火殃勒Euphorbia antiquorum Linn.
火殃勒Euphorbia antiquorum Linn.
24.火殃勒 (福建植物志) 金刚纂 (海南植物志) 图版15: 4-7
Euphorbia antiquorum Linn. Sp. Pl. 450. 1753; Boiss. in DC. Prodr. 15 (2): 81. 1862; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 256. 1887; Dunn＆Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform., add. ser. 10: 232. 1912; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 5: 242 f. 26: 1-7. 1925; 海南植物志2: 186. 1965; 河南植物志2: 484.图1396. 1986; 福建植物志3: 222.图152. 1987; J. S. Ma & C. Y. Wu in Collect. Bot. 21: 101. 1992.——E. trigoxia Haw., Syn. Pl. Succul. 127. 1812; Levl. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2, 6 764. 1906 non Miller 1786.
肉质灌木状小乔木，乳汁丰富。茎常三棱状，偶有四棱状并存，高3-5 (8)米，直径5-7厘米，上部多分枝；棱脊3条，薄而隆起，高达1-2厘米，厚3-5毫米，边缘具明显的三角状齿，齿间距离约1厘米；髓三棱状，糠质。叶互生于齿尖，少而稀疏，常生于嫩枝顶部，倒卵形或倒卵状长圆形，长2-5厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端圆，基部渐狭，全缘，两面无毛；叶脉不明显，肉质；叶柄极短；托叶刺状，长2-5毫米，宿存；苞叶2枚，下部结合，紧贴花序，膜质，与花序近等大。花序单生于叶腋，基部具2-3毫米短柄；总苞阔钟状，高约3毫米，直径约5毫米，边缘5裂，裂片半圆形，边缘具小齿；腺体5,全缘。雄花多数；苞片丝状；雌花1枚，花柄较长，常伸出总苞之外；子房柄基部具3枚退化的花被片；子房三棱状扁球形，光滑无毛；花柱3，分离；柱头2浅裂。蒴果三棱状扁球形，长3.4-4毫米，直径4-5毫米，成熟时分裂为3个分果爿。种子近球状，长与直径约2毫米，褐黄色，平滑；无种阜。花果期全年。
原产印度，我国南北方均有栽培，分布于热带亚洲
全株入药，具散瘀消炎、清热解毒之效。我国南方常作绿篱，并有逸为野生现象，北方多于温室栽培。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 11 (2008)
Euphorbia antiquorum Linnaeus
火殃勒 huo yang le
Trees or shrubs, 3-5(-8) m tall, glabrous except for cyathia. Stems 5-7 cm thick, green, 3(or 4)-ribbed, branching from upper parts; ribs prominent, winglike, up to 1-2 cm wide, 3-5 mm thick, prominently triangular toothed. Leaves alternate, apically clustered, caducous; spine shields small, stipules pricklelike, spines paired, 2-5 mm; petiole very short; leaf blade obovate or obovate-oblong, 2-5 × 1-2 cm, base attenuate, margin entire, apex rounded. Cyathia subterminal, single, peduncle 2-3 mm; cyathophylls as long as involucre, membranous; involucre broadly campanulate, ca. 3 × 5 mm, lobes 5, rounded, denticulate; glands 5, entire. Male flowers many; bracts linear. Female flower: ovary pedicellate, exserted from involucre, smooth and glabrous; styles free; stigma slightly 2-lobed. Capsule 3-lobed, compressed, 3.4-4 × 4-5 mm. Seeds subglobose, ca. 2 × 2 mm, brown-yellow, smooth; caruncle absent. Fl. and fr. all year.
Escaped or naturalized, more widely cultivated. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; wild origin obscure].
Euphorbia antiquorum is the type species for the genus Euphorbia. It is used medicinally.
别名：圆金刚;霸王树;霸王鞭;小青龙;火巷;火旺;铁篱笆;金刚藄;羊桠;扬丫;金刚钻;火熖;火殃力;金刚綦;百步回阳;火秧竻;金刚（纂）;金刚(繤);金刚;火映勒;火殃簕;羊不挨;五楞金刚;金刚树;金刚纂;三角麒麟;金刚篡;三角火旺;土沉香;金刚蓁;火殃筋;火殃;恒曲;大缠;火凤;紫木通;海旺;三角霸王鞭;洋丫簕;苔哥刺;金钢钻;金刚繤;龙骨刺;金钢纂;龙骨树;金钢繤;肉麒麟;火秧簕;
科名：大戟科 Euphorbiaceae
属名：大戟属 Euphorbia
24.火殃勒 (福建植物志) 金刚纂 (海南植物志) 图版15: 4-7
Euphorbia antiquorum Linn. Sp. Pl. 450. 1753; Boiss. in DC. Prodr. 15 (2): 81. 1862; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 256. 1887; Dunn＆Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform., add. ser. 10: 232. 1912; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 5: 242 f. 26: 1-7. 1925; 海南植物志2: 186. 1965; 河南植物志2: 484.图1396. 1986; 福建植物志3: 222.图152. 1987; J. S. Ma & C. Y. Wu in Collect. Bot. 21: 101. 1992.——E. trigoxia Haw., Syn. Pl. Succul. 127. 1812; Levl. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2, 6 764. 1906 non Miller 1786.
肉质灌木状小乔木，乳汁丰富。茎常三棱状，偶有四棱状并存，高3-5 (8)米，直径5-7厘米，上部多分枝；棱脊3条，薄而隆起，高达1-2厘米，厚3-5毫米，边缘具明显的三角状齿，齿间距离约1厘米；髓三棱状，糠质。叶互生于齿尖，少而稀疏，常生于嫩枝顶部，倒卵形或倒卵状长圆形，长2-5厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端圆，基部渐狭，全缘，两面无毛；叶脉不明显，肉质；叶柄极短；托叶刺状，长2-5毫米，宿存；苞叶2枚，下部结合，紧贴花序，膜质，与花序近等大。花序单生于叶腋，基部具2-3毫米短柄；总苞阔钟状，高约3毫米，直径约5毫米，边缘5裂，裂片半圆形，边缘具小齿；腺体5,全缘。雄花多数；苞片丝状；雌花1枚，花柄较长，常伸出总苞之外；子房柄基部具3枚退化的花被片；子房三棱状扁球形，光滑无毛；花柱3，分离；柱头2浅裂。蒴果三棱状扁球形，长3.4-4毫米，直径4-5毫米，成熟时分裂为3个分果爿。种子近球状，长与直径约2毫米，褐黄色，平滑；无种阜。花果期全年。
原产印度，我国南北方均有栽培，分布于热带亚洲
全株入药，具散瘀消炎、清热解毒之效。我国南方常作绿篱，并有逸为野生现象，北方多于温室栽培。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 11 (2008)
Euphorbia antiquorum Linnaeus
火殃勒 huo yang le
Trees or shrubs, 3-5(-8) m tall, glabrous except for cyathia. Stems 5-7 cm thick, green, 3(or 4)-ribbed, branching from upper parts; ribs prominent, winglike, up to 1-2 cm wide, 3-5 mm thick, prominently triangular toothed. Leaves alternate, apically clustered, caducous; spine shields small, stipules pricklelike, spines paired, 2-5 mm; petiole very short; leaf blade obovate or obovate-oblong, 2-5 × 1-2 cm, base attenuate, margin entire, apex rounded. Cyathia subterminal, single, peduncle 2-3 mm; cyathophylls as long as involucre, membranous; involucre broadly campanulate, ca. 3 × 5 mm, lobes 5, rounded, denticulate; glands 5, entire. Male flowers many; bracts linear. Female flower: ovary pedicellate, exserted from involucre, smooth and glabrous; styles free; stigma slightly 2-lobed. Capsule 3-lobed, compressed, 3.4-4 × 4-5 mm. Seeds subglobose, ca. 2 × 2 mm, brown-yellow, smooth; caruncle absent. Fl. and fr. all year.
Escaped or naturalized, more widely cultivated. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; wild origin obscure].
Euphorbia antiquorum is the type species for the genus Euphorbia. It is used medicinally.