甘肃大戟Euphorbia kansuensis Prokh.
甘肃大戟Euphorbia kansuensis Prokh.
46. 甘肃大戟（云南植物研究） 阴山大戟（植物分类学报） 图版26: 1-3
Euphorbia kansuensis Prokh. in Bull. Acad. Sc. URSS ser. 6, 20: 1371 in obs et 1383 in clavi, 1926 et 203. 1927 descr.; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7(2): 229, 1931; T. N. Lion in Contrib. Lab. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peiping 1 (1): 7. 1931, P. P.; J. S. Ma & C. Y. Wu in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 14 (4): 366, 1992; et in Collect. Bot. 21: 111. 1992; 横断山维管植物1: 1065, 1993.——E. yinshanica S. Q. Zhou ＆ G. H. Liu in Acta Phytotaxon. Sin. 27 (1): 77. f. 1. 1989. ——E. ebracteolata auct. Non Hayata: 江苏植物志2: 414.图1411-1982. ——E. fischeriana auct. non Steud.: 河南植物志2: 488.图1403. 1986.
多年生草本，全株无毛。根圆柱状，肉质，分枝或否，长10-30厘米，直径3-7厘米。茎单一直立，高20-60厘米，直径3-7毫米。叶互生，线形、线状披针形或倒披针形，变化较大，较典型的呈长圆形，长6-9厘米，宽1-2厘米，先端圆或渐尖，基部渐狭或呈楔形；侧脉羽状，不明显；无柄；总苞叶3-5-8枚，同茎生叶；苞叶2枚，卵状三角形，长2-2.5厘米，宽2.2-2.7厘米，先端尖，基部平截或略内凹。花序单生二歧分枝顶端，无柄；总苞钟状，高与直径均2.5-3.0 毫米，边缘4裂，裂片三角状卵形，全缘；腺体4，半圆形，暗褐色。雄花多枚，伸出总苞之外；雌花工枚，子房柄长约3毫米，伸出总苞外；子房光滑无毛；花柱3,中部以下合生；柱头2裂。蒴果三角状球形，长5.0-5.8毫米，直径5-6毫米，具微皱纹，无毛；花柱宿存；成熟时分裂为3个分果爿。种子三棱状卵形，长与直径均约4毫米；淡褐色至灰褐色，光滑，腹面具一条纹；种阜具柄。花果期4-6月
产于内蒙古（九峰山）、河北（内丘、藁城）、山西、陕西、宁夏、甘肃、青海、江苏、河南、湖北（随县）、四川（西北）等地。生于山坡、草丛、沟谷、灌丛或林缘等。模式标本采自甘肃。
肉质根入药，据云同狼毒。
本种与狼毒 E. fischeriana 极相似，但茎基部无鳞片状叶，子房及蒴果均无白色柔毛，故易区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 11 (2008)
Euphorbia kansuensis Prokhanov
甘肃大戟 gan su da ji
Euphorbia yinshanica S. Q. Zhou.
Herbs, erect, to 20 cm tall, gray-green. Rootstock tuberous or rhizomatous, 10-30 × 3-7(-20) mm, branched or not. Stems often solitary, 5-7 mm thick, upper parts with many slender axillary branches, thinly pilose. Leaves mostly alternate, occasionally opposite on lateral branches; stipules absent; basal scale-leaves few, relatively long and narrow; petiole absent; leaf blade very variable, linear, linear-lanceolate, or oblanceolate, usually oblong, 6-9 × 1-2 cm, gray-green, sparsely pilose, base cuneate, margin entire, apex rounded or acuminate; midrib prominent abaxially, lateral veins inconspicuous. Inflorescence an inconspicuous terminal pseudumbel surrounded by many axillary cymes; primary involucral leaves 3-5(-8), similar to normal leaves, primary rays usually 5, 1-3 cm; cymes rather congested; cyathophylls 2, ovate-triangular, 2-2.5 × 2.2-2.7 cm, base truncate or emarginate, apex acute. Cyathium sessile; involucre campanulate, 2.5-3 × 2.5-3 mm, lobes triangular-ovate, entire; glands 4, dark brown to brownish yellow, rounded. Male flowers many, exserted from involucre. Female flower: ovary pedicel ca. 3 mm and exserted from cup; ovary smooth, glabrous; styles connate below middle, persistent; style arms shortly 2-lobed. Capsule trigonous-globose, 5-5.8 × 5-6 mm, obscurely rugose, glabrous. Seeds trigonal-ovoid, ca. 4 × 4 mm, light brown to gray-brown, smooth, adaxially striate; caruncle white, stipitate. Fl. and fr. Apr-Jun.
● Steppes, slopes, valleys, scrub, fields, forest margins. Gansu, Hebei (Gaocheng, Neiqiu), Henan, Hubei (Suixian), N Jiangsu, Nei Mongol (Yin Shan), Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, NW Sichuan.
This species is similar in general to Euphorbia fischeriana but differs by the glabrous, not pilose, ovary.
The root is used medicinally.
别名：阴山大戟;
科名：大戟科 Euphorbiaceae
属名：大戟属 Euphorbia
46. 甘肃大戟（云南植物研究） 阴山大戟（植物分类学报） 图版26: 1-3
Euphorbia kansuensis Prokh. in Bull. Acad. Sc. URSS ser. 6, 20: 1371 in obs et 1383 in clavi, 1926 et 203. 1927 descr.; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7(2): 229, 1931; T. N. Lion in Contrib. Lab. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peiping 1 (1): 7. 1931, P. P.; J. S. Ma & C. Y. Wu in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 14 (4): 366, 1992; et in Collect. Bot. 21: 111. 1992; 横断山维管植物1: 1065, 1993.——E. yinshanica S. Q. Zhou ＆ G. H. Liu in Acta Phytotaxon. Sin. 27 (1): 77. f. 1. 1989. ——E. ebracteolata auct. Non Hayata: 江苏植物志2: 414.图1411-1982. ——E. fischeriana auct. non Steud.: 河南植物志2: 488.图1403. 1986.
多年生草本，全株无毛。根圆柱状，肉质，分枝或否，长10-30厘米，直径3-7厘米。茎单一直立，高20-60厘米，直径3-7毫米。叶互生，线形、线状披针形或倒披针形，变化较大，较典型的呈长圆形，长6-9厘米，宽1-2厘米，先端圆或渐尖，基部渐狭或呈楔形；侧脉羽状，不明显；无柄；总苞叶3-5-8枚，同茎生叶；苞叶2枚，卵状三角形，长2-2.5厘米，宽2.2-2.7厘米，先端尖，基部平截或略内凹。花序单生二歧分枝顶端，无柄；总苞钟状，高与直径均2.5-3.0 毫米，边缘4裂，裂片三角状卵形，全缘；腺体4，半圆形，暗褐色。雄花多枚，伸出总苞之外；雌花工枚，子房柄长约3毫米，伸出总苞外；子房光滑无毛；花柱3,中部以下合生；柱头2裂。蒴果三角状球形，长5.0-5.8毫米，直径5-6毫米，具微皱纹，无毛；花柱宿存；成熟时分裂为3个分果爿。种子三棱状卵形，长与直径均约4毫米；淡褐色至灰褐色，光滑，腹面具一条纹；种阜具柄。花果期4-6月
产于内蒙古（九峰山）、河北（内丘、藁城）、山西、陕西、宁夏、甘肃、青海、江苏、河南、湖北（随县）、四川（西北）等地。生于山坡、草丛、沟谷、灌丛或林缘等。模式标本采自甘肃。
肉质根入药，据云同狼毒。
本种与狼毒 E. fischeriana 极相似，但茎基部无鳞片状叶，子房及蒴果均无白色柔毛，故易区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 11 (2008)
Euphorbia kansuensis Prokhanov
甘肃大戟 gan su da ji
Euphorbia yinshanica S. Q. Zhou.
Herbs, erect, to 20 cm tall, gray-green. Rootstock tuberous or rhizomatous, 10-30 × 3-7(-20) mm, branched or not. Stems often solitary, 5-7 mm thick, upper parts with many slender axillary branches, thinly pilose. Leaves mostly alternate, occasionally opposite on lateral branches; stipules absent; basal scale-leaves few, relatively long and narrow; petiole absent; leaf blade very variable, linear, linear-lanceolate, or oblanceolate, usually oblong, 6-9 × 1-2 cm, gray-green, sparsely pilose, base cuneate, margin entire, apex rounded or acuminate; midrib prominent abaxially, lateral veins inconspicuous. Inflorescence an inconspicuous terminal pseudumbel surrounded by many axillary cymes; primary involucral leaves 3-5(-8), similar to normal leaves, primary rays usually 5, 1-3 cm; cymes rather congested; cyathophylls 2, ovate-triangular, 2-2.5 × 2.2-2.7 cm, base truncate or emarginate, apex acute. Cyathium sessile; involucre campanulate, 2.5-3 × 2.5-3 mm, lobes triangular-ovate, entire; glands 4, dark brown to brownish yellow, rounded. Male flowers many, exserted from involucre. Female flower: ovary pedicel ca. 3 mm and exserted from cup; ovary smooth, glabrous; styles connate below middle, persistent; style arms shortly 2-lobed. Capsule trigonous-globose, 5-5.8 × 5-6 mm, obscurely rugose, glabrous. Seeds trigonal-ovoid, ca. 4 × 4 mm, light brown to gray-brown, smooth, adaxially striate; caruncle white, stipitate. Fl. and fr. Apr-Jun.
● Steppes, slopes, valleys, scrub, fields, forest margins. Gansu, Hebei (Gaocheng, Neiqiu), Henan, Hubei (Suixian), N Jiangsu, Nei Mongol (Yin Shan), Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, NW Sichuan.
This species is similar in general to Euphorbia fischeriana but differs by the glabrous, not pilose, ovary.
The root is used medicinally.