锦绣杜鹃Rhododendron pulchrum Sweet
锦绣杜鹃Rhododendron pulchrum Sweet
286.锦绣杜鹃（中国树木分类学）鲜艳杜鹃（中国植物学会杂志）
Rhododendron pulchrum Sweet in Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, 2: t. 117. 1832; Wils. in Wils. et Rehd. Monog. Azal. 62: 1921; Rehd. in Stevenson, Spec. Rhodod. 97. 1930; Fang in Journ. Bot. Soc. China 2(2): 616. 1935; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学951. 1937; 中国高等植物图鉴3: 153. 图4259. 1974; 华南杜鹃花志41. 1983.——R. indicum var. smithii Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2. 343. 1830.——R. indicum var. pulchrum G. Don, Gen. Syst. 3: 845. 1834. ——R. phoeniceum f. smithii Wils. in Wils. et Rehd. , Monog. Azal. 62. 1921.
半常绿灌木，高1.5-2.5米；枝开展，淡灰褐色，被淡棕色糙伏毛。叶薄革质，椭圆状长圆形至椭圆状披针形或长圆状倒披针形，长2-5（-7）厘米，宽1-2.5厘米，先端钝尖，基部楔形，边缘反卷，全缘，上面深绿色，初时散生淡黄褐色糙伏毛，后近于无毛，下面淡绿色，被微柔毛和糙伏毛，中脉和侧脉在上面下凹，下面显著凸出；叶柄长3-6毫米，密被棕褐色糙伏毛。花芽卵球形，鳞片外面沿中部具淡黄褐色毛，内有粘质。伞形花序顶生，有花1-5朵；花梗长0.8-1.5厘米，密被淡黄褐色长柔毛；花萼大，绿色，5深裂，裂片披针形，长约1.2厘米，被糙伏毛；花冠玫瑰紫色，阔漏斗形，长4.8-5.2厘米，直径约6厘米，裂片5，阔卵形，长约3.3厘米，具深红色斑点；雄蕊10，近于等长，长3.5-4厘米，花丝线形，下部被微柔毛；子房卵球形，长3毫米，径2毫米，密被黄褐色刚毛状糙伏毛，花柱长约5厘米，比花冠稍长或与花冠等长，无毛。蒴果长圆状卵球形，长0.8-1厘米，被刚毛状糙伏毛，花萼宿存。花期4-5月，果期9-10月。
产江苏、浙江、江西、福建、湖北、湖南、广东和广西。著名栽培种，传说产我国，但至今未见野生，栽培变种和品种繁多，不予列出。
本种与白花杜鹃 R. mucronatum G. Don 相似，但本种的花冠为玫瑰紫色，植物体各部无腺头毛，易于区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 14 (2005)
Rhododendron x pulchrum
锦绣杜鹃 jin xiu du juan
Shrubs, semievergreen, 1.5–2.5 tall; branches coarsely pale brown strigose. Petiole 3–6 mm, densely appressed setose; leaf blade thinly leathery, elliptic-oblong to elliptic-lanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, 2–5(–7) × 1–2.5 cm; base cuneate; margin revolute and entire; apex obtuse. Inflorescence 1–5-flowered. Pedicel 0.8–1.5 cm, densely yellowish brown villous; calyx deeply lobed; lobes lanceolate, large, ca. 1.2 cm, coarsely strigose; corolla broadly funnelform, rose-purple, with dark red flecks, 4.8–5.2 × ca. 6 cm; lobes broadly ovate, ca. 3.3 cm; stamens 10, subequal, 3.5–4 cm, filaments linear, pubescent below; ovary ovoid, ca. 3 × 2 mm, densely coarsely yellow-brown appressed setose; style ca. 5 cm, as long as or slightly longer than corolla, glabrous. Capsule oblong-ovoid, 8–10 mm, coarsely setose-strigose, calyx persistent. Fl. Apr–May, fr. Sep–Oct.
Cultivated. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
The name Rhododendron ×pulchrum applies to cultivated plants. It is said that the species originated in China, but it is unknown in the wild. According to Sweet, in the protologue, it is a horticultural hybrid derived from “R. ledifolium, of Hooker, impregnated by the pollen of the Old Red R. indicum.”
别名：毛鹃;春鹃;紫杜鹃;鲜艳杜鹃;毛杜鹃;艳紫杜鹃;夏鹃;鹃花;琉球红;
科名：杜鹃花科 Ericaceae
属名：杜鹃属 Rhododendron
286.锦绣杜鹃（中国树木分类学）鲜艳杜鹃（中国植物学会杂志）
Rhododendron pulchrum Sweet in Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, 2: t. 117. 1832; Wils. in Wils. et Rehd. Monog. Azal. 62: 1921; Rehd. in Stevenson, Spec. Rhodod. 97. 1930; Fang in Journ. Bot. Soc. China 2(2): 616. 1935; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学951. 1937; 中国高等植物图鉴3: 153. 图4259. 1974; 华南杜鹃花志41. 1983.——R. indicum var. smithii Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2. 343. 1830.——R. indicum var. pulchrum G. Don, Gen. Syst. 3: 845. 1834. ——R. phoeniceum f. smithii Wils. in Wils. et Rehd. , Monog. Azal. 62. 1921.
半常绿灌木，高1.5-2.5米；枝开展，淡灰褐色，被淡棕色糙伏毛。叶薄革质，椭圆状长圆形至椭圆状披针形或长圆状倒披针形，长2-5（-7）厘米，宽1-2.5厘米，先端钝尖，基部楔形，边缘反卷，全缘，上面深绿色，初时散生淡黄褐色糙伏毛，后近于无毛，下面淡绿色，被微柔毛和糙伏毛，中脉和侧脉在上面下凹，下面显著凸出；叶柄长3-6毫米，密被棕褐色糙伏毛。花芽卵球形，鳞片外面沿中部具淡黄褐色毛，内有粘质。伞形花序顶生，有花1-5朵；花梗长0.8-1.5厘米，密被淡黄褐色长柔毛；花萼大，绿色，5深裂，裂片披针形，长约1.2厘米，被糙伏毛；花冠玫瑰紫色，阔漏斗形，长4.8-5.2厘米，直径约6厘米，裂片5，阔卵形，长约3.3厘米，具深红色斑点；雄蕊10，近于等长，长3.5-4厘米，花丝线形，下部被微柔毛；子房卵球形，长3毫米，径2毫米，密被黄褐色刚毛状糙伏毛，花柱长约5厘米，比花冠稍长或与花冠等长，无毛。蒴果长圆状卵球形，长0.8-1厘米，被刚毛状糙伏毛，花萼宿存。花期4-5月，果期9-10月。
产江苏、浙江、江西、福建、湖北、湖南、广东和广西。著名栽培种，传说产我国，但至今未见野生，栽培变种和品种繁多，不予列出。
本种与白花杜鹃 R. mucronatum G. Don 相似，但本种的花冠为玫瑰紫色，植物体各部无腺头毛，易于区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 14 (2005)
Rhododendron x pulchrum
锦绣杜鹃 jin xiu du juan
Shrubs, semievergreen, 1.5–2.5 tall; branches coarsely pale brown strigose. Petiole 3–6 mm, densely appressed setose; leaf blade thinly leathery, elliptic-oblong to elliptic-lanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, 2–5(–7) × 1–2.5 cm; base cuneate; margin revolute and entire; apex obtuse. Inflorescence 1–5-flowered. Pedicel 0.8–1.5 cm, densely yellowish brown villous; calyx deeply lobed; lobes lanceolate, large, ca. 1.2 cm, coarsely strigose; corolla broadly funnelform, rose-purple, with dark red flecks, 4.8–5.2 × ca. 6 cm; lobes broadly ovate, ca. 3.3 cm; stamens 10, subequal, 3.5–4 cm, filaments linear, pubescent below; ovary ovoid, ca. 3 × 2 mm, densely coarsely yellow-brown appressed setose; style ca. 5 cm, as long as or slightly longer than corolla, glabrous. Capsule oblong-ovoid, 8–10 mm, coarsely setose-strigose, calyx persistent. Fl. Apr–May, fr. Sep–Oct.
Cultivated. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
The name Rhododendron ×pulchrum applies to cultivated plants. It is said that the species originated in China, but it is unknown in the wild. According to Sweet, in the protologue, it is a horticultural hybrid derived from “R. ledifolium, of Hooker, impregnated by the pollen of the Old Red R. indicum.”