金毛柯Lithocarpus chrysocomus Chun et Tsiang
金毛柯Lithocarpus chrysocomus Chun et Tsiang
32. 金毛柯 黄椆（广东）图版32: 1-4
Lithocarpus chrysocomus Chun et Tsiang in Journ. Arn. Arb. 28: 321. 1947; A. Camus, Chenes 3: 1155. 1954.
乔木，高达20米，胸径50厘米，芽鳞无毛或最外的2-3片被细伏毛，干后有油润光泽，当年生枝及花序轴密被灰棕色微柔毛及粉末状鳞秕，小枝暗褐黑色。叶硬革质，卵形或长椭圆形，长8-15厘米，宽2.5-5.5厘米，少有更小的，或披针形，长6-8厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，顶部长或短急尖，基部宽楔形，有时两侧稍不对称，全缘，中脉叶面下段微凸起，上段平坦，侧脉每边9-13条，支脉不显，两面无毛，背面密被泥黄色至褐红色松散、易抹落的细片状鳞秕，二年生叶有紧实的蜡鳞层；叶柄长1-2厘米，稀较短。雄穗状花序单穗腋生或多穗排成圆锥花序，常雌雄同序；雌花序每3朵一簇，花柱长约1毫米。果序长通常不超过5厘米，有成熟壳斗2-6个；壳斗近圆球形，横径20-25毫米，包着坚果绝大部分，小苞片三角形，钻尖部分略斜展，覆瓦状排列，幼嫩时被甚短的微柔毛及褐红色细片状鳞秕；坚果近圆球形，高17-18毫米，宽12-20毫米，密被黄灰色细伏毛，上宽下窄，基部平坦，果脐凸起，约占坚果面积的1/3或较小。花期6-8月，果次年8-10月成熟。
产湖南南部（宜章）、广东北部（乳源、乐昌等地）、广西东北部（贺县、大苗山等地）。生于海拔600-1 400 米山地杂木林，为常绿阔叶林的主要树种。模式标本采自湖南宜章县。
树皮暗灰褐色，甚厚，不裂，内皮红褐色，聚合射线细长而密接，明显的刀刃状突出，木材的心边材区别明显，心材淡红至棕红色，年轮呈菊花心状，材质略次于红椆类。
本种偶有每壳斗内有成熟的坚果2-3个的现象。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Lithocarpus chrysocomus Chun & Tsiang
金毛柯 jin mao ke
Lithocarpus chrysocomus var. zhangpingensis Q. F. Zheng.
Trees to 20 m tall; branchlets of current year and rachis of inflorescences densely tawny puberulent and with scurfy scalelike trichomes. Petiole 1-2 cm; leaf blade ovate, oblong, or rarely lanceolate, (6-)8-15 × (1.5-)2.5-5.5 cm, rigidly leathery, abaxially densely covered with lax yellowish brown to reddish brown, scurfy scalelike trichomes, adaxially glabrous, base broadly cuneate and sometimes asymmetric, margin entire, apex acuminate to acute; secondary veins 9-13 on each side of midvein; tertiary veins abaxially not visible. Male inflorescences solitary in axils of leaves or in paniculate clusters, usually androgynous. Female inflorescences in clusters of ca. 3. Infructescences less than 5 cm; developed cupules 2-6. Cupule subglobose, 2-2.5 cm in diam., enclosing most of nut, wall 1-1.5 mm thick; bracts imbricate, triangular, puberulent and with rust-colored scalelike trichomes when young, apex subulate and spreading. Nut subglobose but broadest apically, 1.7-1.8 × 1.2-2 cm, densely covered with tawny, appressed minute hairs, wall ca. 1 mm thick; scar covering ca. 1/3 of nut, convex. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Oct of following year.
* Broad-leaved evergreen and mixed mesophytic forests, often a dominant species of broad-leaved evergreen forest; 600-1400 m. N Guangdong, NE Guangxi, S Hunan (Yizhang Xian)
别名：金毛椆;金毛;金毛石栎;金毛石柯;黄椆;
科名：壳斗科 Fagaceae
属名：柯属 Lithocarpus
32. 金毛柯 黄椆（广东）图版32: 1-4
Lithocarpus chrysocomus Chun et Tsiang in Journ. Arn. Arb. 28: 321. 1947; A. Camus, Chenes 3: 1155. 1954.
乔木，高达20米，胸径50厘米，芽鳞无毛或最外的2-3片被细伏毛，干后有油润光泽，当年生枝及花序轴密被灰棕色微柔毛及粉末状鳞秕，小枝暗褐黑色。叶硬革质，卵形或长椭圆形，长8-15厘米，宽2.5-5.5厘米，少有更小的，或披针形，长6-8厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，顶部长或短急尖，基部宽楔形，有时两侧稍不对称，全缘，中脉叶面下段微凸起，上段平坦，侧脉每边9-13条，支脉不显，两面无毛，背面密被泥黄色至褐红色松散、易抹落的细片状鳞秕，二年生叶有紧实的蜡鳞层；叶柄长1-2厘米，稀较短。雄穗状花序单穗腋生或多穗排成圆锥花序，常雌雄同序；雌花序每3朵一簇，花柱长约1毫米。果序长通常不超过5厘米，有成熟壳斗2-6个；壳斗近圆球形，横径20-25毫米，包着坚果绝大部分，小苞片三角形，钻尖部分略斜展，覆瓦状排列，幼嫩时被甚短的微柔毛及褐红色细片状鳞秕；坚果近圆球形，高17-18毫米，宽12-20毫米，密被黄灰色细伏毛，上宽下窄，基部平坦，果脐凸起，约占坚果面积的1/3或较小。花期6-8月，果次年8-10月成熟。
产湖南南部（宜章）、广东北部（乳源、乐昌等地）、广西东北部（贺县、大苗山等地）。生于海拔600-1 400 米山地杂木林，为常绿阔叶林的主要树种。模式标本采自湖南宜章县。
树皮暗灰褐色，甚厚，不裂，内皮红褐色，聚合射线细长而密接，明显的刀刃状突出，木材的心边材区别明显，心材淡红至棕红色，年轮呈菊花心状，材质略次于红椆类。
本种偶有每壳斗内有成熟的坚果2-3个的现象。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Lithocarpus chrysocomus Chun & Tsiang
金毛柯 jin mao ke
Lithocarpus chrysocomus var. zhangpingensis Q. F. Zheng.
Trees to 20 m tall; branchlets of current year and rachis of inflorescences densely tawny puberulent and with scurfy scalelike trichomes. Petiole 1-2 cm; leaf blade ovate, oblong, or rarely lanceolate, (6-)8-15 × (1.5-)2.5-5.5 cm, rigidly leathery, abaxially densely covered with lax yellowish brown to reddish brown, scurfy scalelike trichomes, adaxially glabrous, base broadly cuneate and sometimes asymmetric, margin entire, apex acuminate to acute; secondary veins 9-13 on each side of midvein; tertiary veins abaxially not visible. Male inflorescences solitary in axils of leaves or in paniculate clusters, usually androgynous. Female inflorescences in clusters of ca. 3. Infructescences less than 5 cm; developed cupules 2-6. Cupule subglobose, 2-2.5 cm in diam., enclosing most of nut, wall 1-1.5 mm thick; bracts imbricate, triangular, puberulent and with rust-colored scalelike trichomes when young, apex subulate and spreading. Nut subglobose but broadest apically, 1.7-1.8 × 1.2-2 cm, densely covered with tawny, appressed minute hairs, wall ca. 1 mm thick; scar covering ca. 1/3 of nut, convex. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Oct of following year.
* Broad-leaved evergreen and mixed mesophytic forests, often a dominant species of broad-leaved evergreen forest; 600-1400 m. N Guangdong, NE Guangxi, S Hunan (Yizhang Xian)