青梅Vatica mangachapoi Blanco

别名：青楣;青皮;海梅;油楠;苦香;苦叶;

科名：龙脑香科 Dipterocarpaceae

属名：青梅属 Vatica

《中国植物志》第50(2)卷130页
  3.青梅（海南植物志）青皮、海梅、苦香（海南），油楠（拉汉种子植物名称），青相（中国树木分类学）图版35: 6-10
  Vatica mangachapoi Blanco in Fl. Filip. ed. 1: 401. 1837.——V. astrotricha auct. non Hance: 海南植物志1: 516,f. 284. 1964; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 887, 图3502。1972。
  乔木，具白色芳香树脂，高约20米。小枝被星状绒毛。叶革质，全缘，长圆形至长圆状披针形，长5-13厘米，宽2-5厘米，先端渐尖或短尖，基部圆形或楔形，侧脉7-12对，两面均突起，网脉明显，无毛或被疏毛；叶柄长7-15毫米，密被灰黄色短绒毛。圆锥花序顶生或腋生，长4-8厘米，纤细，被银灰色的星状毛或鳞片状毛。花萼裂片5枚，镊合状排列，卵状披针形或长圆形，不等大，长约3毫米，宽约2毫米，两面密被星状毛或鳞片状毛；花瓣，枚，白色，有时为淡黄色或淡红色，芳香，长圆形或线状匙形，长约1厘米，宽约4毫米，外面密被毛，内面无毛；雄蕊15枚，花丝短，不等长，花药长圆形，药隔附属体短而钝；子房球形，密被短绒毛，花柱短，柱头头状，3裂。果实球形；增大的花萼裂片其中2枚较长，长3-4厘米，宽1-1.5厘米，先端圆形，具纵脉5条。花期5-6月，果期8-9月。
  产海南。生于丘陵、坡地林中，海拔700米以下。越南、泰国、菲律宾、印度尼西亚等有分布。模式标本采自菲律宾。
  木材心材比较大，耐腐、耐湿，用途近似坡垒，为优良的渔轮材之一；纺织方面可以做木梭；工业方面可以制尺、三角架、枪托以及其它美术工艺品等。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Vatica mangachapoi  Blanco
青梅   qing mei
Anisoptera mangachapoi (Blanco) Candolle; Dipterocar pus mangachapoi (Blanco) Blanco; Mocanera mangachapoi (Blanco) Blanco; Pteranthera sinensis Blume; Shorea mangachapoi (Blanco) Blume; Vatica apteranthera Blanco; V. hainanensis H. T. Chang & L. C. Wang; V. hainanensis var. glandipetala L. C. Wang; V. hainanensis var. parvifolia H. T. Chang; V. mangachapoi subsp. hainanensis (H. T. Chang & L. C. Wang) Y. K. Yang & J. K. Wu; V. mangachapoi var. glandipetala (L. C. Wang) Y. K. Yang & J. K. Wu; V. mangachapoi var. parvifolia (H. T. Chang) Y. K. Yang & J. K. Wu.
Trees to 20 m tall, white resinous. Branchlets stellate-puberulous. Petiole 1.5-2 cm, densely grayish yellow puberulous; leaf blade oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 5-13 × 2-5 cm, leathery, both surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent, lateral veins 7-10 pairs raised on both surfaces, tertiary veins conspicuous, base rounded or truncate, margin entire, apex acuminate or acute. Panicle terminal or axillary, 4-8 cm, slender, silver-gray stellate-pubescent. Calyx grayish yellow pubescent; sepals ovate-lanceolate or oblong, unequal, ca. 3.2 cm. Petals white, sometimes yellowish or reddish, oblong or linear-spatulate, ca. 10 × 4 mm, outside pubescent, inside glabrous. Stamens 15; filaments short, unequal; anthers oblong; connective appendages short, obtuse. Ovary globose, densely puberulous; style short; stigma capitate. Fruit globose; 2 calyx segments lorate, longer, 3-4 × 1-1.5 cm, longitudinally 5-veined, apex rounded; 3 shorter segments lanceolate, to 10 × 4 mm, apex acute. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Aug-Sep.
Forests on hills, mountain slopes; below 700 m. Hainan [Indonesia, Malaysia (N Borneo), Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
This species is vulnerable to extirpation in China due to habitat loss. The durable wood is used for making boats and building bridges and houses.

Records of Vatica astrotricha Hance from Hainan are referable to V. mangachapoi.