续随子Euphorbia lathylris Linn.

别名：moleplant;仙人对坐草;一把伞;降龙草;狗打子;大狼毒;打鼓子;九牛糙;土巴豆;蚕子草;百样解;质多义莫;神仙对座草;神仙对坐;千斤子;看园老;千金子;小巴豆;千续随子;陶存-塔日努;神仙对坐草;百药解;

科名：大戟科 Euphorbiaceae

属名：大戟属 Euphorbia

《中国植物志》第44(3)卷069页
  31. 续随子（开宝本草）千金子（中国经济植物志）图版18：1-3
  Euphorbia lathylris Linn. Sp. Pl. 457. 1753; Boiss. in DC. Prodr. 15 (2): 99.1862; Forb. & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 415. 1891; Levl. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2, 6: 763, 1906; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin, : (2): 232. 1931; Prokh. in Kom. F1. URSS 14: 479. 1949; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 623.图2975. 1972,湖北植物志2 388.图1295. 1979; 内蒙古植物志4: 48.图版22: 3-6. 1979; 秦岭植物志1 (3): 162.图137. 1981; 江苏植物志2: 413.图1410. 1982;北京植物志1: 529.图671 1984; 云南种子植物名录1: 440. 1984; A. Radcliffe-Smith in Nasir & Ali, Fl. Pakist.172: 164. fig. 34: A-C. 1986; 河南植物志2: 287.图. 1401. 1986; 西藏植物志3: 81. 1986; 福建植物志3: 227. 1987; 贵州植物志6: 137. 1989; J. S. Ma＆C. Y. Wu in Collect. Bot. 21: 107. 1992; 横断山维管植物1: 1065, 1993.
  二年生草本，全株无毛。根柱状，长20厘米以上，直径3-7毫米，侧根多而细。茎直立，基部单一，略带紫红色，顶部二歧分枝，灰绿色，高可达1米。叶交互对生，于茎下部密集，于茎上部稀疏，线状披针形，长6-10厘米，宽4-7毫米，先端渐尖或尖，基部半抱茎，全缘；侧脉不明显；无叶柄；总苞叶和茎叶均为2枚，卵状长三角形，长3-8厘米，宽2-4厘米，先端渐尖或急尖，基部近平截或半抱茎，全缘，无柄。花序单生，近钟状，高约4毫米，直径3-5毫米，边缘5裂，裂片三角状长圆形，边缘浅波状；腺体4，新月形，两端具短角，暗褐色。雄花多数，伸出总苞边缘；雌花1枚，子房柄几与总苞近等长；子房光滑无毛，直径3-6毫米；花柱细长，3枚，分离；柱头2裂。蒴果三棱状球形，长与直径各约1厘米，光滑无毛，花柱早落，成熟时不开裂。种子柱状至卵球状，长6-8毫米，直径4.5-6.0毫米，褐色或灰褐色，无皱纹，具黑褐色斑点；种阜无柄，极易脱落。花期4-7月，果期6-9月。
  产于吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北、陕西、甘肃、新疆、山东、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、河南、湖北、湖南、广西、四川、贵州、云南、西藏等地，栽培或逸为野生广泛分布或栽培于欧洲、北非、中亚、东亚和南北美洲。模式标本采自西欧。
  种子含油量高达50％，可制肥皂和润滑油；近年国外己将该种的油作为汽油的代用品研究并取得进展。种子亦可入药，具利尿、泻下和通经作用，外用治癣疮类；全草有毒。
  关于本种的原产地问题，据目前资料仍难以考证。Boisser (1862) 认为产于中国，Maximowicz (1887)认为产于日本，Turin & A. Radcliffe-Smith (1966) 认为可能产于地中海东部和中部; A. Radcliffe-Smith (1986)认为原产地不明；而我国目前资料均记载原产欧洲，我国栽培已久。
形态特征：二年生草本，全体含有白色乳汁，高60-100厘米，茎直立，粗壮，无毛，多分枝；茎下部的叶密生，条状披针形，无柄，全缘，茎上部的叶交互对生，卵状披针形，先端锐尖，基部心形而多为抱茎，长5-8厘米，宽1-1.5 厘米。总状花序顶生，有2-4伞梗，呈伞状，基部有2-4片叶，轮生，每伞梗又作数回叉状分
分    布：各地
生    境：栽培
繁殖方式：种子
习    性：阳生
药用部位：种子
药用功能：逐水消肿、杀虫
药用主治：逐水消肿、杀虫

《Flora of China》 Vol. 11 (2008)
Euphorbia lathyris  Linnaeus
续随子   xu sui zi
Herbs, annual, erect, up to 1(-1.5) m tall. Rootstock a simple taproot, slightly swollen in seedlings, up to more than 20 cm × 3-7 mm thick; lateral roots thin and branched. Stem single, gray-green, smooth and glabrous. Leaves opposite, decussate; stipules absent; petiole absent; leaf blade linear-lanceolate, 6-15(-20) × 0.4-2.5 cm, glabrous, base ± clasping stem, margin entire, apex acuminate or acute; midrib prominent adaxially, lateral veins inconspicuous. Inflorescence a terminal pseudumbel, often compound, eventually broad and lax; primary involucral leaves (2-)4 or 5(or 6), slightly yellowish green, narrowly elliptic to ovate-elliptic, somewhat unequal, margin entire, base rounded, primary rays (3 or)4 or 5; cymes regularly many forked; cyathophylls 2, ovate-triangular, 3-8 × 2-4 cm, base truncate to clasping, margin entire, apex acuminate or acute. Cyathium subsessile; involucre subcampanulate, 2.5-4 × 2.5-3.5(-5) mm, lobes triangular-oblong, less repanded or lobed; glands 4, dark brown, transversely oblong-reniform with a club-shaped horn at each tip. Male flowers many, exserted from involucre. Female flower exserted from cup; ovary smooth, glabrous; styles free, slender and long, caducous; style arms 2-lobed. Capsule trigonous-globose, ca. 10 × 13-17 mm, smooth, glabrous. Seeds ovoid-globose to barrel-shaped, 5-8 × 4-6 mm, brown or gray-brown, with black-brown spots on surface, sharply rugulose; caruncle ca. 1.5 mm wide, yellowish, sessile, easily lost. Fl. Apr-Jul. 2n = 20*.
Weed of cultivation. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [N Africa, America, Asia, Europe].
Euphorbia lathyris is a very isolated species that is adventive in many parts of the world. It is probably native only in the Mediterranean region.

The seeds are used medicinally. The seed oil (ca. 50%) can also be widely used in industry, and there has been some work on the development of Euphorbia lathyris as a commercial crop, particularly by the selection of forms with indehiscent fruits.