美小膜盖蕨Araiostegia pulchra (Don) Cop.
美小膜盖蕨Araiostegia pulchra (Don) Cop.
2.美小膜盖蕨（中国植物志）
Araiostegia pulchra (Don) Cop. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 34: 241. 1927; Ching in Chien et Chun, Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 2: 288, Pl. 21, f. 9-10. 1959; Tagawa et Iwatsuki in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 24: 180. 1970 et in Fl. Thailand 3 (2): 154. 1985; Icon. Corm. Sin. 1: 142, f. 284. 1972: Ching et al. in C. Y. Wu, Fl. Xizang. 1: 284, f. 67 (5-6). 1983. ——Davallia pulchra Don, Prodr. Nepal. 11. 1825: Christ, Farnkr. d. Erde 303. 1897; Nooteboom in Acta Phytotax. Sinica 34 (2): 172. 1996, pro parte. ——Leucostegia pulchra J. Sm. in London Journ. Bot. 1: 426. 1842: C. Chr. Ind. Fil. Suppl. 3: 121. 1934; Tard. -Blot et C. Chr. in Fl. Indo-Chine 7 (2): 114. 1939. ——Acrophorus pulchra Moore, Ind. Fil. 3. 1857; Bedd. Ferns S. Ind. t. 18. 1863-64. ——Humata pulchra Diels in Engl. u, Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (4): 209. 1899. ——Davallia chaerophylla Wall. List no. 259. 1828, nom. nud. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. 1: 157, t. 51 A. 1846.
植株高35-58厘米。根状茎长而横走，粗健，粗约5毫米，连同叶柄基部被鳞片；鳞片阔卵形，长4-5毫米，圆钝头，全缘，中央红棕色，边缘浅棕色，盾状着生，稀疏而紧贴，有褶皱。叶远生，相距1.5-4厘米；叶柄长10-25厘米，粗2.5-3毫米，棕禾秆色，光滑，上面有纵沟；叶片长卵形，长25-40厘米，宽12-20厘米，先端渐尖，四至五回羽状细裂；羽片约12对，互生，斜向上，密接，柄长2-3毫米，基部一对几与上方一对同形，卵状披针形，长8-12厘米，宽4-5厘米，各回小羽片上先出；一回小羽片10-12对，近互生，密接，斜展，柄长约1毫米，三角状长卵形，长1.5-3厘米，宽1-1.8厘米，尖头，基部不对称，上侧截形，下侧楔形，深羽裂达具狭翅的小羽轴；二回小羽片6-8对，互生，密接，无柄，斜展，斜卵形至椭圆形，基部上侧一片较大，长5-10毫米，宽2.5-5毫米，钝头，基部斜楔形，深羽裂；三回小羽片3-5对，互生，无柄，斜向上，楔形至倒卵形，长2-4毫米，宽1.5-3毫米，下部1-2对羽裂，向上的分叉，裂片镰刀状线形，宽约0.5毫米，极斜向上，尖头，全缘，单一或分叉；向上的羽片逐渐缩小，先端渐尖，基部斜楔形。叶脉不明显，分叉，每裂片有小脉1条，几达叶边。叶薄草质，干后暗绿色或棕绿色，无毛。孢子囊群小，多数，位于裂片缺裂处以下，着生于上侧短小脉的顶端；囊群盖半圆形，中部褐棕色，边缘色较浅，膜质，全缘，基部着生。
产四川 (石棉、木里、九龙、天全) 、云南 (大理、丽江、德钦、鹤庆、剑川、中甸、大姚、南娇、景洪) 、西藏 (波密、林芝、米林、工布江达、隆子、达旺) 。生山地林下沟边岩石上或树干上，海拔2300-3500米。叶于旱季枯死, 雨季生新叶。也分布于尼泊尔、印度及中南半岛。模式标本产地：尼泊尔。
种中文名：美小膜盖蕨
种拉丁名：Araiostegia pulchra (Don) Cop.
科中文名：骨碎补科
科拉丁名：Davalliaceae
属中文名：小膜盖蕨属
属拉丁名：Araiostegia
国内分布：产云南西北部（德钦、丽江、宾川）。
国外分布：喜马拉雅、尼泊尔、锡兰、越南、老挝及泰国也有分布。
【药 名】：美小膜盖蕨
【拼 音】：MEIXIAOMOGAIJUE
【来 源】：为骨碎补科植物美小膜盖蕨的根。
【功 效】：解毒杀虫。
【主 治】：用于蛔虫病。
【性味归经】：苦，平。入大肠经。
【用法用量】：内服：6-9克，水煎服。或研粉吞服1-3克。
【别 名】：蜈蚣草(云南)
【动植物资源分布】：主要产于四川、云南、西藏。
【拉丁名】：原植物美小膜盖蕨 Araiostegia pulchra (D。Dn) copel
【考 证】：始载于《新华本草纲要》。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Araiostegia pulchra (D. Don) Copeland Philipp. J. Sci. 34: 241. 1927.
美小膜盖蕨 mei xiao mo gai jue
Davallia pulchra D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 11. 1825; Acrophorus pseudocystopteris (Kunze) T. Moore; A. pulcher (D. Don) T. Moore; Araiostegia athamantica (Christ) Copeland; A. beddomei (C. Hope) Ching; A. delavayi (Beddome ex C. B. Clarke & Baker) Ching; A. imbricata Ching; A. pseudocystopteris (Kunze) Copeland; A. yunnanensis (Christ) Copeland; Davallia athamantica Christ; D. beddomei C. Hope; D. chaerophylla Wallich ex Hooker; D. imbricata (Ching) X. C. Zhang; D. pseudocystopteris Kunze; D. pulchra var. delavayi Beddome ex C. B. Clarke & Baker; D. pulchra var. pseudocystopteris (Kunze) C. B. Clarke; D. rigidula Baker; D. yunnanensis Christ; Davallodes beddomei (C. Hope) M. Kato & Tsutsumi; D. imbricata (Ching) M. Kato & Tsutsumi; D. pseudocystopteris (Kunze) M. Kato & Tsutsumi; D. pulchra (D. Don) M. Kato & Tsutsumi; D. yunnanensis (Christ) M. Kato & Tsutsumi; Humata chaerophylla (Wallich ex Hooker) Mettenius; H. pulchra (D. Don) Diels; H. yunnanensis (Christ) Ching; Leucostegia delavayi (Beddome ex C. B. Clarke & Baker) Ching; L. pseudocystopteris (Kunze) Beddome; L. pulchra (D. Don) J. Smith; L. yunnanensis (Christ) C. Christensen.
Rhizome 2-6 mm in diam. (without scales), not white waxy. Scales brown (often grayish), without pale border, broad, ovate to oblong-subdeltoid with rounded to acute apex, appressed to rhizome, usually crisped, margins recurved, basifixed with cordate base and much overlapping lobes, 2-5 mm, without multiseptate hairs, lacking marginal setae or teeth or those rare. Stipe pale, adaxially grooved, 10-20 cm, glabrous or with few scales (sometimes with more scales); lamina compound, tripinnate or quadripinnate, deltoid and broadest toward base, to elongate, often narrowing toward base, 12-50 × 7-40 cm, glabrous, not or slightly dimorphic. Longest petiolules 3-20 mm; pinnae deltoid or linear-triangular; longest pinnae 5-21 × 3-12 cm; pinnules of at least larger pinnae anadromous, linear-oblong or narrowly ovate; longest pinnules 25-70 × 10-35 mm; ultimate pinnae linear-oblong, lobed almost to midrib (each lobe bilobed again); ultimate segments or lobes obtuse or acute without a tooth, 0.5-3 × 0.6-1 mm. Rachises and costae glabrous. Veins in sterile ultimate lobes frequently simple, not reaching margin; false veins not present. Sori separate, frequently single on a segment, at forking point of veins or at bending point of a vein; indusium reniform or semicircular, attached at narrow, cordate base only, wider than long, 0.5-0.8 × 0.5-1 mm.
Wet forests, epiphytic and epilithic on granite and limestone; 400-3500 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, N Thailand, Vietnam].
Although Araiostegia pulchra is rather variable, especially because in different habitats the size may differ greatly, it is always recognizable by the broad, appressed, usually crisped rhizome scales.After comparing the types of Davallia pulchra and D. yunnanensis, the current authors consider them to be conspecific because of their similarity.
别名：蜈蚣草;小膜盖蕨;
科名：骨碎补科 Davalliaceae
属名：小膜盖蕨属 Araiostegia
2.美小膜盖蕨（中国植物志）
Araiostegia pulchra (Don) Cop. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 34: 241. 1927; Ching in Chien et Chun, Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 2: 288, Pl. 21, f. 9-10. 1959; Tagawa et Iwatsuki in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 24: 180. 1970 et in Fl. Thailand 3 (2): 154. 1985; Icon. Corm. Sin. 1: 142, f. 284. 1972: Ching et al. in C. Y. Wu, Fl. Xizang. 1: 284, f. 67 (5-6). 1983. ——Davallia pulchra Don, Prodr. Nepal. 11. 1825: Christ, Farnkr. d. Erde 303. 1897; Nooteboom in Acta Phytotax. Sinica 34 (2): 172. 1996, pro parte. ——Leucostegia pulchra J. Sm. in London Journ. Bot. 1: 426. 1842: C. Chr. Ind. Fil. Suppl. 3: 121. 1934; Tard. -Blot et C. Chr. in Fl. Indo-Chine 7 (2): 114. 1939. ——Acrophorus pulchra Moore, Ind. Fil. 3. 1857; Bedd. Ferns S. Ind. t. 18. 1863-64. ——Humata pulchra Diels in Engl. u, Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (4): 209. 1899. ——Davallia chaerophylla Wall. List no. 259. 1828, nom. nud. ; Hook. Sp. Fil. 1: 157, t. 51 A. 1846.
植株高35-58厘米。根状茎长而横走，粗健，粗约5毫米，连同叶柄基部被鳞片；鳞片阔卵形，长4-5毫米，圆钝头，全缘，中央红棕色，边缘浅棕色，盾状着生，稀疏而紧贴，有褶皱。叶远生，相距1.5-4厘米；叶柄长10-25厘米，粗2.5-3毫米，棕禾秆色，光滑，上面有纵沟；叶片长卵形，长25-40厘米，宽12-20厘米，先端渐尖，四至五回羽状细裂；羽片约12对，互生，斜向上，密接，柄长2-3毫米，基部一对几与上方一对同形，卵状披针形，长8-12厘米，宽4-5厘米，各回小羽片上先出；一回小羽片10-12对，近互生，密接，斜展，柄长约1毫米，三角状长卵形，长1.5-3厘米，宽1-1.8厘米，尖头，基部不对称，上侧截形，下侧楔形，深羽裂达具狭翅的小羽轴；二回小羽片6-8对，互生，密接，无柄，斜展，斜卵形至椭圆形，基部上侧一片较大，长5-10毫米，宽2.5-5毫米，钝头，基部斜楔形，深羽裂；三回小羽片3-5对，互生，无柄，斜向上，楔形至倒卵形，长2-4毫米，宽1.5-3毫米，下部1-2对羽裂，向上的分叉，裂片镰刀状线形，宽约0.5毫米，极斜向上，尖头，全缘，单一或分叉；向上的羽片逐渐缩小，先端渐尖，基部斜楔形。叶脉不明显，分叉，每裂片有小脉1条，几达叶边。叶薄草质，干后暗绿色或棕绿色，无毛。孢子囊群小，多数，位于裂片缺裂处以下，着生于上侧短小脉的顶端；囊群盖半圆形，中部褐棕色，边缘色较浅，膜质，全缘，基部着生。
产四川 (石棉、木里、九龙、天全) 、云南 (大理、丽江、德钦、鹤庆、剑川、中甸、大姚、南娇、景洪) 、西藏 (波密、林芝、米林、工布江达、隆子、达旺) 。生山地林下沟边岩石上或树干上，海拔2300-3500米。叶于旱季枯死, 雨季生新叶。也分布于尼泊尔、印度及中南半岛。模式标本产地：尼泊尔。
种中文名：美小膜盖蕨
种拉丁名：Araiostegia pulchra (Don) Cop.
科中文名：骨碎补科
科拉丁名：Davalliaceae
属中文名：小膜盖蕨属
属拉丁名：Araiostegia
国内分布：产云南西北部（德钦、丽江、宾川）。
国外分布：喜马拉雅、尼泊尔、锡兰、越南、老挝及泰国也有分布。
【药 名】：美小膜盖蕨
【拼 音】：MEIXIAOMOGAIJUE
【来 源】：为骨碎补科植物美小膜盖蕨的根。
【功 效】：解毒杀虫。
【主 治】：用于蛔虫病。
【性味归经】：苦，平。入大肠经。
【用法用量】：内服：6-9克，水煎服。或研粉吞服1-3克。
【别 名】：蜈蚣草(云南)
【动植物资源分布】：主要产于四川、云南、西藏。
【拉丁名】：原植物美小膜盖蕨 Araiostegia pulchra (D。Dn) copel
【考 证】：始载于《新华本草纲要》。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Araiostegia pulchra (D. Don) Copeland Philipp. J. Sci. 34: 241. 1927.
美小膜盖蕨 mei xiao mo gai jue
Davallia pulchra D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 11. 1825; Acrophorus pseudocystopteris (Kunze) T. Moore; A. pulcher (D. Don) T. Moore; Araiostegia athamantica (Christ) Copeland; A. beddomei (C. Hope) Ching; A. delavayi (Beddome ex C. B. Clarke & Baker) Ching; A. imbricata Ching; A. pseudocystopteris (Kunze) Copeland; A. yunnanensis (Christ) Copeland; Davallia athamantica Christ; D. beddomei C. Hope; D. chaerophylla Wallich ex Hooker; D. imbricata (Ching) X. C. Zhang; D. pseudocystopteris Kunze; D. pulchra var. delavayi Beddome ex C. B. Clarke & Baker; D. pulchra var. pseudocystopteris (Kunze) C. B. Clarke; D. rigidula Baker; D. yunnanensis Christ; Davallodes beddomei (C. Hope) M. Kato & Tsutsumi; D. imbricata (Ching) M. Kato & Tsutsumi; D. pseudocystopteris (Kunze) M. Kato & Tsutsumi; D. pulchra (D. Don) M. Kato & Tsutsumi; D. yunnanensis (Christ) M. Kato & Tsutsumi; Humata chaerophylla (Wallich ex Hooker) Mettenius; H. pulchra (D. Don) Diels; H. yunnanensis (Christ) Ching; Leucostegia delavayi (Beddome ex C. B. Clarke & Baker) Ching; L. pseudocystopteris (Kunze) Beddome; L. pulchra (D. Don) J. Smith; L. yunnanensis (Christ) C. Christensen.
Rhizome 2-6 mm in diam. (without scales), not white waxy. Scales brown (often grayish), without pale border, broad, ovate to oblong-subdeltoid with rounded to acute apex, appressed to rhizome, usually crisped, margins recurved, basifixed with cordate base and much overlapping lobes, 2-5 mm, without multiseptate hairs, lacking marginal setae or teeth or those rare. Stipe pale, adaxially grooved, 10-20 cm, glabrous or with few scales (sometimes with more scales); lamina compound, tripinnate or quadripinnate, deltoid and broadest toward base, to elongate, often narrowing toward base, 12-50 × 7-40 cm, glabrous, not or slightly dimorphic. Longest petiolules 3-20 mm; pinnae deltoid or linear-triangular; longest pinnae 5-21 × 3-12 cm; pinnules of at least larger pinnae anadromous, linear-oblong or narrowly ovate; longest pinnules 25-70 × 10-35 mm; ultimate pinnae linear-oblong, lobed almost to midrib (each lobe bilobed again); ultimate segments or lobes obtuse or acute without a tooth, 0.5-3 × 0.6-1 mm. Rachises and costae glabrous. Veins in sterile ultimate lobes frequently simple, not reaching margin; false veins not present. Sori separate, frequently single on a segment, at forking point of veins or at bending point of a vein; indusium reniform or semicircular, attached at narrow, cordate base only, wider than long, 0.5-0.8 × 0.5-1 mm.
Wet forests, epiphytic and epilithic on granite and limestone; 400-3500 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, N Thailand, Vietnam].
Although Araiostegia pulchra is rather variable, especially because in different habitats the size may differ greatly, it is always recognizable by the broad, appressed, usually crisped rhizome scales.After comparing the types of Davallia pulchra and D. yunnanensis, the current authors consider them to be conspecific because of their similarity.