赤箭莎Schoenus falcatus R. Br.
赤箭莎Schoenus falcatus R. Br.
2.赤箭莎 图版XXXVII, 1-12
Schoenus falcatus R. Br. Prodr. (1810) 232: Kunth, Enum. Pl. II (1837) 336; Henry, List Pl. Formos. (1896) 105; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot.XXXVI (1903) 261; Matsum. et Hayata, Enum. Pl. Formos. (1906) 492; E. -G. Camus in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine VII (1912) 150; Ohwi, Cyper. Jap. II (1944) 28——Cladium undulatum Henry, l. c. (1896) 150, non Thw. ——Schoe-nus sinensis Hand. -Mzt. in Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss, Wien Math. -Naturw. LXII ( 1925) 150, e isotypo, syn. nov.
疏丛生草本，具粗而长的须根。稈直立，圆柱状，通常高85厘米，直径1.2-4毫米，无毛，有槽，基部被有枯萎的叶鞘，叶鞘紫红色或黑血红色，后来黑色。叶基生和稈生，鞘长3-4厘米，基部宽5-10毫米，具多数肋条，无叶舌；叶片线形，宽1-5毫米，边缘粗糙，具7条脉，脉在背面隆起；稈生叶1-3片，远离，较短，具鞘；鞘红棕色，口偏斜，边缘膜质，由下而上渐短，下部的长约3.5厘米，上部的1.5-2.2厘米。苞片叶状，由下而上渐短小，具鞘，鞘棕色或棕红色；狭圆锥花序松散，具6-10个分枝，分枝花序通常1-3个从同一苞片的鞘中生出；小穗直立，扁，多少具小穗柄，披针形，长7-8毫米，棕色，具6-7片鳞片；鳞片二列，卵状披针形至卵形，边缘几白色，背面具黄绿色龙骨状突起，顶端细尖或具短尖或微凹，下部2-3片鳞片内无花，无花鳞片长为小穗的1/3;有花鳞片背面的龙骨状突起粗糙；下位刚毛3条，纤细，具短柔毛，最上面的花无下位刚毛；雄蕊3，花丝带状，花药栗棕色，线形，早落，药隔突出于花药顶端；花柱长几与鳞片相等，柱头3，被短柔毛。小坚果倒卵形，棕色，长1-1 1/3毫米，三稜形，无喙，表面有明显的网纹，顶端有白色糙伏毛。花果期5-7月。
产于贵州、广西、台湾；生长于沼泽地中，海拔约330米。分布于越南和日本琉球羣岛。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 23 (2010)
Schoenus falcatus R. Brown Prodr. 232. 1810.
赤箭莎 chi jian suo
Schoenus sinensis Handel-Mazzetti.
Perennials. Rhizomes short. Culms tufted, 60-100 cm tall, 2-5 mm thick, subterete, smooth. Leaves basal and cauline. Basal leaves with sheath dark purple to dark reddish purple, 3-4 cm; leaf blade linear, 1-5 mm wide, margin scabrous. Cauline leaves 1-3, remote, rather short; sheath reddish brown, mouth oblique. Involucral bracts leaflike; sheaths brown to reddish brown; basalmost bract with a blade subequaling inflorescence. Inflorescence a narrow lax panicle; branches 2-4-nate, occasionally single. Spikelets brown, narrowly ovoid, 7-14 × ca. 2.5 mm, erect, slightly flattened, shortly pedunculate, 3-8-flowered. Glumes brown with a pale margin, distichous, ovate-lanceolate to ovate, 5-7 mm, papery, glabrous except for scabrous keel, keel yellowish green, apex acute; basal 2 or 3 glumes sterile and smaller. Perianth bristles (0 or)1-3, ferruginous, antrorsely scabrous. Stamens 3; filaments slender; anthers linear, ca. 3 mm, caducous; connective apex appendage white, to 0.5 mm. Style 3-4 mm; stigmas 3, much shorter than style. Nutlet rusty brown, obovoid, 1-1.5 mm, 3-sided, reticulate, apex hirsute with white appressed hairs. Fl. and fr. May-Jul.
Swamps, wet places; ca. 400 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Taiwan [Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Thailand, Vietnam; N Australia, Pacific islands].
科名：莎草科 Cyperaceae
属名：赤箭莎属 Schoenus
2.赤箭莎 图版XXXVII, 1-12
Schoenus falcatus R. Br. Prodr. (1810) 232: Kunth, Enum. Pl. II (1837) 336; Henry, List Pl. Formos. (1896) 105; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot.XXXVI (1903) 261; Matsum. et Hayata, Enum. Pl. Formos. (1906) 492; E. -G. Camus in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine VII (1912) 150; Ohwi, Cyper. Jap. II (1944) 28——Cladium undulatum Henry, l. c. (1896) 150, non Thw. ——Schoe-nus sinensis Hand. -Mzt. in Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss, Wien Math. -Naturw. LXII ( 1925) 150, e isotypo, syn. nov.
疏丛生草本，具粗而长的须根。稈直立，圆柱状，通常高85厘米，直径1.2-4毫米，无毛，有槽，基部被有枯萎的叶鞘，叶鞘紫红色或黑血红色，后来黑色。叶基生和稈生，鞘长3-4厘米，基部宽5-10毫米，具多数肋条，无叶舌；叶片线形，宽1-5毫米，边缘粗糙，具7条脉，脉在背面隆起；稈生叶1-3片，远离，较短，具鞘；鞘红棕色，口偏斜，边缘膜质，由下而上渐短，下部的长约3.5厘米，上部的1.5-2.2厘米。苞片叶状，由下而上渐短小，具鞘，鞘棕色或棕红色；狭圆锥花序松散，具6-10个分枝，分枝花序通常1-3个从同一苞片的鞘中生出；小穗直立，扁，多少具小穗柄，披针形，长7-8毫米，棕色，具6-7片鳞片；鳞片二列，卵状披针形至卵形，边缘几白色，背面具黄绿色龙骨状突起，顶端细尖或具短尖或微凹，下部2-3片鳞片内无花，无花鳞片长为小穗的1/3;有花鳞片背面的龙骨状突起粗糙；下位刚毛3条，纤细，具短柔毛，最上面的花无下位刚毛；雄蕊3，花丝带状，花药栗棕色，线形，早落，药隔突出于花药顶端；花柱长几与鳞片相等，柱头3，被短柔毛。小坚果倒卵形，棕色，长1-1 1/3毫米，三稜形，无喙，表面有明显的网纹，顶端有白色糙伏毛。花果期5-7月。
产于贵州、广西、台湾；生长于沼泽地中，海拔约330米。分布于越南和日本琉球羣岛。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 23 (2010)
Schoenus falcatus R. Brown Prodr. 232. 1810.
赤箭莎 chi jian suo
Schoenus sinensis Handel-Mazzetti.
Perennials. Rhizomes short. Culms tufted, 60-100 cm tall, 2-5 mm thick, subterete, smooth. Leaves basal and cauline. Basal leaves with sheath dark purple to dark reddish purple, 3-4 cm; leaf blade linear, 1-5 mm wide, margin scabrous. Cauline leaves 1-3, remote, rather short; sheath reddish brown, mouth oblique. Involucral bracts leaflike; sheaths brown to reddish brown; basalmost bract with a blade subequaling inflorescence. Inflorescence a narrow lax panicle; branches 2-4-nate, occasionally single. Spikelets brown, narrowly ovoid, 7-14 × ca. 2.5 mm, erect, slightly flattened, shortly pedunculate, 3-8-flowered. Glumes brown with a pale margin, distichous, ovate-lanceolate to ovate, 5-7 mm, papery, glabrous except for scabrous keel, keel yellowish green, apex acute; basal 2 or 3 glumes sterile and smaller. Perianth bristles (0 or)1-3, ferruginous, antrorsely scabrous. Stamens 3; filaments slender; anthers linear, ca. 3 mm, caducous; connective apex appendage white, to 0.5 mm. Style 3-4 mm; stigmas 3, much shorter than style. Nutlet rusty brown, obovoid, 1-1.5 mm, 3-sided, reticulate, apex hirsute with white appressed hairs. Fl. and fr. May-Jul.
Swamps, wet places; ca. 400 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Taiwan [Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Thailand, Vietnam; N Australia, Pacific islands].