丝叶球柱草Bulbostylis densa (Wall.) Hand.-Mzt.
丝叶球柱草Bulbostylis densa (Wall.) Hand.-Mzt.
1. 丝叶球柱草 黄毛草(广东惠阳,广西桂林),细黄毛草(广东梅县)。图版XXIV,1-5
Bulbostylis densa (Wall.) Hand.-Mzt. in Karst. et Schenck. Vegetatb. XX-7 (1930) 16 ——Scirpus densus Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey I (1820) 231——Isolepis densa (Wall.) Schult. Syst. Veg. Mant. II (1824) 71; Nees in Wight,Contrib. Bot. Ind. (1834) 109——I. tenuissima D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 40——I. trifida Nees in Wight, l. c. (1834) 108; Kunth, Enum. Pl. II (1837) 231——Bulbostylis capillaris (Linn.) C. B. Clarke var. trifida (Nees) C. B. Clarkein Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI (1893) 652 et in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. XXXVI (1903) 248: Hayata, Fl. Mont. Formos. in Journ. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo, XXV (1908) 230; Hand. -Mzt. Simb. Sinic. VII (1936) 125O ——B. trifida (Nees) Kunth apud C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI (1893) 652, pro syn. etin Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. XXXVI (1903) 248; Nelmes in Kew Bull. (1950) 209.
一年生草本,无根状茎。稈丛生,细,无毛,高7-23厘米,有时达35厘米。叶纸质,线形,长5-10厘米,宽0.5毫米,有时长达13厘米,细而多,全缘,边缘微外捲,顶端渐尖,背面叶脉间疏被微柔毛;叶鞘薄膜质,仅顶端具长柔毛。苞片2-3枚,线形,很细,基部膜质,顶端渐尖,全缘,边缘微外捲,背面疏被微柔毛,长0.8-1.5厘米或较短;长侧枝聚繖花序简单或近复出,具1个稀为2-3个散生小穗;顶生小穗无柄,长圆状卵形或卵形,长3-6毫米,罕8-9毫米,宽1.5毫米,基部近圆形,顶端急尖,具7-17朵花或更多;鳞片膜质,卵形或近宽卵形,长1.5-2毫米,宽1-1.5毫米,褐色,基部圆形,顶端钝,罕近急尖,仅下部无花鳞片有时具芒状短尖,背面具龙骨状突起,具黄缘色脉1-3条,具缘毛;雄蕊2,花药长圆状卵形或卵形,基部近楔形,顶端急尖。小坚果倒卵形,三稜形,长0.8毫米,宽0.5-0.6毫米,成熟时为灰紫色,表面具排列整齐的透明小突起,顶端截形或微凹,具盘状的花柱基。花果期4-12月。
产于河北、山东、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、贵州、四川、云南等省区;由于适应性很强,有生长在海边、河边沙地的,也有生长在荒坡上、路边及松林下的;海拔100-3200米。本种分布甚广,从印度至美国均有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 23 (2010)
Bulbostylis densa (Wallich) Handel-Mazzetti Vegetationsbilder. 20(7): 16. 1930.
丝叶球柱草 si ye qiu zhu cao
Scirpus densus Wallich in Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 1: 231. 1820; Bulbostylis capillaris (Linnaeus) Kunth ex C. B. Clarke var. trifida (Kunth) C. B. Clarke; Isolepis densa (Wallich) Schultes; I. tenuissima D. Don; I. trifida Kunth.
Rhizomes absent. Culms tufted, 7-35 cm tall, slender, smooth. Leaf sheath pale, membranous, mouth long pilose; leaf blade filiform, 5-10(-13) × ca. 0.6 mm, papery, abaxially sparsely pilose, margin entire and slightly revolute, apex acuminate. Involucral bracts 2 or 3, setaceous to glumelike, 0.8-1.5 cm, much shorter than inflorescence, apex acuminate. Inflorescence a simple or subcompound anthela, with 4-7 spikelets; rays 3-5, 2-5 cm. Spikelets solitary or clustered, oblong-ovoid to ovoid, 3-6 × ca. 1.5 mm, 5-18-flowered, base rounded, apex acute. Glumes brown, ovate to broadly ovate, 1.5-2 × 1-1.5 mm, membranous, 1-3-veined, base rounded, margin ciliate, apex obtuse to rarely acute; empty glumes yellowish green, apex sometimes mucronate. Stamens 2; anthers oblong-ovoid to ovoid, base cuneate, apex acute. Style filiform; stigmas 3. Nutlet grayish purple at maturity, obovoid, ca. 0.8 × 0.5-0.6 mm, 3-sided, inconspicuously undulate-corrugate and puncticulate, apex contracted with a persistent depressed bulbous style base. Fl. and fr. Apr-Dec. 2n = 64.
Sandy wet places, waste slopes, trail margins, coniferous forests; 100-3200 m. Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, S Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, E Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kashmir, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Russia (Far East), Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical Africa, Australia, Pacific islands].
别名:线叶球柱草;黄毛草;绿叶球柱草;丝叶球柄草;丝叶球序草;丝叶球状草本;球柱草;绿叶球栓草;猫尾草;细黄毛草;丝状球柱草;山牛毛毡;牛毛毡;丝叶珠序草;
科名:莎草科 Cyperaceae
属名:球柱草属 Bulbostylis
《中国植物志》第11卷070页
1. 丝叶球柱草 黄毛草(广东惠阳,广西桂林),细黄毛草(广东梅县)。图版XXIV,1-5
Bulbostylis densa (Wall.) Hand.-Mzt. in Karst. et Schenck. Vegetatb. XX-7 (1930) 16 ——Scirpus densus Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey I (1820) 231——Isolepis densa (Wall.) Schult. Syst. Veg. Mant. II (1824) 71; Nees in Wight,Contrib. Bot. Ind. (1834) 109——I. tenuissima D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 40——I. trifida Nees in Wight, l. c. (1834) 108; Kunth, Enum. Pl. II (1837) 231——Bulbostylis capillaris (Linn.) C. B. Clarke var. trifida (Nees) C. B. Clarkein Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI (1893) 652 et in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. XXXVI (1903) 248: Hayata, Fl. Mont. Formos. in Journ. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo, XXV (1908) 230; Hand. -Mzt. Simb. Sinic. VII (1936) 125O ——B. trifida (Nees) Kunth apud C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. VI (1893) 652, pro syn. etin Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. XXXVI (1903) 248; Nelmes in Kew Bull. (1950) 209.
一年生草本,无根状茎。稈丛生,细,无毛,高7-23厘米,有时达35厘米。叶纸质,线形,长5-10厘米,宽0.5毫米,有时长达13厘米,细而多,全缘,边缘微外捲,顶端渐尖,背面叶脉间疏被微柔毛;叶鞘薄膜质,仅顶端具长柔毛。苞片2-3枚,线形,很细,基部膜质,顶端渐尖,全缘,边缘微外捲,背面疏被微柔毛,长0.8-1.5厘米或较短;长侧枝聚繖花序简单或近复出,具1个稀为2-3个散生小穗;顶生小穗无柄,长圆状卵形或卵形,长3-6毫米,罕8-9毫米,宽1.5毫米,基部近圆形,顶端急尖,具7-17朵花或更多;鳞片膜质,卵形或近宽卵形,长1.5-2毫米,宽1-1.5毫米,褐色,基部圆形,顶端钝,罕近急尖,仅下部无花鳞片有时具芒状短尖,背面具龙骨状突起,具黄缘色脉1-3条,具缘毛;雄蕊2,花药长圆状卵形或卵形,基部近楔形,顶端急尖。小坚果倒卵形,三稜形,长0.8毫米,宽0.5-0.6毫米,成熟时为灰紫色,表面具排列整齐的透明小突起,顶端截形或微凹,具盘状的花柱基。花果期4-12月。
产于河北、山东、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、贵州、四川、云南等省区;由于适应性很强,有生长在海边、河边沙地的,也有生长在荒坡上、路边及松林下的;海拔100-3200米。本种分布甚广,从印度至美国均有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 23 (2010)
Bulbostylis densa (Wallich) Handel-Mazzetti Vegetationsbilder. 20(7): 16. 1930.
丝叶球柱草 si ye qiu zhu cao
Scirpus densus Wallich in Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 1: 231. 1820; Bulbostylis capillaris (Linnaeus) Kunth ex C. B. Clarke var. trifida (Kunth) C. B. Clarke; Isolepis densa (Wallich) Schultes; I. tenuissima D. Don; I. trifida Kunth.
Rhizomes absent. Culms tufted, 7-35 cm tall, slender, smooth. Leaf sheath pale, membranous, mouth long pilose; leaf blade filiform, 5-10(-13) × ca. 0.6 mm, papery, abaxially sparsely pilose, margin entire and slightly revolute, apex acuminate. Involucral bracts 2 or 3, setaceous to glumelike, 0.8-1.5 cm, much shorter than inflorescence, apex acuminate. Inflorescence a simple or subcompound anthela, with 4-7 spikelets; rays 3-5, 2-5 cm. Spikelets solitary or clustered, oblong-ovoid to ovoid, 3-6 × ca. 1.5 mm, 5-18-flowered, base rounded, apex acute. Glumes brown, ovate to broadly ovate, 1.5-2 × 1-1.5 mm, membranous, 1-3-veined, base rounded, margin ciliate, apex obtuse to rarely acute; empty glumes yellowish green, apex sometimes mucronate. Stamens 2; anthers oblong-ovoid to ovoid, base cuneate, apex acute. Style filiform; stigmas 3. Nutlet grayish purple at maturity, obovoid, ca. 0.8 × 0.5-0.6 mm, 3-sided, inconspicuously undulate-corrugate and puncticulate, apex contracted with a persistent depressed bulbous style base. Fl. and fr. Apr-Dec. 2n = 64.
Sandy wet places, waste slopes, trail margins, coniferous forests; 100-3200 m. Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, S Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, E Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kashmir, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Russia (Far East), Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical Africa, Australia, Pacific islands].