长叶柞木Xylosma longifolium Clos
长叶柞木Xylosma longifolium Clos
4.长叶柞木（中国树木分类学）图版7: 7
Xylosma longifolium Clos in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 4, 8: 231. 1857; Hook. f. et Thoms. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 194. 1872; Brandis, Ind. Trees 40. 1906; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 231. 1909;中国森林植物学842. 1935; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学858. 1937; 广州植物志178, 图82. 1956; 海南植物志1: 157. 1964; M. Lescot in Fl. Camhodge Laos et Vietnam 11: 71. 1970; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 924, 图3578. 1972; Sleum. in Blumea 30 (2): 224. 1985; 贵州植物志5: 175. 1988; 福建植物志4: 15. 1989; G. S. Fan in Journ. Wuhan Bot. Res.8 (2): 132. 1990; 广西植物志1: 665. 1991. ——X. congestum (Lour) Merr. var. kwangtungense Metcalf in Journ. Arn. Arb. 2: 272. 1931.
常绿小乔木或大灌木，高4-7米；树皮灰褐色；小枝有枝刺，无毛。叶革质，长圆状披针形或披针形，长5-12厘米，宽1.5-4厘米，先端渐尖，基部宽楔形，边缘有锯齿，两面无毛，上面深绿色，有光泽，下面淡绿色，干后灰褐色，侧脉6-7对，两面突起；叶柄长5-8厘米。花小，淡绿色，多数，总状花序，长1-2厘米，花序梗和花梗无毛或近于无毛；苞片小，卵形；花直径2.5-3.5毫米；萼片4-5，卵形或披针形，长2-4毫米，外面有毛，内面无毛；花瓣缺；雄花：雄蕊多数，生在花盘的内面，花丝丝状，长约4.5毫米，花药圆形，花盘8裂；雌花：子房圆形，长3.5-4毫米，1室，侧膜胎座2个，每个胎座上有2-3颗胚珠，花柱短，柱头2裂。浆果球形，黑色，直径4-6毫米，无毛；种子2-5粒。花期4-5月，果期6-10月。
产福建、广东、广西、贵州、云南。生于海拔1000-1600米的山地林中。老挝和越南、印度也有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Xylosma longifolia Clos
长叶柞木 chang ye zuo mu
Xylosma congesta (Loureiro) Merrill var. kwangtungensis F. P. Metcalf; X. racemosa (Siebold & Zuccarini) Miquel var. kwangtungensis (F. P. Metcalf) Rehder.
Shrubs or small trees, evergreen, 4-7 m tall; bark gray-brown; branchlets spiny, glabrous. Stipules not seen; petiole 5-8 mm, glabrous; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, oblong-elliptic, oblong-lanceolate, or narrowly obovate, 4-15(-20) × (2-)2.5-5(-7 cm), leathery, both surfaces glabrous, lateral veins (6 or)7-11 pairs, raised on both surfaces, base acute, cuneate, very rarely obtuse, margin serrate, apex acuminate, acumen 1-2 cm. Inflorescence of short racemes or reduced panicles borne singly or in condensed clusters in leaf axils; rachis 0.5-2 cm, glabrous or puberulous; bracts ovate (staminate flowers) to lanceolate (pistillate flowers), small, 0.5-1 mm, glabrous or sparsely puberulous. Flowers greenish, 2.5-3.5 mm in diam. Pedicels 1-2 mm, slender, puberulous. Sepals 4 or 5, persistent, ovate or lanceolate, 1-2 mm, abaxially glabrous or sparsely puberulous with spreading hairs, adaxially glabrous, margin entire to erose (× 10 mag.), glabrous. Staminate flowers: stamen filaments eventually ca. 3 mm; anthers ellipsoid, minute, ca. 0.3 mm; disk glands small, ± connate. Pistillate flowers: disk annular or few lobed, ovary ovoid, ca. 2 mm; placentas 2 or 3, each with 2 or 3 ovules; styles 2 or 3, very short, 0.5-0.8 mm or less, partly or completely joined. Berry reported as red when ripe, drying black, globose, 4-6 mm in diam.; calyx, disk, and style persistent. Seeds 4 or 5, brown when dried, ca. 4 mm, ovoid, flattened on one or more sides by mutual compression, completely enclosed in a thin sheath, sheath without dark streaks. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Oct.
Mountain forests; 1000-1600 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan [India, Laos, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
"Xylosma fascicuflorum" [sic] (S. S. Lai, Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 14: 224. 1994) belongs here but was not validly published under Art. 37.2 of the Vienna Code because two gatherings were indicated as types (B. Y. Qiu 50405 and M. G. Li [M. K. Li] 697).
别名：狗牙木;蒙子刺根;簕柞树;簕凿树;朗钉树;跌破簕;鸡达簕;刺柞;葫芦刺;蒙子树根;耙齿木;竻凿树;铁梨木;铁破簕;秃檫树;凿树;凿子树;柞木;小角刺;柞树;鼠木;
科名：刺篱木科 Flacourtiaceae
属名：柞木属 Xylosma
4.长叶柞木（中国树木分类学）图版7: 7
Xylosma longifolium Clos in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 4, 8: 231. 1857; Hook. f. et Thoms. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 194. 1872; Brandis, Ind. Trees 40. 1906; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 231. 1909;中国森林植物学842. 1935; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学858. 1937; 广州植物志178, 图82. 1956; 海南植物志1: 157. 1964; M. Lescot in Fl. Camhodge Laos et Vietnam 11: 71. 1970; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 924, 图3578. 1972; Sleum. in Blumea 30 (2): 224. 1985; 贵州植物志5: 175. 1988; 福建植物志4: 15. 1989; G. S. Fan in Journ. Wuhan Bot. Res.8 (2): 132. 1990; 广西植物志1: 665. 1991. ——X. congestum (Lour) Merr. var. kwangtungense Metcalf in Journ. Arn. Arb. 2: 272. 1931.
常绿小乔木或大灌木，高4-7米；树皮灰褐色；小枝有枝刺，无毛。叶革质，长圆状披针形或披针形，长5-12厘米，宽1.5-4厘米，先端渐尖，基部宽楔形，边缘有锯齿，两面无毛，上面深绿色，有光泽，下面淡绿色，干后灰褐色，侧脉6-7对，两面突起；叶柄长5-8厘米。花小，淡绿色，多数，总状花序，长1-2厘米，花序梗和花梗无毛或近于无毛；苞片小，卵形；花直径2.5-3.5毫米；萼片4-5，卵形或披针形，长2-4毫米，外面有毛，内面无毛；花瓣缺；雄花：雄蕊多数，生在花盘的内面，花丝丝状，长约4.5毫米，花药圆形，花盘8裂；雌花：子房圆形，长3.5-4毫米，1室，侧膜胎座2个，每个胎座上有2-3颗胚珠，花柱短，柱头2裂。浆果球形，黑色，直径4-6毫米，无毛；种子2-5粒。花期4-5月，果期6-10月。
产福建、广东、广西、贵州、云南。生于海拔1000-1600米的山地林中。老挝和越南、印度也有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Xylosma longifolia Clos
长叶柞木 chang ye zuo mu
Xylosma congesta (Loureiro) Merrill var. kwangtungensis F. P. Metcalf; X. racemosa (Siebold & Zuccarini) Miquel var. kwangtungensis (F. P. Metcalf) Rehder.
Shrubs or small trees, evergreen, 4-7 m tall; bark gray-brown; branchlets spiny, glabrous. Stipules not seen; petiole 5-8 mm, glabrous; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, oblong-elliptic, oblong-lanceolate, or narrowly obovate, 4-15(-20) × (2-)2.5-5(-7 cm), leathery, both surfaces glabrous, lateral veins (6 or)7-11 pairs, raised on both surfaces, base acute, cuneate, very rarely obtuse, margin serrate, apex acuminate, acumen 1-2 cm. Inflorescence of short racemes or reduced panicles borne singly or in condensed clusters in leaf axils; rachis 0.5-2 cm, glabrous or puberulous; bracts ovate (staminate flowers) to lanceolate (pistillate flowers), small, 0.5-1 mm, glabrous or sparsely puberulous. Flowers greenish, 2.5-3.5 mm in diam. Pedicels 1-2 mm, slender, puberulous. Sepals 4 or 5, persistent, ovate or lanceolate, 1-2 mm, abaxially glabrous or sparsely puberulous with spreading hairs, adaxially glabrous, margin entire to erose (× 10 mag.), glabrous. Staminate flowers: stamen filaments eventually ca. 3 mm; anthers ellipsoid, minute, ca. 0.3 mm; disk glands small, ± connate. Pistillate flowers: disk annular or few lobed, ovary ovoid, ca. 2 mm; placentas 2 or 3, each with 2 or 3 ovules; styles 2 or 3, very short, 0.5-0.8 mm or less, partly or completely joined. Berry reported as red when ripe, drying black, globose, 4-6 mm in diam.; calyx, disk, and style persistent. Seeds 4 or 5, brown when dried, ca. 4 mm, ovoid, flattened on one or more sides by mutual compression, completely enclosed in a thin sheath, sheath without dark streaks. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Oct.
Mountain forests; 1000-1600 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan [India, Laos, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
"Xylosma fascicuflorum" [sic] (S. S. Lai, Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 14: 224. 1994) belongs here but was not validly published under Art. 37.2 of the Vienna Code because two gatherings were indicated as types (B. Y. Qiu 50405 and M. G. Li [M. K. Li] 697).