葫芦Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.

别名：bottle gourd;大瓜;葫芦瓜;瓠;壶芦;瓠瓜;胡乐;甜葫芦;瓢壶芦;抽葫芦;扁蒲;凹颈瓜;葫芦子;夜开花;瓠子;白瓜;瓢瓜;蒲芦;蒲子;提水瓜;壶卢;小葫芦;匏瓜;卢瓢;胡鲁;嘎布得;陈壶;匏;

科名：葫芦科 Cucurbitaceae

属名：葫芦属 Lagenaria

《中国植物志》第73(1)卷216页
  1. 葫芦（四时类要）瓠
  Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago Bot. Ser. 3: 435. 1930; Keraudren in Aubreville et Leroy, Fl. Cambodge Laos Vietnam 15: 93. 1975; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 364, 图6142. 1975.——Cucurbita siceraria Molina, Sagg. Chile 133. 1782.——C. leucantha Duch. ex Lam., Encycl. 2: 150. 1786.——Lagenaria vulgaris Ser. in Mem. Soc. Phys. Geneve 3 (1): 16. t. 2. 1825; Cogn. u. Harms in Engl., Pflanzenr. 88 (IV. 275. 2): 201. 1924. ——L. leucantha Rusby in Mem. Torr. Bot. Cl. 6: 43. 1896; Chakr. in Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. 17 (1): 66. 1959. ——Cucumis mairei Levl., Cat. Pl. Yunnan 64. 1916. ——Lagenaria vulgaris Ser. subsp. asiatica Kobyakova in Trudy Prikladn. Bot. 23 (3): 487. 1930.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Lagenaria siceraria  (Molina) Standley Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 3: 435. 1930.
葫芦   hu lu
Cucurbita siceraria Molina, Sag. Stor. Nat. Chili, 133. 1782; Cucumis mairei H. Léveillé; Cucurbita lagenaria Linnaeus; C. leucantha Duchesne, nom. illeg. superfl.; Lagenaria leucantha Rusby; L. leucantha var. clavata Makino; L. leucantha var. depressa (Seringe) Makino; L. leucantha var. makinoi Nakai; L. leucantha var. microcarpa (Naudin) Nakai; L. microcarpa Naudin; L. siceraria var. depressa (Seringe) H. Hara; L. siceraria var. microcarpa (Naudin) H. Hara; L. vulgaris Seringe; L. vulgaris subsp. asiatica Kobjakova; L. vulgaris var. depressa Seringe; L. vulgaris var. microcarpa Matsumura & Nakai.
Plants annual. Stem and branches sulcate-angular, pubescent. Tendrils filiform, puberulent. Petiole 16-20 cm, with 2 glands at apex; leaf blade ovate-cordate or reniform-ovate, 10-35 × 10-35 cm, undivided or 3-5-lobed, both surfaces puberulent, palmately 5-7-veined, base cordate, margin irregularly dentate. Plants monoecious; flowers solitary. Male flowers: pedicels slender; calyx tube funnelform, ca. 2 cm; segments lanceolate, ca. 5 mm; corolla yellow; segments 3-4 × 2-3 cm; filaments 3-4 mm; anthers oblong, 8-10 mm. Female flowers: calyx segments and corolla as in male flowers; ovary densely pubescent; stigma enlarged, 2-lobed. Fruit various in size and shape, woody when mature. Seeds white, obovate or triangular, ca. 20 mm, apex truncate. Fl. summer, fr. autumn.
Commonly cultivated in China [cultivated in all warmer areas of the world].
The fruit is used as a vegetable when young; woody when mature, it is used as various vessels.The fruit is used as a vegetable when young; woody when mature, it is used as various vessels.

《全国中草药汇编》:葫芦

【拼音名】 Hú Lu
【别名】 葫芦壳、抽葫芦、壶芦、蒲芦
【来源】 葫芦科葫芦属植物葫芦Lagenaria sicararia （Molina） Standl.[L. leucantha Rusby; L. vulgaris Ser.]，以果皮及种子入药。立冬前后，摘下果实，剖开，掏出种子，分别晒干。
【炮制】 洗净，晒干，切碎用。
【性味】 甘，平。
【功能主治】 利尿，消肿，散结。用于水肿，腹水，颈淋巴结结核。
【用法用量】 0.5～1两。
【备注】 （1）用于面目浮肿、大腹水肿等症，常与猪苓、茯苓、泽泻等药同用。还可以治疗晚期血吸虫病形成腹水的病症。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》