卵穗荸荠Heleocharis soloniensis (Dubois) Hara
卵穗荸荠Heleocharis soloniensis (Dubois) Hara
17.卵穗荸荠 图版XXII，1-4
Heleocharis soloniensis (Dubois) Hara in Journ. Japon. Bot. XIV (1938) 338; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. (1939) 120——Scirpus solomensis Dubois, Meth. Orlean. (1803) 295——Scirpus ovatus Roth, Text. Fl. Germ. III (1893) 562——Heleocharisovata (Roth) Roem. et Schult. , Syst. II (1817) 152; Kom. , Fl. Mansh. I in Act. Hort. Petrop. XX (1901) 349; Dunn in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. XXXIX (1911) 444.
无匍匐根状茎。稈多数，密丛生，瘦细，圆柱状，光滑，无毛，有不多的浑圆肋条，高4-50厘米。叶缺如，只在稈的基部有1-3个叶鞘；鞘的上部淡绿色或麦稈黄色，下部微红色，草质或纸质，不透明，管状，鞘口斜，顶端急尖并有短尖头，高5-30毫米。小穗卵形或宽卵形，顶端急尖，长4-8毫米，宽3-4毫米，锈色，密生多数花；在小穗基部有2片鳞片中空无花，最下的一片抱小穗基部近一周或达一周的3/4；其余鳞片全有花，松散地复瓦状排列，小，卵形、长圆状卵形或宽卵形，顶端急尖或钝，长1.5毫米，宽的0.5毫米，膜质，背部微绿色，有1条脉，两侧血红色，边缘狭，干膜质；下位刚毛6条，长为小坚果（连花柱基在内）的一倍半，有倒刺；柱头2。小坚果小，倒卵形，背面凸，腹面微凸，为不平衡的双凸状，长0.8毫米，阔约0.5毫米，初白玉色，后来淡棕色；花柱基为扁三角形，顶端渐尖，褐色，没有乳头状突起，不为海绵质，长约为小坚果的1/3，宽约为小坚果1/2。花果期8-12月。
产于云南和东北各省；生于沼泽中，海拔2500米。分布于欧洲北部、亚洲北部、北美洲，印度和日本。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 23 (2010)
Eleocharis ovata (Roth) Roemer & Schultes Syst. Veg. 2: 152. 1817.
卵穗荸荠 luan sui bi qi
Scirpus ovatus Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 2: 562. 1793; Eleocharis soloniensis (Dubois) H. Hara; S. soloniensis Dubois.
Annuals. Rhizomes and stolons absent. Culms densely tufted, 4-50 cm tall, slender, terete, smooth, with few longitudinal ribs. Leaf sheaths 1-3, basally slightly red and apically greenish to straw-colored, 0.5-3 cm, tubular, mouth obliquely truncate, apex acute to mucronate. Spikelet ovoid to broadly ovoid, 4-8 × 3-4 mm, densely many flowered, apex acute. Basal 2 glumes empty; basalmost glume amplexicaul for nearly 3/4 to all of spikelet base; fertile glumes greenish medially and blood-red on sides, laxly imbricate, ovate, oblong-ovate, or broadly ovate, ca. 1.5 × 0.5 mm, membranous, margin narrowly hyaline, apex acute to obtuse. Perianth bristles 6, ca. 1.5 × as long as nutlet (including style base), retrorsely spinulose. Stigmas 2. Nutlet at first white but turning brownish at maturity, obovoid, ca. 0.8 × 0.5 mm, conspicuously convex on dorsal side and slightly convex on ventral side, smooth; persistent style base deltoid, ca. 1/3 as long and ca. 1/2 as wide as nutlet, dorsiventrally compressed, not spongy, surface not mammillate, apex acuminate. Fl. and fr. Aug-Dec.
Marshy areas; 100-3600 m. Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Yunnan [Japan, Kazakhstan, Russia; Europe, North America].
科名：莎草科 Cyperaceae
属名：荸荠属 Heleocharis
17.卵穗荸荠 图版XXII，1-4
Heleocharis soloniensis (Dubois) Hara in Journ. Japon. Bot. XIV (1938) 338; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. (1939) 120——Scirpus solomensis Dubois, Meth. Orlean. (1803) 295——Scirpus ovatus Roth, Text. Fl. Germ. III (1893) 562——Heleocharisovata (Roth) Roem. et Schult. , Syst. II (1817) 152; Kom. , Fl. Mansh. I in Act. Hort. Petrop. XX (1901) 349; Dunn in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. XXXIX (1911) 444.
无匍匐根状茎。稈多数，密丛生，瘦细，圆柱状，光滑，无毛，有不多的浑圆肋条，高4-50厘米。叶缺如，只在稈的基部有1-3个叶鞘；鞘的上部淡绿色或麦稈黄色，下部微红色，草质或纸质，不透明，管状，鞘口斜，顶端急尖并有短尖头，高5-30毫米。小穗卵形或宽卵形，顶端急尖，长4-8毫米，宽3-4毫米，锈色，密生多数花；在小穗基部有2片鳞片中空无花，最下的一片抱小穗基部近一周或达一周的3/4；其余鳞片全有花，松散地复瓦状排列，小，卵形、长圆状卵形或宽卵形，顶端急尖或钝，长1.5毫米，宽的0.5毫米，膜质，背部微绿色，有1条脉，两侧血红色，边缘狭，干膜质；下位刚毛6条，长为小坚果（连花柱基在内）的一倍半，有倒刺；柱头2。小坚果小，倒卵形，背面凸，腹面微凸，为不平衡的双凸状，长0.8毫米，阔约0.5毫米，初白玉色，后来淡棕色；花柱基为扁三角形，顶端渐尖，褐色，没有乳头状突起，不为海绵质，长约为小坚果的1/3，宽约为小坚果1/2。花果期8-12月。
产于云南和东北各省；生于沼泽中，海拔2500米。分布于欧洲北部、亚洲北部、北美洲，印度和日本。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 23 (2010)
Eleocharis ovata (Roth) Roemer & Schultes Syst. Veg. 2: 152. 1817.
卵穗荸荠 luan sui bi qi
Scirpus ovatus Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 2: 562. 1793; Eleocharis soloniensis (Dubois) H. Hara; S. soloniensis Dubois.
Annuals. Rhizomes and stolons absent. Culms densely tufted, 4-50 cm tall, slender, terete, smooth, with few longitudinal ribs. Leaf sheaths 1-3, basally slightly red and apically greenish to straw-colored, 0.5-3 cm, tubular, mouth obliquely truncate, apex acute to mucronate. Spikelet ovoid to broadly ovoid, 4-8 × 3-4 mm, densely many flowered, apex acute. Basal 2 glumes empty; basalmost glume amplexicaul for nearly 3/4 to all of spikelet base; fertile glumes greenish medially and blood-red on sides, laxly imbricate, ovate, oblong-ovate, or broadly ovate, ca. 1.5 × 0.5 mm, membranous, margin narrowly hyaline, apex acute to obtuse. Perianth bristles 6, ca. 1.5 × as long as nutlet (including style base), retrorsely spinulose. Stigmas 2. Nutlet at first white but turning brownish at maturity, obovoid, ca. 0.8 × 0.5 mm, conspicuously convex on dorsal side and slightly convex on ventral side, smooth; persistent style base deltoid, ca. 1/3 as long and ca. 1/2 as wide as nutlet, dorsiventrally compressed, not spongy, surface not mammillate, apex acuminate. Fl. and fr. Aug-Dec.
Marshy areas; 100-3600 m. Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Yunnan [Japan, Kazakhstan, Russia; Europe, North America].