大叶柯Lithocarpus megalophyllus Rehder et E. H. Wilson
大叶柯Lithocarpus megalophyllus Rehder et E. H. Wilson
110. 大叶柯 大叶椆、大叶石栎 图版61: 4-6
Lithocarpus megalophyllus Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 3: 208. 1916; A. Camus, Chenes 3: 1093. 1954, Atlas pl. 449. 1948;中国高等植物图鉴1: 438,图875, 1972. ——L. pleiocarpa A. Camus in Not. Syst. fasc. 5, 1: 74. 1935 et Chenes 3: 1091. 1954, Atlas pl. 500. 1948.——Pasania tienchuanensis Hu in sched. ——Lithocarpus spicata auct. non (Sm.) Rehd. et Wils.:中国高等植物图鉴1: 435, 图870. 1972.
乔木，高15-25米，胸径30-60厘米，小枝淡黄灰色或灰色，枝、叶无毛。叶硬革质，倒卵形，倒卵状椭圆形或椭圆形，长14-30厘米，宽6-13厘米，顶部突急尖，基部楔尖或近于圆，全缘，侧脉每边14-18条，在叶面凹陷，支脉彼此近于平行，中、侧脉在叶背十分隆起，两面同色，叶背被在高倍放大镜下可见的粉末状灰白色鳞腺；叶柄长2.5-6厘米，粗3-6毫米。雄穗状圆锥花序长达30厘米，花序轴被早落的稀疏短毛；雌花序常成对生于枝顶部；雌花常3朵很少5朵一簇，有时有单花散生，果序轴粗达15毫米；壳斗浅碟状或浅碗状，高4-10毫米，宽20-30毫米，顶部圆而端急尖，或为长圆锥形，高24-28毫米，宽20-25毫米，顶部狭尖，或为甚扁的扁圆形，高16-18毫米，宽28-32毫米，顶部平坦或中央略凹陷，无毛，深栗褐色，常略有光泽，有时有淡薄的白色粉霜，果脐深达4毫米，口径12-18毫米。花期5-6月，果次年同期或稍后成熟。
产湖北西部、广西西部、云南东南部、四川西部、贵州北部（赤水）。生于海拔900-2 200米山地杂木林中，在云南，本种常与壳斗科其它种类植物混生。越南东北部也有分布。模式标本采自四川洪雅。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Lithocarpus megalophyllus Rehder & E. H. Wilson
大叶柯 da ye ke
Lithocarpus pleiocarpus A. Camus; Quercus mairei H. Léveillé (1913), not Pasania mairei Schottky (1912).
Trees 15-25 m tall. Branchlets glaucous, glabrous, lenticellate. Petiole 2.5-6 cm, 3-6 mm thick; leaf blade obovate, obovate-elliptic, or elliptic, 14-30 × 6-13 cm, rigidly leathery, concolorous, abaxially with grayish, pulverulent scalelike glands (visible under hand lens), adaxially glabrous, base cuneate to subrounded, margin entire, apex acute; secondary veins 14-18 on each side of midvein, abaxially strongly raised, adaxially impressed; tertiary veins abaxially conspicuous, subparallel. Male panicle to 20 cm; rachis sparsely pubescent when young. Female inflorescences usually at apex of branches; cupules in clusters of 3(-5), sometimes solitary. Infructescences 10-14 cm; rachis 1-1.5 cm thick. Cupule plate-shaped to cupular, 4-10 mm × 2-3 cm, enclosing 1/6-1/3 of nut, wall 1-2 mm thick; bracts 1-1.4 mm. Nut conical and 2.4-2.8 × 2-2.5 cm to depressed globose and 1.6-1.8 × 2.8-3.2 cm, slightly shining, sometimes ± white farinose, apex flat or with a ± concave center, wall ca. 1 mm thick; scar 1.2-1.8 cm in diam., concave. Fl. May-Jun, fr. May-Jun of following year.
Mixed mesophytic forests; 900-2200 m. W Guangxi, N Guizhou, W Hubei, W Sichuan, E Yunnan [NE Vietnam]
别名：大叶石柯;洪雅石栎;大叶石砾;大叶椆;大叶石栎;
科名：壳斗科 Fagaceae
属名：柯属 Lithocarpus
110. 大叶柯 大叶椆、大叶石栎 图版61: 4-6
Lithocarpus megalophyllus Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 3: 208. 1916; A. Camus, Chenes 3: 1093. 1954, Atlas pl. 449. 1948;中国高等植物图鉴1: 438,图875, 1972. ——L. pleiocarpa A. Camus in Not. Syst. fasc. 5, 1: 74. 1935 et Chenes 3: 1091. 1954, Atlas pl. 500. 1948.——Pasania tienchuanensis Hu in sched. ——Lithocarpus spicata auct. non (Sm.) Rehd. et Wils.:中国高等植物图鉴1: 435, 图870. 1972.
乔木，高15-25米，胸径30-60厘米，小枝淡黄灰色或灰色，枝、叶无毛。叶硬革质，倒卵形，倒卵状椭圆形或椭圆形，长14-30厘米，宽6-13厘米，顶部突急尖，基部楔尖或近于圆，全缘，侧脉每边14-18条，在叶面凹陷，支脉彼此近于平行，中、侧脉在叶背十分隆起，两面同色，叶背被在高倍放大镜下可见的粉末状灰白色鳞腺；叶柄长2.5-6厘米，粗3-6毫米。雄穗状圆锥花序长达30厘米，花序轴被早落的稀疏短毛；雌花序常成对生于枝顶部；雌花常3朵很少5朵一簇，有时有单花散生，果序轴粗达15毫米；壳斗浅碟状或浅碗状，高4-10毫米，宽20-30毫米，顶部圆而端急尖，或为长圆锥形，高24-28毫米，宽20-25毫米，顶部狭尖，或为甚扁的扁圆形，高16-18毫米，宽28-32毫米，顶部平坦或中央略凹陷，无毛，深栗褐色，常略有光泽，有时有淡薄的白色粉霜，果脐深达4毫米，口径12-18毫米。花期5-6月，果次年同期或稍后成熟。
产湖北西部、广西西部、云南东南部、四川西部、贵州北部（赤水）。生于海拔900-2 200米山地杂木林中，在云南，本种常与壳斗科其它种类植物混生。越南东北部也有分布。模式标本采自四川洪雅。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Lithocarpus megalophyllus Rehder & E. H. Wilson
大叶柯 da ye ke
Lithocarpus pleiocarpus A. Camus; Quercus mairei H. Léveillé (1913), not Pasania mairei Schottky (1912).
Trees 15-25 m tall. Branchlets glaucous, glabrous, lenticellate. Petiole 2.5-6 cm, 3-6 mm thick; leaf blade obovate, obovate-elliptic, or elliptic, 14-30 × 6-13 cm, rigidly leathery, concolorous, abaxially with grayish, pulverulent scalelike glands (visible under hand lens), adaxially glabrous, base cuneate to subrounded, margin entire, apex acute; secondary veins 14-18 on each side of midvein, abaxially strongly raised, adaxially impressed; tertiary veins abaxially conspicuous, subparallel. Male panicle to 20 cm; rachis sparsely pubescent when young. Female inflorescences usually at apex of branches; cupules in clusters of 3(-5), sometimes solitary. Infructescences 10-14 cm; rachis 1-1.5 cm thick. Cupule plate-shaped to cupular, 4-10 mm × 2-3 cm, enclosing 1/6-1/3 of nut, wall 1-2 mm thick; bracts 1-1.4 mm. Nut conical and 2.4-2.8 × 2-2.5 cm to depressed globose and 1.6-1.8 × 2.8-3.2 cm, slightly shining, sometimes ± white farinose, apex flat or with a ± concave center, wall ca. 1 mm thick; scar 1.2-1.8 cm in diam., concave. Fl. May-Jun, fr. May-Jun of following year.
Mixed mesophytic forests; 900-2200 m. W Guangxi, N Guizhou, W Hubei, W Sichuan, E Yunnan [NE Vietnam]