栏目

马蹄沟繁缕Elatine hydropiper Linn.

马蹄沟繁缕Elatine hydropiper Linn.

科名:沟繁缕科 Elatinaceae

属名:沟繁缕属 Elatine

《中国植物志》第50(2)卷135页
  1.马蹄沟繁缕(东北草本植物志)图版37:1-6
  Elatine hydropiper Linn. sp. pl. 369. 1753; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 1: 421. 1842; Gorschk. in Schichk. et Bobr. Fl. URSS 15: 265. 1949;东北草本植物志6: 76. 1977,
  一年生草本,高2-4厘米,匍匐,具上升的枝,节部生根。叶对生,长圆形、长圆状椭圆形或近于匙形,长2-5毫米,宽0.5毫米,先端钝,基部渐狭为柄,全缘;叶柄在茎上部者较短,在下部者较长;托叶小,稍明显。花单生叶腋,近无梗或具极短的梗;萼片4,长圆形,长0.6-7(-0.9)毫米,宽0.3毫米,先端圆形;花瓣4,倒卵形或广椭圆形,长0.8-1.毫米,宽约0.4毫米,先端圆形,较萼片稍长和宽;雄蕊8,比花瓣短;子房上位,4室,花柱4。果实扁球形,直径约2毫米,4瓣裂。种子多数,弯曲呈马蹄形,长0.5-0.7毫米,具细密横六角形网纹。
  产东北各省。生于河流沿岸水中及池沼中。苏联及其它欧洲国家也有分布。
形态特征:一年生水生草本。茎纤细,长2~4厘米,匍匐,具上升的枝,节部生根。叶对生,长圆形或近于匙形,长2~5毫米,宽约0.5毫米,顶端钝,基部渐狭为柄,全缘,托叶小,稍明显。花单生于叶腋,近无梗或具极短的梗,萼片4,长圆形,长0.6~0.9毫米,宽约0。3毫米,顶端圆形,基部连合,花瓣4, 倒卵形或宽椭圆形,长0.8~1毫米,宽约0.4毫米,顶端圆形,较萼片稍长,雄蕊8,比花瓣短,于房上位,4室,花柱4。蒴果扁球形,膜质,径约2毫米, 4瓣裂,种子多数, 弯曲呈马蹄形, 长0.5~0.7毫米,具细小横的六角形网纹。
生长环境:生于水边湿地上。
花期果期:
用    途:

《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Elatine hydropiper  Linnaeus
马蹄沟繁缕   ma ti gou fan lü
Plants 2-4 cm tall. Branches ascending. Leaves opposite; stipules small, slightly conspicuous; petioles on upper part of stem shorter, those on lower part longer; leaf blade oblong, oblong-elliptic, or subspatulate, 2-5 × ca. 0.5 mm, base attenuate into petiole, margin entire, apex obtuse. Flowers solitary in leaf axils, subsessile or very shortly pedicellate. Sepals 4, oblong, 0.6-7(-0.9) × ca. 0.3 mm, apex rounded. Petals 4, obovate or broadly elliptic, 0.8-1 × ca. 0.4 mm, slightly longer and wider than sepals, apex rounded. Stamens 8, shorter than petals. Ovary 4-loculed; styles 4. Capsule compressed globose, ca. 2 mm in diam., 4-septicidal. Seeds horseshoe-shaped, 0.5-0.7 mm, finely and densely hexagonal reticulate-striate.
Pools, water on river banks, marshy places. Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning [Russia (Siberia); Europe].

TOP