栏目

树生杜鹃Rhododendron dendrocharis Franch.

树生杜鹃Rhododendron dendrocharis Franch.

别名:

科名:杜鹃花科 Ericaceae

属名:杜鹃属 Rhododendron

《中国植物志》第57(1)卷052页
  37.树生杜鹃(中国高等植物图鉴)
  Rhododendron dendrocharis Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 33: 233. 1886; Rehd. et Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 1: 525. 1913; Hutch. in Stevenson. Spec. Rhodod. 503. 1930; Fang in Contr. Lab. Sci. Soc. China Bot. 12: 74. 1939; id. , Icon. Pl. Omei. 1(1): Pl. 33. 1942; id. in R. H. S. Rhodod. Year Book, 2: 122. 1947; 中国高等植物图鉴3: 45. 1974; Cullen in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 39: 58. 1980; Davidian. Rhodod. Spec. 1: 290. 1982;中国四川杜鹃花188. 1986.
  灌木,通常附生,高50-70厘米。分枝细短,密集,幼枝有鳞片,密生棕色刚毛。叶芽鳞早落。叶厚革质,椭圆形,长0.9-1.8厘米,宽0.3-1厘米,顶端钝,有短尖头,基部宽楔形至钝形,边缘反卷,上面幼时有褐色刚毛,后脱落,下面密被鳞片,鳞片小,稍不等大,褐色,相距为其直径;叶柄长3-6毫米,被鳞片和刚毛。花序顶生, 1或2花伞形着生;花芽鳞宿存或早落;花梗长2-5毫米,密被刚毛,有鳞片;花萼5裂,裂片卵形,长2-3毫米,外面疏生鳞片,边缘有长缘毛;花冠宽漏斗状,长1.5-2.5厘米,鲜玫瑰红色,外面无鳞片,无毛,内面筒部有短柔毛,上部有深红色斑点;雄蕊10,不等长,长1.2-1.5厘米,短于花冠,花丝中部以下密被短柔毛;子房5室,密被鳞片,花柱细长,劲直或弯弓状,短于花冠,短于或略长于雄蕊,基部密生短柔毛。蒴果椭圆形或长圆形,长1-1.3厘米。花期4-6月,果期9-10月。
  产四川中南部至中西部。常附生于冷杉、铁杉或其他阔叶树上,海拔2 600-3 000米。模式标本采自四川宝兴。
形态特征:灌木,通常附生,高50--70厘米。分枝细短,密集,幼枝有鳞片,密生棕色刚毛。叶芽鳞早落。叶厚革质,椭圆形,长0.9—1.8厘米,宽0.3—1厘米,顶端钝,有短尖 头,基部宽楔形至钝形,边缘反卷,上面幼时有褐色刚毛,后脱落,下面密被鳞片,鳞 片小,稍不等大,褐色,相距为其直径;叶柄长3—6毫米,被鳞片和刚毛。花序顶生, 1或2花伞形着生;花芽鳞宿存或早落;花梗长2—5毫米,密被刚毛,有鳞片;花萼5 裂,裂片卵形,长2—3毫米,外面疏生鳞片,边缘有长缘毛;花冠宽漏斗状,长1.5— 2.5厘米,鲜玫瑰红色,外面无鳞片,无毛,内面筒部有短柔毛,上部有深红色斑点; 雄蕊10,不等长,长1.2--1.5厘米,短于花冠,花丝中部以下密被短柔毛;子房5室, 密被鳞片,花柱细长,劲直或弯弓状,短于花冠,短于或略长于雄蕊,基部密生短柔 毛。蒴果椭圆形或长圆形,长1--1.3厘米。 花期4-6月,果期9—10月。
产地分布:产四川中南部至中西部。常附生于冷杉、铁杉或其他阔叶树上,海拔2 600—3 000 米。模式标本采自四川宝兴。
参考文献:Rhododendron dendrocharis Franch.In Bull.Soc.Bot.France,33:233.1886;Re— hd.et Wils in Sargent,P1.Wils.1:525.1913;Hutch.In Stevenson.Spec.Rhodod. 503-1930;Fang in Contr.Lab.Sci.Soc.China Bot.12:?4.1939;id,Icon.Pl. Omei.1(1):Pl.33.1942;id.inR.H,S.Rhodod.Year Book,2:122.1947;中国 高等植物图鉴3:45.1974;Cullen in Not,Bot.Gard.Edinb,39:58.1980;Davidian. Rhodod,Spec.1:290.1982;中国四川杜鹃花188.1986.
亚组概述:Subsect.Moupinensia Sleumer in Bot,Jahrb.74:534. 1949.——Set.Moupinense sensu Hutch.In Stevenson,Spec.Rhodod.502.1930;Da- vidian,Rhodod,Spec.1:289.1982.常绿小灌木,通常附尘。幼枝有鳞片,密生或疏生刚毛,老枝宿存刚毛或无毛。叶 革质,边缘反卷,有缘毛,下面密被鳞片;叶柄密生刚毛。花序顶生,1—2花伞形着 生;花萼发育,5裂;花冠宽漏斗形,白色,淡红或玫红,外面无鳞片;雄蕊10,花丝 下部被毛;子房5室,密被鳞片,花柱细长,劲直,无鳞片,无毛或基部有短柔毛。蒴 果长圆形或椭圆形。种子有翅或有鳍状物。 亚组的模式种:宝兴杜鹃Rhododendron moupinense Franch. 本亚组共3种,为我国特产。分布四川西部。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 14 (2005)
Rhododendron dendrocharis  Franchet
树生杜鹃   shu sheng du juan
Shrubs, often epiphytic, 0.5–0.7 m tall; branches thin and short; young shoots scaly, densely brown-hispid. Petiole scaly, hispid; leaf blade thickly leathery, elliptic, 0.9–1.8 × 0.3–1 cm; base broadly cuneate to blunt; apex obtuse, apiculate; abaxial surface scales dense, ca. 1 × their own diameter apart, small, unequal, brown; adaxial surface with a very short-lived brown-hispid indumentum. Inflorescence terminal, cymose, 1- or 2-flowered. Pedicel 0.2–0.5 cm, scaly, densely hispid; calyx lobes 5, 2–3 mm, ovate, sparsely scaly; corolla broadly funnelform, fresh rosy red, with deep red markings inside tube, 1.5–2.5 cm, outer surface glabrous, inner surface of tube pubescent; stamens 10, unequal, 1.2–1.5 cm, shorter than corolla; filaments densely pubescent in lower half; ovary 5-locular, densely scaly; style slender, erect or curved, shorter than corolla, shorter or slightly longer than stamens; base densely pubescent. Capsule ovate or cylindric, 10–13 mm. Fl. Apr–Jun, fr. Sep–Oct.
Epiphytic on Abies, Tsuga, or broad-leaved trees; 2600–3000 m. Sichuan.

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