栏目

大花双参Triplostegia grandiflora Gagnep.

大花双参Triplostegia grandiflora Gagnep.

别名:萝卜参;岩花菜;对对参;子母参;羊蹄参;山苦参;合包参;大花囊苞;大花囊包花;双参;岩菊花;大花囊苞花;青羊参;

科名:川续断科 Dipsacaceae

属名:双参属 Triplostegia

《中国植物志》第73(1)卷047页
  1. 大花双参 青羊参,大花囊苞花 图版16: 4-5
  Triplostegia grandiflora Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 47: 333. 1900; Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 1055. 1936; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 335. 图6084. 1975.——T. delavayi Franch. ex Diels in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 5: 209. 1912.
  柔弱多年生直立草本,高20-45厘米;主根红棕色,常二歧,稍肥厚,略呈纺锤形,成对生长,长3-4厘米,径约0.5厘米,一个较大,一个较小。根茎纤维状,具2-4节,节间长约1厘米。茎纤细,单一,直立,微四棱形,具沟,被白色长柔毛和糙毛,有时夹有腺毛。叶对生,基部相连;下部叶轮廓倒卵形至倒卵状披针形,长3-8厘米,先端圆,基部渐狭,无柄,2-3对羽状深裂或浅裂,中裂片大,宽椭圆形,两侧裂片渐小或呈牙齿状,边缘锯齿状或具钝齿,上面浓绿色,下面苍白色,粗糙而厚,两面被长柔毛,茎上部叶依次渐小成苞片状。花成疏松顶生二歧聚伞圆锥花序,第1-2回分枝细长,密被白色平展毛和腺毛;分枝处各有一对苞片,线形,长0.5厘米,顶端钝,边缘有浅齿或全缘,具1脉;下部苞叶状,长约2厘米,边缘浅裂或锯齿状,密被白色平展毛和腺毛。花梗长2-3毫米;小总苞萼状,4裂,裂片披针形,长2-3毫米,端急尖,密被黑色腺毛;萼筒卵形,具8条肋,檐部具5齿,齿端急尖,被长硬毛;花冠白色带粉红色,基部狭筒状,上部漏斗形,近辐射对称,长1-1.2厘米,外面微被白色柔毛,裂片5,长为花冠的1/3,先端钝;雄蕊4,插生花冠管上部,稍伸出,花药黄色,内向;子房下位,包围于狭长圆形囊状小总苞内,花柱短于雄蕊,柱头头状。瘦果包于囊苞内,果时囊苞4裂,裂片先端直尖:无曲钩。花果期7-10月。
  产于云南、四川。生于海拔2000-3000米的山谷林下、林缘、草坡等处。模式标本采自云南。
  云南用根入药,有调经活血、益肾的功能。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Triplostegia grandiflora  Gagnepain Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 47: 333. 1901.
大花双参   da hua shuang shen
Triplostegia delavayi Franchet ex Diels.
Herbs, perennial, erect, 20-45 cm tall. Taproots often dichotomous, nearly fusiform, 30-40 × ca. 5 mm, slightly fleshy. Rhizomes short, nodes 2-4, internodes ca. 1 cm. Stems solitary, simple, slightly 4-angular, white villous, sometimes glandular hairy above. Leaves opposite, sessile, slightly amplexicaul, obovate to obovate-lanceolate, 3-8 cm, both surfaces villous, base cuneate, apex rounded, pinnatifid or pinnatilobate; terminal lobe largest, all lobes serrate; upper leaves gradually smaller and becoming bractlike. Inflorescence branches elongate, densely white villous and glandular hairy; bracts leaflike to linear, 5-20 mm, 1-veined, white villous and glandular hairy, margin shallowly serrate or entire, apex obtuse; pedicels 2-3 mm; outer involucel 4-lobed; lobes lanceolate, 2-3 mm, densely covered with black glandular hairs, apex acute; inner involucel ovoid, 8-ribbed; limb 5-dentate, teeth acute at base, hirsute. Calyx reduced. Corolla whitish rose, funnelform, nearly actinomorphic, 1-1.2 cm, outside sparsely puberulent, 5-lobed; lobes ca. 1/3 as long as total length of corolla, apex obtuse. Stamens slightly exserted; anthers yellow, introrse. Ovary enveloped by urceolate involucel; style shorter than stamens; stigma capitate. Achenes enveloped in involucels; lobes not hooked. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.
Forests, forest margins, grassy slopes; 2000-3000 m. SW Sichuan, N Yunnan [Bhutan].

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