巴东栎Quercus engleriana Seem.
巴东栎Quercus engleriana Seem.
48. 巴东栎（中国高等植物图鉴）图版82: 4-5
Quercus engleriana Seem. in Bot. Jahrb. 23, Beibl. 57: 47. 1897; Chun, Chinese Econ. Trees 104. 1921; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学207. 1937; A. Camus, Chenes 2: 33. 1938-39, Atlas 2. Pl. 88. f. 13-22. 1935-36; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 454.图907. 1972;秦岭植物志1(2): 75.1974; Y. C. Hsu et H. W. Jen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 14(2): 80. 1976;云南植物志2: 337.图108, 1-3. 1979; 河南植物志1: 255. 1981; 贵州植物志1: 115. 1982; 西藏植物志1: 495.图155, 4-6. 1983; 中国树木志2: 2354. 1985.——Q. obscura Seem. in Bot. Jahrb. 23, Beibl. 57: 49. 1897.——Q. sutchunensis Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 13: 150. 1899.——Myrica cavaleriei Levl. in Fedde, Repert. 12: 537. 1913. ——Q. dolichostyla A. Camus, Chenes 1: 666. 1936-38, Atlas 2. Pl. 88. f. 13-22. 1935-36. ——Q. lyoniifolia Cheng in Science (科学) 32: 8.1950.
常绿或半常绿乔木，高达25米，胸径达80厘米，树皮灰褐色，条状开裂。小枝幼时被灰黄色绒毛，后渐脱落。叶片椭圆形、卵形、卵状披针形，长6-16厘米，宽2.5-5.5厘米，顶端渐尖，基部圆形或宽楔形、稀为浅心形，叶缘中部以上有锯齿，有时全缘，叶片幼时两面密被棕黄色短绒毛，后渐无毛或仅叶背脉腋有簇生毛，叶面中脉、侧脉平坦，有时凹陷，侧脉每边10-13条；叶柄长1-2厘米，幼时被绒毛，后渐无毛；托叶线形，长约1厘米，背面被黄色绒毛。雄花序生于新枝基部，长约7厘米，花序轴被绒毛，雄蕊4-6；雌花序生于新枝上端叶腋，长1-3厘米。壳斗碗形，包着坚果1/3-1/2，直径0.8-1.2厘米，高4-7毫米；小苞片卵状披针形，长约1毫米，中下部被灰褐色柔毛，顶端紫红色，无毛。坚果长卵形，直径0.6-1厘米，高1-2厘米，无毛，柱座长2-3毫米，果脐突起，直径3-5毫米。花期4-5月，果期11月。
产陕西、江西、福建、河南、湖北、湖南、广西、四川、贵州、云南、西藏等省区。生于海拔700-2 700米的山坡、山谷疏林中。在四川金佛山海拔1 900米处巴东栎在森林内占重要地位。模式标本采自四川。
木材坚重，气干密度0.722克/立方厘米，供作桩木、农具、木滑轮等用材；树皮及壳斗可制栲胶。
本种分布较广，形态变异很大，小树冬季不落叶，大树在春季有一段落叶期；小树叶长圆形，有明显锯齿，老树叶卵状披针形，全缘。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Quercus engleriana Seemen
巴东栎 ba dong li
Myrica cavaleriei H. Léveillé; Quercus dolichostyla A. Camus; Q. kongshanensis Y. C. Hsu & H. W. Jen; Q. lanceolata S. Z. Qu & W. H. Zhang (1984), not Humboldt & Bonpland (1809); Q. lyoniifolia W. C. Cheng; Q. obscura Seemen; Q. shangxiensis Z. K. Zhou; Q. sutchuenensis Franchet.
Trees to 25 m tall, evergreen. Young branchlets yellowish gray tomentose, glabrescent. Petiole 1-2 cm, tomentose, glabrescent; leaf blade lanceolate, ovate, ovate-elliptic, or elliptic, 6-16 × 2.5-5.5 cm, densely yellowish brown pubescent but glabrescent or abaxially retaining fascicled hairs on axil of veins, adaxially flat to rugose, base rounded, broadly cuneate, or rarely shallowly cordate, margin serrate from middle to apex or sometimes entire, apex acuminate; midvein and secondary veins adaxially flat or sometimes impressed; secondary veins 10-13 on each side of midvein; tertiary veins abaxially slender, evident to prominent or obscured by indumentum when young. Female inflorescences axillary on apical portion of young shoots, 1-3 cm. Infructescence 1-5 cm; cupules 1-10. Cupule bowl-shaped, 4-7 × 8-12 mm, enclosing 1/3-1/2 of nut; bracts ovate-lanceolate, ca. 1 mm, grayish brown pubescent basal to middle, apex purple red and glabrous. Nut narrowly ovoid, 1-2 × 0.6-1 cm, glabrous; scar 3-5 mm in diam., raised; stylopodium 2-3 mm. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Nov.
* Mixed mesophytic forests; 700-2700 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang
别名：长柱高山栎;小叶青冈;小青冈树;小青冈;橡实;狗倍子;多作昌;刀把栎;小叶青刚;异毛山栎;小叶青树;恩格勒氏栎;巴东山栎;
科名：壳斗科 Fagaceae
属名：栎属 Quercus
48. 巴东栎（中国高等植物图鉴）图版82: 4-5
Quercus engleriana Seem. in Bot. Jahrb. 23, Beibl. 57: 47. 1897; Chun, Chinese Econ. Trees 104. 1921; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学207. 1937; A. Camus, Chenes 2: 33. 1938-39, Atlas 2. Pl. 88. f. 13-22. 1935-36; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 454.图907. 1972;秦岭植物志1(2): 75.1974; Y. C. Hsu et H. W. Jen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 14(2): 80. 1976;云南植物志2: 337.图108, 1-3. 1979; 河南植物志1: 255. 1981; 贵州植物志1: 115. 1982; 西藏植物志1: 495.图155, 4-6. 1983; 中国树木志2: 2354. 1985.——Q. obscura Seem. in Bot. Jahrb. 23, Beibl. 57: 49. 1897.——Q. sutchunensis Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 13: 150. 1899.——Myrica cavaleriei Levl. in Fedde, Repert. 12: 537. 1913. ——Q. dolichostyla A. Camus, Chenes 1: 666. 1936-38, Atlas 2. Pl. 88. f. 13-22. 1935-36. ——Q. lyoniifolia Cheng in Science (科学) 32: 8.1950.
常绿或半常绿乔木，高达25米，胸径达80厘米，树皮灰褐色，条状开裂。小枝幼时被灰黄色绒毛，后渐脱落。叶片椭圆形、卵形、卵状披针形，长6-16厘米，宽2.5-5.5厘米，顶端渐尖，基部圆形或宽楔形、稀为浅心形，叶缘中部以上有锯齿，有时全缘，叶片幼时两面密被棕黄色短绒毛，后渐无毛或仅叶背脉腋有簇生毛，叶面中脉、侧脉平坦，有时凹陷，侧脉每边10-13条；叶柄长1-2厘米，幼时被绒毛，后渐无毛；托叶线形，长约1厘米，背面被黄色绒毛。雄花序生于新枝基部，长约7厘米，花序轴被绒毛，雄蕊4-6；雌花序生于新枝上端叶腋，长1-3厘米。壳斗碗形，包着坚果1/3-1/2，直径0.8-1.2厘米，高4-7毫米；小苞片卵状披针形，长约1毫米，中下部被灰褐色柔毛，顶端紫红色，无毛。坚果长卵形，直径0.6-1厘米，高1-2厘米，无毛，柱座长2-3毫米，果脐突起，直径3-5毫米。花期4-5月，果期11月。
产陕西、江西、福建、河南、湖北、湖南、广西、四川、贵州、云南、西藏等省区。生于海拔700-2 700米的山坡、山谷疏林中。在四川金佛山海拔1 900米处巴东栎在森林内占重要地位。模式标本采自四川。
木材坚重，气干密度0.722克/立方厘米，供作桩木、农具、木滑轮等用材；树皮及壳斗可制栲胶。
本种分布较广，形态变异很大，小树冬季不落叶，大树在春季有一段落叶期；小树叶长圆形，有明显锯齿，老树叶卵状披针形，全缘。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Quercus engleriana Seemen
巴东栎 ba dong li
Myrica cavaleriei H. Léveillé; Quercus dolichostyla A. Camus; Q. kongshanensis Y. C. Hsu & H. W. Jen; Q. lanceolata S. Z. Qu & W. H. Zhang (1984), not Humboldt & Bonpland (1809); Q. lyoniifolia W. C. Cheng; Q. obscura Seemen; Q. shangxiensis Z. K. Zhou; Q. sutchuenensis Franchet.
Trees to 25 m tall, evergreen. Young branchlets yellowish gray tomentose, glabrescent. Petiole 1-2 cm, tomentose, glabrescent; leaf blade lanceolate, ovate, ovate-elliptic, or elliptic, 6-16 × 2.5-5.5 cm, densely yellowish brown pubescent but glabrescent or abaxially retaining fascicled hairs on axil of veins, adaxially flat to rugose, base rounded, broadly cuneate, or rarely shallowly cordate, margin serrate from middle to apex or sometimes entire, apex acuminate; midvein and secondary veins adaxially flat or sometimes impressed; secondary veins 10-13 on each side of midvein; tertiary veins abaxially slender, evident to prominent or obscured by indumentum when young. Female inflorescences axillary on apical portion of young shoots, 1-3 cm. Infructescence 1-5 cm; cupules 1-10. Cupule bowl-shaped, 4-7 × 8-12 mm, enclosing 1/3-1/2 of nut; bracts ovate-lanceolate, ca. 1 mm, grayish brown pubescent basal to middle, apex purple red and glabrous. Nut narrowly ovoid, 1-2 × 0.6-1 cm, glabrous; scar 3-5 mm in diam., raised; stylopodium 2-3 mm. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Nov.
* Mixed mesophytic forests; 700-2700 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang