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长叶茅膏菜Drosera indica Linn.

长叶茅膏菜Drosera indica Linn.

别名:捕蝇草;印度茅膏菜;捕绳草;满露草;

科名:茅膏菜科 Droseraceae

属名:茅膏菜属 Drosera

《中国植物志》第34(1)卷018页
  2.长叶茅膏菜(海南植物志)捕蝇草、满露草(广东海南)图版7
  Drosera indica L. Sp. Pl. 282. 1753; Wight. Illustr. Ind. Bot. 44. t. 20. fig. c. 1840; C. B. Clarke in Hk. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 424. 1879; Diels in Engl. Pflanzenr. 26 (IV. 112): 77. fig. 29. 1906; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 84. 1927; 侯宽昭等, 海南植物志 1: 372. 图192. 1964; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 74. 图1878. 1972; T. S. Liu in Fl. Taiwan 2: 649. pl. 434. 1976. ——Drosera makinoi Masamune in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Form. 25: 111. 1935.
  一年生草本,无球茎,高6-38厘米,直立或匍匐状,茎被短腺毛。叶互生,淡绿色或红色,线形,扁平,长2-12厘米,宽1-3毫米,上部叶伸直,下部叶下弯成支柱状;托叶通常不存在,稀退化成毛状;叶柄与叶片常不易区别,有时比叶片狭,被短腺毛或无毛,无毛部位长0.8-2厘米;叶片部位被白色或红色长腺毛。花序与叶近对生或腋生,长6-30厘米,具花5-20朵,被短腺毛;苞片长1.5-7毫米,线形,被短腺毛;花柄长6-10毫米,被短腺毛;萼5裂至近基部,裂片披针形或长圆形,长约4毫米,被短腺毛,全缘或具腺齿;花瓣5,具脉纹,倒卵形或倒披针形,长约6毫米,白色、淡红色至紫红色;雄蕊5,长约5毫米,花丝扁平,花药纵裂;子房圆柱形、倒卵形或近球形,胎座3;花柱3,每个二深裂至近基部,顶部常向内弯卷。蒴果倒卵球形,长4-6毫米,果爿3;种子多数,细小,黑色,种皮脉纹加厚成蜂房格状。花果期全年。
  产台湾、福建、广东和广西等省区及沿海岛屿。生于海拔600米以下的潮湿旷地或水田边。分布于亚洲、非洲和大洋洲的热带和亚热带地区。模式标本采自印度。
形态特征:多年生湿生草本。茎长6~30厘米,常匍匐状,单生,很少分枝,被腺毛。叶互生,狭线形,长4~8厘米,有淡黄色的长腺毛,柄上有短腺毛,与叶片不易区别。花序与叶近于对生,长6~25厘米,有极短的腺毛,花梗长8~25毫米,萼片5,长圆形或披针形,长约4毫米,顶端急尖,外被极短腺毛,花瓣5,白色至粉红色,倒披针形,长6~7毫米,雄蕊5,子房圆柱形,花柱3,2深裂几达基部。蒴果倒卵球形,3~4瓣裂,种子多数,极细小,黑色。
生长环境:喜生于潮湿的旷地上或水田边。
花期果期:花果期全年(海南岛)。
用    途:

《Flora of China》 Vol. 8 (2001)
Drosera indica  Linnaeus
长叶茅膏菜   chang ye mao gao cai
Drosera makinoi Masamune.
Herbs annual, with fibrous roots. Stem unbranched, erect or procumbent, 2-50 cm, not forming tubers below ground, pubescent with short, glandular hairs. Leaves cauline, alternate, sparse; stipule absent or reduced and hairlike; petiole 5-10 mm, flattened or narrowed, glabrous; leaf blade simple, light green or red, narrowly linear, 2-12 cm × 1-3 mm, pubescent or glabrous, apex acute. Inflorescence axillary or leaf opposed, 6-50 cm, glandular; raceme 1-30-flowered; peduncle to 12 cm; bracts linear, 6-8 mm; pedicels 0.6-1.5 cm. Sepals 5, united near base, yellowish green, lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 3-5 × 1-2 mm, glandular, margin entire. Petals white, light red, orange, or reddish violet, obovate to oblanceolate, 5-10 × 3-4 mm, veined. Stamens 5, 3-5 mm, papillose. Ovary terete, obovate, or subglobose, 1-2 mm; placentas 3; styles 3, deeply 2-parted nearly to base, usually incurved; stigma simple, 2-3 mm. Capsule globose-obovoid, 3-valved, 4-6 mm. Seeds black, small; venation thick and scrobiculate. Fl. and fr. all year. 2n = 28*.
Wet places, soggy soils; sea level to 600 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan [Africa, E and SE Asia, Australia].

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