形，长2-2.5毫米，先端钝，褶卵状椭圆形，长1-1.5毫米，先端截形，边缘有不整齐不明显的细齿；雄蕊着生于冠筒中下部，整齐，花丝丝状，长4.5-5.5毫米，花药线形，长1.8-2毫米，子房椭圆形，长5-6毫米，两端渐狭，柄长2.5-3毫米，花柱线形，长约2.5毫米，柱头2裂，裂片矩圆形。蒴果倒卵形，先端圆形，有宽翅，两侧边缘有狭翅。花果期2-9月。
产江西、湖南、浙江、福建、广西、广东沿海、台湾。生于山坡路旁、荒山坡及林下，海拔300-2300米。模式标本采自广东。越南也有分布。
形态特征：多年生矮小草本。茎直立，成丛，少分枝，粗糙。叶矩圆状椭圆形或矩圆状披针形。花单生枝端；蒴果倒卵形，压扁状，边缘膜质；种子多数。
分 布：浙江、江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西
生 境：丘陵地带或山坡草地
繁殖方式：种子
习 性：阳生
药用部位：全草
药用功能：毒疮、无名肿痛
药用主治：用于毒疮、无名肿痛
《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Gentiana loureiroi (G. Don) Grisebach
华南龙胆 hua nan long dan
Ericala loureiroi G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 192. 1837; Gentiana pedicellata (Wallich ex D. Don) Grisebach var. rosulata Kusnezow.
Perennials 3-8 cm tall, sometimes with stolons to 2.5 cm. Roots cylindric, fleshy. Stems purple, erect, simple or few branched, loosely cespitose, densely papillate. Basal leaves usually developed; petiole 3-7 mm, ciliolate; leaf blade elliptic, 1.5-3 cm × 3-5 mm, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely and minutely papillate, margin indistinctly cartilaginous, densely minute ciliolate, apex obtuse to acute, often mucronate, midvein indistinct or abaxially slender. Stem leaves widely spaced; petiole 5-8 mm, ciliolate; leaf blade lanceolate to elliptic, 4-8 × 1-2.5 mm, shorter than internodes, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely minute papillate, margin indistinctly cartilaginous and densely minute ciliolate, apex acute, ± cuspidate, midvein indistinct or abaxially slender. Pedicel 4-12 mm, densely papillate. Calyx campanulate, 5-6.5 mm; lobes erect to sometimes spreading, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 2.5-4 mm, margin indistinctly membranous and ciliolate, apex acute and cuspidate, midvein indistinct. Corolla blue to blue-purple, rarely outside pale yellow-green, funnelform, 1-1.7 cm; lobes ovate, 2-2.5 mm, margin entire, apex obtuse; plicae ovate-orbicular, 1-1.5 mm, margin entire or denticulate, apex rounded. Stamens inserted at middle of corolla tube, equal; filaments 3-6 mm; anthers 1.8-2.5 mm. Style 1.5-2 mm; stigma lobes narrowly oblong. Capsules narrowly obovoid to obovoid, 4.5-5.5 mm; gynophore to 1.8 cm. Seeds brown, ellipsoid, 0.7-0.9 mm. Fl. and fr. Feb-Sep.
Roadside slopes, hillsides, forests; 300-3200 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, NE India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].