柄果柯Lithocarpus longipedicellatus (Hick. et A. Camus) A. Camus
柄果柯Lithocarpus longipedicellatus (Hick. et A. Camus) A. Camus
47. 柄果柯 山椆、姜椆、旦仔椆、五指山椆（海南岛）、罗汉柯、柄果石栎 图版41: 1-6
Lithocarpus longipedicellatus (Hick. et A. Camus) A. Camus in Riv. Sci. 18: 41. 1932 et Chenes 3: 810. 1954, Atlas pl. 418, f. 10-17. 1948. ——Pasania longiped icellata Hick. et A. Camus in Bull. Mus. Paris 34: 365. 1928. ——Lithocarpus podocarpa Chun in Journ. Arn. Arb. 27: 237. 1978; 海南植物志 2: 351. 1965; 中国高等植物图鉴 1: 431, 图861. 1972.
乔木，高达20米，胸径达50厘米，芽鳞、枝、叶均无毛，芽鳞及嫩叶压干后常油润有光泽。叶近革质，椭圆形，卵形或卵状椭圆形，长8-15厘米，宽3-6厘米，顶部渐尖或短突尖，端钝或圆，基部宽楔形，全缘，有时呈波浪状起伏，侧脉每边9-14条，在叶缘处急湾向上，通常彼此不连接，支脉纤细或不明显，叶背在干后带苍灰色，有紧实的腊鳞层；叶柄长1-1.5厘米。雄穗状花序多穗排成圆锥花序或单穗腋生；花序轴被灰自色或淡黄灰色粉末状鳞秕，雌花单朵散生于花序轴上，花后不久基部有长3-5毫米的柄，果序轴较着生的枝粗壮，基部粗8-10毫米，包着坚果下部或少至中部，小苞片三角形，甚细小，在扩大镜下隐约可见，有时全部或部分连生成圆环，被灰黄至淡棕色糠秕状鳞秕；坚果扁圆形或近球形，高10-14毫米，宽12-22毫米，无毛，暗栗褐色，常有淡薄的白色粉霜，柱座短突出，基部平坦，果脐深约1.5毫米，口径7-18毫米。花期10-1月，果次年同期成熟。
产海南、广西西部（龙州、那坡）、云南东南部（屏边、西畴等地）。散生于海拔约1 200米以下常绿阔叶林中。越南北部也有。
据广东林科所报导，43年树岭高19.9米，胸径23.2厘米，其树皮厚3-5毫米，灰褐色不开裂，内皮淡红褐色，略有腥酸气味。
散孔材，心边材界限分明，心材褐棕色，边材色较淡，木材纹理交错，结构密致，质硬重，加工困难，干燥过程中有时爆裂，但不变形，耐水湿，适作车船、水工、梁柱、建筑等用材。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Lithocarpus longipedicellatus (Hickel & A. Camus) A. Camus
柄果柯 bing guo ke
Pasania longipedicellata Hickel & A. Camus, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 34: 365. 1928; Lithocarpus podocarpus Chun.
Trees to 20 m tall. Branches glabrous. Petiole 1-1.5 cm; leaf blade elliptic, ovate, or ovate-elliptic, 8-15 × 3-6 cm, subleathery, abaxially with adherent, waxy scalelike trichomes and glaucous when dry, adaxially glabrous, base broadly cuneate, margin entire or sometimes undulate, apex acuminate to acute with tip obtuse to rounded; secondary veins 9-14 on each side of midvein, abruptly curving apically near margin but usually not fusing; tertiary veins abaxially slender, evident or not visible. Male inflorescences in a panicle or solitary in axils of leaves; rachis light yellowish gray scurfy. Female inflorescence 3-5 cm; cupules solitary, scattered on rachis soon after anthesis. Infructescence rachis base 8-10 mm thick, thicker than branches. Cupule discoid, 1.2-1.5 cm in diam., enclosing basal part or rarely to middle of nut, wall less than 1 mm thick; bracts sometimes entirely or partly united into concentric rings, triangular, tiny but visible under lens, tawny scurfy. Nut depressed globose to subglobose, 1-1.4 × 1.2-2.2 cm, ± white glaucous, base flat, wall 0.5-1 mm thick; scar 0.7-1.8 cm in diam., concave. Fl. Oct-Jan, Fl. Oct-Jan of following year.
Scattered in broad-leaved evergreen forests; below 1200 m. W Guangxi, Hainan, SE Yunnan [N Vietnam]
别名：罗汉柯;姜椆;柄果椆;长柄柯;旦仔椆;罗汉柯姜椆;山椆;指山椆;五指山椆;柄果石栎;长柄石栎;
科名：壳斗科 Fagaceae
属名：柯属 Lithocarpus
47. 柄果柯 山椆、姜椆、旦仔椆、五指山椆（海南岛）、罗汉柯、柄果石栎 图版41: 1-6
Lithocarpus longipedicellatus (Hick. et A. Camus) A. Camus in Riv. Sci. 18: 41. 1932 et Chenes 3: 810. 1954, Atlas pl. 418, f. 10-17. 1948. ——Pasania longiped icellata Hick. et A. Camus in Bull. Mus. Paris 34: 365. 1928. ——Lithocarpus podocarpa Chun in Journ. Arn. Arb. 27: 237. 1978; 海南植物志 2: 351. 1965; 中国高等植物图鉴 1: 431, 图861. 1972.
乔木，高达20米，胸径达50厘米，芽鳞、枝、叶均无毛，芽鳞及嫩叶压干后常油润有光泽。叶近革质，椭圆形，卵形或卵状椭圆形，长8-15厘米，宽3-6厘米，顶部渐尖或短突尖，端钝或圆，基部宽楔形，全缘，有时呈波浪状起伏，侧脉每边9-14条，在叶缘处急湾向上，通常彼此不连接，支脉纤细或不明显，叶背在干后带苍灰色，有紧实的腊鳞层；叶柄长1-1.5厘米。雄穗状花序多穗排成圆锥花序或单穗腋生；花序轴被灰自色或淡黄灰色粉末状鳞秕，雌花单朵散生于花序轴上，花后不久基部有长3-5毫米的柄，果序轴较着生的枝粗壮，基部粗8-10毫米，包着坚果下部或少至中部，小苞片三角形，甚细小，在扩大镜下隐约可见，有时全部或部分连生成圆环，被灰黄至淡棕色糠秕状鳞秕；坚果扁圆形或近球形，高10-14毫米，宽12-22毫米，无毛，暗栗褐色，常有淡薄的白色粉霜，柱座短突出，基部平坦，果脐深约1.5毫米，口径7-18毫米。花期10-1月，果次年同期成熟。
产海南、广西西部（龙州、那坡）、云南东南部（屏边、西畴等地）。散生于海拔约1 200米以下常绿阔叶林中。越南北部也有。
据广东林科所报导，43年树岭高19.9米，胸径23.2厘米，其树皮厚3-5毫米，灰褐色不开裂，内皮淡红褐色，略有腥酸气味。
散孔材，心边材界限分明，心材褐棕色，边材色较淡，木材纹理交错，结构密致，质硬重，加工困难，干燥过程中有时爆裂，但不变形，耐水湿，适作车船、水工、梁柱、建筑等用材。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Lithocarpus longipedicellatus (Hickel & A. Camus) A. Camus
柄果柯 bing guo ke
Pasania longipedicellata Hickel & A. Camus, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 34: 365. 1928; Lithocarpus podocarpus Chun.
Trees to 20 m tall. Branches glabrous. Petiole 1-1.5 cm; leaf blade elliptic, ovate, or ovate-elliptic, 8-15 × 3-6 cm, subleathery, abaxially with adherent, waxy scalelike trichomes and glaucous when dry, adaxially glabrous, base broadly cuneate, margin entire or sometimes undulate, apex acuminate to acute with tip obtuse to rounded; secondary veins 9-14 on each side of midvein, abruptly curving apically near margin but usually not fusing; tertiary veins abaxially slender, evident or not visible. Male inflorescences in a panicle or solitary in axils of leaves; rachis light yellowish gray scurfy. Female inflorescence 3-5 cm; cupules solitary, scattered on rachis soon after anthesis. Infructescence rachis base 8-10 mm thick, thicker than branches. Cupule discoid, 1.2-1.5 cm in diam., enclosing basal part or rarely to middle of nut, wall less than 1 mm thick; bracts sometimes entirely or partly united into concentric rings, triangular, tiny but visible under lens, tawny scurfy. Nut depressed globose to subglobose, 1-1.4 × 1.2-2.2 cm, ± white glaucous, base flat, wall 0.5-1 mm thick; scar 0.7-1.8 cm in diam., concave. Fl. Oct-Jan, Fl. Oct-Jan of following year.
Scattered in broad-leaved evergreen forests; below 1200 m. W Guangxi, Hainan, SE Yunnan [N Vietnam]