华刺子莞Rhynchospora chinensis Nees et Mey.
华刺子莞Rhynchospora chinensis Nees et Mey.
3.华刺子莞 图版XXXVI, 6-7
Rhynchospora chinensis Nees et Mey. in Wight, Contrib. (1834) 115, proparte; Ohwi, Cyper. Tap. II (1944) 18; E. -G. Camus in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-ChineVII (1912) 148——Rhynchospora laxa Benth. Fl. Hongk. (1861) 397, non R.Br. ——Rhynchospora glauca Vahl var. hinensis C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI (1893) 672 et in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. XXXVI (1903) 259——Rhyn-chospora longisetigera Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. VI (1916) 116.
根状茎极短。稈丛生，直立，纤细，高25-60厘米，罕达127厘米，三稜形，下部平滑，上部粗糙，基部具1-2个无叶片的鞘，鞘边缘膜质。叶基生和稈生，狭线形，长不超过花序，宽1.5-2.5毫米，向顶端渐狭，顶端渐尖，三稜形，边缘粗糙。苞片狭线形，叶状，下面的具鞘，最上的具短鞘或不具鞘；圆维花序由顶生和侧生繖房状长侧枝聚繖花序所组成，具多数小穗；小穗通常2-9个簇生成头状，披针形或卵状披针形，长约7毫米，褐色，基部稍钝，顶端急尖，具鳞片7-8片，有2-3朵两性花，仅最下面一朵结实；最下部2-3片鳞片中空无花，无花鳞片椭圆状卵形或卵形，较有花鳞片短小，有花鳞片2-3片，宽卵形或披针状椭圆形，校长而大，所有鳞片均有一条隆起的脉，顶端具短尖或急尖；最上的鳞片不发达，无花；下位刚毛6条，被顺刺；雄蕊3，花丝略长于小坚果和花柱基，花药线形，顶端药隔突出；子房倒卵形，花柱基部膨大，柱头2，较花柱短。小坚果宽椭圆状倒卵形，长3.7毫米，双凸状，栗色，表面具皱纹；宿存花柱基（喙）长于或等于小坚果，狭圆锥状，基部较小坚果狭，顶端稍细尖。花果期5-10月。
产于山东、江苏、安徽、江西、福建、台湾、广东、广西；生长在沼泽或潮湿的地方；海拔150-1400米。分布于马尔加什、锡兰、缅甸、印度、越南、印度尼西亚、日本等地。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 23 (2010)
Rhynchospora chinensis Nees & Meyen ex Nees Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 108. 1843.
华刺子莞 hua ci zi guan
Rhynchospora glauca Vahl var. chinensis (Nees & Meyen ex Nees) C. B. Clarke; R. japonica Makino; R. longisetigera Hayata.
Perennials. Rhizomes very short. Culms tufted, erect, 25-60(-125) cm tall, slender, 3-angled, rigid, basally clothed with 1 or 2 bladeless sheaths, apically scabrous. Leaves basal and cauline, shorter than inflorescence; sheath 5-9 cm; ligule rust-colored brown, short, membranous; leaf blade narrowly linear, 1.5-2.5 mm wide, margin scabrous, apex acuminate. Involucral bracts leaflike, longer than inflorescence, basal ones sheathing, apicalmost one shortly sheathing or sheathless. Inflorescences paniculate, consisting of 3-5 corymbiform anthelae, mostly binate, suberect; peduncle exserted, sublaxly bearing 2-9 clusters of spikelets. Spikelets brown, narrowly ovoid, 7-8 mm, 2-5-flowered, base ± obtuse, apex acute. Glumes 5-8, brown to yellowish brown, elliptic-ovate to lanceolate-elliptic; basal 2 or 3 glumes empty; apical glumes broadly ovate to lanceolate-elliptic, membranous, 1-costate, apex mucronate to acuminate. Perianth bristles 6, antrorsely scabrous. Stamens 3; filaments slightly longer than nutlet and style base; anthers linear. Ovary obovoid; style filiform, base dilated; stigmas 2, shorter than style. Nutlet dark reddish brown, broadly ellipsoid-obovoid, 2-3.7 mm, biconvex, finely transversely wrinkled with longitudinally oblong epidermal cell; persistent style base narrowly conic, slightly shorter than or equaling nutlet. Fl. and fr. May-Oct.
Swamps, moist places, wet grasslands; 100-1400 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong [Japan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Indian Ocean islands, Madagascar].
科名：莎草科 Cyperaceae
属名：刺子莞属 Rhynchospora
3.华刺子莞 图版XXXVI, 6-7
Rhynchospora chinensis Nees et Mey. in Wight, Contrib. (1834) 115, proparte; Ohwi, Cyper. Tap. II (1944) 18; E. -G. Camus in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-ChineVII (1912) 148——Rhynchospora laxa Benth. Fl. Hongk. (1861) 397, non R.Br. ——Rhynchospora glauca Vahl var. hinensis C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI (1893) 672 et in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. XXXVI (1903) 259——Rhyn-chospora longisetigera Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. VI (1916) 116.
根状茎极短。稈丛生，直立，纤细，高25-60厘米，罕达127厘米，三稜形，下部平滑，上部粗糙，基部具1-2个无叶片的鞘，鞘边缘膜质。叶基生和稈生，狭线形，长不超过花序，宽1.5-2.5毫米，向顶端渐狭，顶端渐尖，三稜形，边缘粗糙。苞片狭线形，叶状，下面的具鞘，最上的具短鞘或不具鞘；圆维花序由顶生和侧生繖房状长侧枝聚繖花序所组成，具多数小穗；小穗通常2-9个簇生成头状，披针形或卵状披针形，长约7毫米，褐色，基部稍钝，顶端急尖，具鳞片7-8片，有2-3朵两性花，仅最下面一朵结实；最下部2-3片鳞片中空无花，无花鳞片椭圆状卵形或卵形，较有花鳞片短小，有花鳞片2-3片，宽卵形或披针状椭圆形，校长而大，所有鳞片均有一条隆起的脉，顶端具短尖或急尖；最上的鳞片不发达，无花；下位刚毛6条，被顺刺；雄蕊3，花丝略长于小坚果和花柱基，花药线形，顶端药隔突出；子房倒卵形，花柱基部膨大，柱头2，较花柱短。小坚果宽椭圆状倒卵形，长3.7毫米，双凸状，栗色，表面具皱纹；宿存花柱基（喙）长于或等于小坚果，狭圆锥状，基部较小坚果狭，顶端稍细尖。花果期5-10月。
产于山东、江苏、安徽、江西、福建、台湾、广东、广西；生长在沼泽或潮湿的地方；海拔150-1400米。分布于马尔加什、锡兰、缅甸、印度、越南、印度尼西亚、日本等地。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 23 (2010)
Rhynchospora chinensis Nees & Meyen ex Nees Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 108. 1843.
华刺子莞 hua ci zi guan
Rhynchospora glauca Vahl var. chinensis (Nees & Meyen ex Nees) C. B. Clarke; R. japonica Makino; R. longisetigera Hayata.
Perennials. Rhizomes very short. Culms tufted, erect, 25-60(-125) cm tall, slender, 3-angled, rigid, basally clothed with 1 or 2 bladeless sheaths, apically scabrous. Leaves basal and cauline, shorter than inflorescence; sheath 5-9 cm; ligule rust-colored brown, short, membranous; leaf blade narrowly linear, 1.5-2.5 mm wide, margin scabrous, apex acuminate. Involucral bracts leaflike, longer than inflorescence, basal ones sheathing, apicalmost one shortly sheathing or sheathless. Inflorescences paniculate, consisting of 3-5 corymbiform anthelae, mostly binate, suberect; peduncle exserted, sublaxly bearing 2-9 clusters of spikelets. Spikelets brown, narrowly ovoid, 7-8 mm, 2-5-flowered, base ± obtuse, apex acute. Glumes 5-8, brown to yellowish brown, elliptic-ovate to lanceolate-elliptic; basal 2 or 3 glumes empty; apical glumes broadly ovate to lanceolate-elliptic, membranous, 1-costate, apex mucronate to acuminate. Perianth bristles 6, antrorsely scabrous. Stamens 3; filaments slightly longer than nutlet and style base; anthers linear. Ovary obovoid; style filiform, base dilated; stigmas 2, shorter than style. Nutlet dark reddish brown, broadly ellipsoid-obovoid, 2-3.7 mm, biconvex, finely transversely wrinkled with longitudinally oblong epidermal cell; persistent style base narrowly conic, slightly shorter than or equaling nutlet. Fl. and fr. May-Oct.
Swamps, moist places, wet grasslands; 100-1400 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong [Japan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Indian Ocean islands, Madagascar].