溪洞碗蕨Dennstaedtia wilfordii (Moore) Christ
溪洞碗蕨Dennstaedtia wilfordii (Moore) Christ
3.溪洞碗蕨 图版XVIII，1-5
Dennstaedtia wilfordii (Moore) Chris, Geogr. d. Farne (1910) 195; Koidz, in Maebara, Fl. Austr.-Higo (1931) 2 ——Microlepia wilfordii Moore, Ind. Fil. (1861) 299; C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 428; Nakai. Fl. Kor. II (1911), 401; Fomin in Kom. Fl. URSS I (1934) 50; Ogata, Ic. Fil. Jap. II (1929) 82; De-Vol, Ferns East Centr. China in Note Bot. Chin. Mus. Heude No. 7 (1945) 86;傅书遐，中国主要植物图说（蕨类植物门）（1957）46页，57图；王薇等，东北草本植物志，第一卷（1958）27页，26图——Davallia wilfordii Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. (1867) 98; Christ, Farnkr. d. Erde (1897) 305——Davallia rhomboidea Hook. 2nd. Cent. Ferns (1860) t. 48, non Wall. 1828, nec Kze. 1850 ——Coptidipteris wilfordii Nakai et Momose in Cytologia Fujii Jub. I (1937) 365; Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. (1939) 29: H. Ito, Fil. Jap. Illustr. (1944) t. 12.
根状茎细长，横走，黑色，疏被棕色节状长毛。叶二列疏生或近生；柄长14厘米左右，粗仅1.5毫米，基部栗黑色，被与根状茎同样的长毛，向上为红棕色，或淡禾桿色，无毛，光滑，有光泽。叶片长27厘米左右，竟6-8厘米，长圆披针形，先端渐尖或尾头，2-3回羽状深裂；羽片12-14对，长2-6厘米，宽1-2.5厘米，卵状阔披针形或披针形，先端渐尖或尾头，羽柄长3-5毫米，互生，相距2-3厘米，斜向上，1-2回羽状深裂；一回小羽片长1-1.5厘米，宽不及1厘米，长圆卵形，上先出，基部楔形，下延，斜向上，羽状深裂或为粗锯齿状；末回羽片先端为2-3又的短尖头，边缘全缘。中脉不显，侧脉杆胭明显，弱状分叉，每小裂片有小脉1条，不到达叶边，先端有明显的纺锤形水囊。叶薄草质，干后淡缘或草缘色，通体光滑无毛；叶轴上面有沟，下面圆形，禾桿色。抱子囊群圆形，生末回羽片的腋中，或上侧小裂片先端；囊群盖半盅形，淡缘色，口边多少为囓蚀状，无毛。
产我国东北、河北（百花山附近张家铺）、山东、江苏、浙江（天目山）、安徽、江西、福建、湖南、湖北（宜昌）、四川、陕西。日本、朝鲜及西伯利亚东部也有分布。
本种与细毛碗蕨D. pillosella（Hook.）Ching近似，所不同的是叶质地较薄，全株无毛，叶柄为红棕色而有光泽，孢子有疣状突起，是本种在本属中的一些特点。
形态特征：草本，植株高40-60厘米，除根状及叶柄基部有疏的棕色有节的长毛外，余皆光滑。叶薄草质，长圆披针形，长25-35厘米，宽6-10厘米，2-3回羽状深裂；羽片10-14对，互生，长圆卵形，羽状深裂，边缘粗齿状。孢子囊群圆形，生于短的小裂片顶部，囊群盖浅杯形，绿色，向下弯曲。
用 途：全草供药用，有清热解毒功效，可治跌打损伤。
分 布：产尼叉河、泮水、木鱼坪、关门山。
生 境：生长在海拔800-1500米的林下沟边或岩石上。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Dennstaedtia wilfordii (T. Moore) Christ Index Filic., Suppl. 1: 24. 1913.
溪洞碗蕨 xi dong wan jue
Microlepia wilfordii T. Moore, Index Fil. 299. 1861, based on Davallia rhomboidea Hooker, Sec. Cent. Ferns, t. 48. 1860, not Wallich ex Kunze (1850); Coptidipteris wilfordii (T. Moore) Nakai & Momose; Davallia wilfordii (T. Moore) Baker.
Plants ca. 30 cm tall. Rhizome slender and long creeping, black, with sparse, brown, articulate, long hairs. Fronds distichous, scattered or nearly caespitose; stipe ca. 14 cm, only ca. 1.5 mm in diam., black-chestnut-brown at base, with same long hairs as on rhizome, red-brown upward, or straw-colored, glabrous, shiny; lamina light green or grass-green when dried, 2- or 3-pinnatisect, oblong-lanceolate, ca. 27 × 6-8 cm, thinly herbaceous, glabrous throughout, acuminate or caudate at apex; pinnae 12-14 pairs, alternate, 2-3 cm apart, oblique upward, with stalk 3-5 mm, ovate, broadly lanceolate, or lanceolate, 2-6 × 1-2.5 cm, pinnatisect or bipinnatisect, acuminate or caudate at apex; pinnules ovate-oblong, 1-1.5 cm, less than 1 cm wide, anadromous, cuneate at base, decurrent, oblique upward, pinnatisect or coarsely serrate; ultimate pinnae entire, 2- or 3-forked and shortly acuminate at apex. Midrib obscure, lateral veins slender and obvious, pinnate and furcate, each lobule with one veinlet, not reaching margin, with obvious fusiform hydathode at apex; rachis straw-colored, rounded abaxially, grooved adaxially. Sori orbicular, on ultimate pinna axil, or terminal on acroscopic lobules; indusium light green, half cup-shaped, erose at rim, glabrous.
● Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang.
The authors have not seen material of Davallia wilfordii var. contracta Christ (Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 4: 87-88. 1897).
别名：孔雀尾;旋鸡尾;万能解毒蕨;光叶碗蕨;魏氏鳞蕨;金丝蕨;
科名：碗蕨科 Dennstaedtiaceae
属名：碗蕨属 Dennstaedtia
3.溪洞碗蕨 图版XVIII，1-5
Dennstaedtia wilfordii (Moore) Chris, Geogr. d. Farne (1910) 195; Koidz, in Maebara, Fl. Austr.-Higo (1931) 2 ——Microlepia wilfordii Moore, Ind. Fil. (1861) 299; C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 428; Nakai. Fl. Kor. II (1911), 401; Fomin in Kom. Fl. URSS I (1934) 50; Ogata, Ic. Fil. Jap. II (1929) 82; De-Vol, Ferns East Centr. China in Note Bot. Chin. Mus. Heude No. 7 (1945) 86;傅书遐，中国主要植物图说（蕨类植物门）（1957）46页，57图；王薇等，东北草本植物志，第一卷（1958）27页，26图——Davallia wilfordii Bak. in Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. (1867) 98; Christ, Farnkr. d. Erde (1897) 305——Davallia rhomboidea Hook. 2nd. Cent. Ferns (1860) t. 48, non Wall. 1828, nec Kze. 1850 ——Coptidipteris wilfordii Nakai et Momose in Cytologia Fujii Jub. I (1937) 365; Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. (1939) 29: H. Ito, Fil. Jap. Illustr. (1944) t. 12.
根状茎细长，横走，黑色，疏被棕色节状长毛。叶二列疏生或近生；柄长14厘米左右，粗仅1.5毫米，基部栗黑色，被与根状茎同样的长毛，向上为红棕色，或淡禾桿色，无毛，光滑，有光泽。叶片长27厘米左右，竟6-8厘米，长圆披针形，先端渐尖或尾头，2-3回羽状深裂；羽片12-14对，长2-6厘米，宽1-2.5厘米，卵状阔披针形或披针形，先端渐尖或尾头，羽柄长3-5毫米，互生，相距2-3厘米，斜向上，1-2回羽状深裂；一回小羽片长1-1.5厘米，宽不及1厘米，长圆卵形，上先出，基部楔形，下延，斜向上，羽状深裂或为粗锯齿状；末回羽片先端为2-3又的短尖头，边缘全缘。中脉不显，侧脉杆胭明显，弱状分叉，每小裂片有小脉1条，不到达叶边，先端有明显的纺锤形水囊。叶薄草质，干后淡缘或草缘色，通体光滑无毛；叶轴上面有沟，下面圆形，禾桿色。抱子囊群圆形，生末回羽片的腋中，或上侧小裂片先端；囊群盖半盅形，淡缘色，口边多少为囓蚀状，无毛。
产我国东北、河北（百花山附近张家铺）、山东、江苏、浙江（天目山）、安徽、江西、福建、湖南、湖北（宜昌）、四川、陕西。日本、朝鲜及西伯利亚东部也有分布。
本种与细毛碗蕨D. pillosella（Hook.）Ching近似，所不同的是叶质地较薄，全株无毛，叶柄为红棕色而有光泽，孢子有疣状突起，是本种在本属中的一些特点。
形态特征：草本，植株高40-60厘米，除根状及叶柄基部有疏的棕色有节的长毛外，余皆光滑。叶薄草质，长圆披针形，长25-35厘米，宽6-10厘米，2-3回羽状深裂；羽片10-14对，互生，长圆卵形，羽状深裂，边缘粗齿状。孢子囊群圆形，生于短的小裂片顶部，囊群盖浅杯形，绿色，向下弯曲。
用 途：全草供药用，有清热解毒功效，可治跌打损伤。
分 布：产尼叉河、泮水、木鱼坪、关门山。
生 境：生长在海拔800-1500米的林下沟边或岩石上。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Dennstaedtia wilfordii (T. Moore) Christ Index Filic., Suppl. 1: 24. 1913.
溪洞碗蕨 xi dong wan jue
Microlepia wilfordii T. Moore, Index Fil. 299. 1861, based on Davallia rhomboidea Hooker, Sec. Cent. Ferns, t. 48. 1860, not Wallich ex Kunze (1850); Coptidipteris wilfordii (T. Moore) Nakai & Momose; Davallia wilfordii (T. Moore) Baker.
Plants ca. 30 cm tall. Rhizome slender and long creeping, black, with sparse, brown, articulate, long hairs. Fronds distichous, scattered or nearly caespitose; stipe ca. 14 cm, only ca. 1.5 mm in diam., black-chestnut-brown at base, with same long hairs as on rhizome, red-brown upward, or straw-colored, glabrous, shiny; lamina light green or grass-green when dried, 2- or 3-pinnatisect, oblong-lanceolate, ca. 27 × 6-8 cm, thinly herbaceous, glabrous throughout, acuminate or caudate at apex; pinnae 12-14 pairs, alternate, 2-3 cm apart, oblique upward, with stalk 3-5 mm, ovate, broadly lanceolate, or lanceolate, 2-6 × 1-2.5 cm, pinnatisect or bipinnatisect, acuminate or caudate at apex; pinnules ovate-oblong, 1-1.5 cm, less than 1 cm wide, anadromous, cuneate at base, decurrent, oblique upward, pinnatisect or coarsely serrate; ultimate pinnae entire, 2- or 3-forked and shortly acuminate at apex. Midrib obscure, lateral veins slender and obvious, pinnate and furcate, each lobule with one veinlet, not reaching margin, with obvious fusiform hydathode at apex; rachis straw-colored, rounded abaxially, grooved adaxially. Sori orbicular, on ultimate pinna axil, or terminal on acroscopic lobules; indusium light green, half cup-shaped, erose at rim, glabrous.
● Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang.
The authors have not seen material of Davallia wilfordii var. contracta Christ (Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 4: 87-88. 1897).