鞘柄木Toricellia tiliifolia DC.
鞘柄木Toricellia tiliifolia DC.
1．鞘柄木（中国高等植物图鉴）叨里木（中国树木分类学），大接骨（拉汉种子植物称）图版13：1-7
Toricellia tiliifolia DC. Prodn. 4: 257. 1830; Seem. in Journ. Bot. 3：361. t. 41. 1865; C. B. Clarke f. in Hook. f. Brit. Ind. 2: 748 "tiliaefolia". 1879; Wanger. in Engl., Pflanzenreich, 41: IV. 229): 31. 1910; Rehd. in Sarg., Pl. Wils. 2: 569. 1916.——Sambucus? tiliaefolia Wall., Cat. 483. 1828, nomen nudum.
落叶小乔木，高3.5-12米；树皮灰黑色；小枝圆柱形，灰绿色，无毛，有不完全的环形叶痕，髓部宽，松软，白色。叶互生，纸质，椭圆状卵形至宽卵形，长10-15厘米，宽8-16.2厘米，上面绿色，下面淡绿色，先端突尖，基部浅心形，边缘的粗锯齿有须头，有时有波状棱角，掌状叶脉7-9条，在上面微凸，近于无毛，下面明显突出，疏生短柔毛，网脉在下面明显；叶柄淡绿色，无毛，有纵走的条纹，上部圆柱形，向下逐渐扩展成鞘，长4.5-8.5厘米。总状圆锥花序顶生，下垂，微被短柔毛，长12-22厘米；花小，雄花的花萼管短，有裂片5，先端钝尖，长约0.3毫米；花瓣5,长椭圆形，长约5毫米，白色，无毛，先端钩状内弯；雄蕊5，与花瓣互生，花丝短，无毛，长约0.5毫米，花药长方形，长1.5毫米；花盘平坦，近于圆形，中间有1-3个小形圆锥状的退化花柱；花梗短，圆柱形，长约2-2.5毫米，疏被短柔毛或近于无毛，有小苞片2枚，干膜质，披针形，长约1-2.5毫米；雌花的花萼裂片3-5，不整齐，三角形，锐尖；无毛瓣及雄蕊；花盘不显著；子房卵圆形，长约5毫米，无毛，花柱3-4裂，略粗壮，长3-4毫米，多数先端2裂。果实核果状，卵形，长5-6毫米，直径3毫米，无毛，花柱宿存，成熟时紫红色至灰黑色。花期11月至次年3月；果期3-4月。
产云南西部及西藏察隅地区。生于海拔1640-2600米的林缘或森林中。不丹、锡金、尼泊尔也有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 14 (2005)
Toricellia tiliifolia de Candolle
鞘柄木 qiao bing mu
Trees, deciduous, 3–12 m tall. Bark grayish black; old branches gray-green, glabrous. Leaves with petiole light green, 4.5–8.5 cm, glabrous; leaf blade 10–15 × 8–16.5 cm, papery, sparsely pubescent with soft trichomes, veins palmate, 7–9, conspicuous abaxially, base shallowly cordate, unlobed, margin serrate, apex acute. Inflorescences 12–22 cm, slightly pubescent. Staminate flowers: calyx tube shortly cylindrical, calyx lobes shortly triangular or sometimes not obvious; petals white, narrowly elliptic, ca. 5 mm, glabrous; stamens alternate petals; filaments ca. 0.5 mm, glabrous; anthers oblong, ca. 1.5 mm; disk flat, subcircular; pedicel 2–2.5 mm, sparsely pubescent or nearly glabrous, subtended by two bracteoles; bracteoles lanceolate, 1–2.5 mm. Carpellate flowers: calyx of carpellate flowers subovate, teeth of calyx triangular, acute; floral disk inconspicuous, flat; ovary ovoid, locules 3 or 4, glabrous. Fruit ovoid, 5–6 mm, ca. 3 mm in diam., glabrous. Fl. Nov–Mar, fr. Mar–Apr. 2n = 24.
Broad-leaved forests, forest margins, open slopes; 1600–2600 m. SE Xizang, W Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India (Darjiling), Nepal, Sikkim].
别名：大接骨;叨里木;大葫芦叶;大接骨丹;椴叶叨里木;接骨丹;象耳朵;烂泥巴树;椴叶烂泥树;椴叶鞘柄木;角叶鞘柄木;猴巴掌;椴叶叼里木;水冬瓜;
科名：山茱萸科 Cornaceae
属名：鞘柄木属 Toricellia
1．鞘柄木（中国高等植物图鉴）叨里木（中国树木分类学），大接骨（拉汉种子植物称）图版13：1-7
Toricellia tiliifolia DC. Prodn. 4: 257. 1830; Seem. in Journ. Bot. 3：361. t. 41. 1865; C. B. Clarke f. in Hook. f. Brit. Ind. 2: 748 "tiliaefolia". 1879; Wanger. in Engl., Pflanzenreich, 41: IV. 229): 31. 1910; Rehd. in Sarg., Pl. Wils. 2: 569. 1916.——Sambucus? tiliaefolia Wall., Cat. 483. 1828, nomen nudum.
落叶小乔木，高3.5-12米；树皮灰黑色；小枝圆柱形，灰绿色，无毛，有不完全的环形叶痕，髓部宽，松软，白色。叶互生，纸质，椭圆状卵形至宽卵形，长10-15厘米，宽8-16.2厘米，上面绿色，下面淡绿色，先端突尖，基部浅心形，边缘的粗锯齿有须头，有时有波状棱角，掌状叶脉7-9条，在上面微凸，近于无毛，下面明显突出，疏生短柔毛，网脉在下面明显；叶柄淡绿色，无毛，有纵走的条纹，上部圆柱形，向下逐渐扩展成鞘，长4.5-8.5厘米。总状圆锥花序顶生，下垂，微被短柔毛，长12-22厘米；花小，雄花的花萼管短，有裂片5，先端钝尖，长约0.3毫米；花瓣5,长椭圆形，长约5毫米，白色，无毛，先端钩状内弯；雄蕊5，与花瓣互生，花丝短，无毛，长约0.5毫米，花药长方形，长1.5毫米；花盘平坦，近于圆形，中间有1-3个小形圆锥状的退化花柱；花梗短，圆柱形，长约2-2.5毫米，疏被短柔毛或近于无毛，有小苞片2枚，干膜质，披针形，长约1-2.5毫米；雌花的花萼裂片3-5，不整齐，三角形，锐尖；无毛瓣及雄蕊；花盘不显著；子房卵圆形，长约5毫米，无毛，花柱3-4裂，略粗壮，长3-4毫米，多数先端2裂。果实核果状，卵形，长5-6毫米，直径3毫米，无毛，花柱宿存，成熟时紫红色至灰黑色。花期11月至次年3月；果期3-4月。
产云南西部及西藏察隅地区。生于海拔1640-2600米的林缘或森林中。不丹、锡金、尼泊尔也有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 14 (2005)
Toricellia tiliifolia de Candolle
鞘柄木 qiao bing mu
Trees, deciduous, 3–12 m tall. Bark grayish black; old branches gray-green, glabrous. Leaves with petiole light green, 4.5–8.5 cm, glabrous; leaf blade 10–15 × 8–16.5 cm, papery, sparsely pubescent with soft trichomes, veins palmate, 7–9, conspicuous abaxially, base shallowly cordate, unlobed, margin serrate, apex acute. Inflorescences 12–22 cm, slightly pubescent. Staminate flowers: calyx tube shortly cylindrical, calyx lobes shortly triangular or sometimes not obvious; petals white, narrowly elliptic, ca. 5 mm, glabrous; stamens alternate petals; filaments ca. 0.5 mm, glabrous; anthers oblong, ca. 1.5 mm; disk flat, subcircular; pedicel 2–2.5 mm, sparsely pubescent or nearly glabrous, subtended by two bracteoles; bracteoles lanceolate, 1–2.5 mm. Carpellate flowers: calyx of carpellate flowers subovate, teeth of calyx triangular, acute; floral disk inconspicuous, flat; ovary ovoid, locules 3 or 4, glabrous. Fruit ovoid, 5–6 mm, ca. 3 mm in diam., glabrous. Fl. Nov–Mar, fr. Mar–Apr. 2n = 24.
Broad-leaved forests, forest margins, open slopes; 1600–2600 m. SE Xizang, W Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India (Darjiling), Nepal, Sikkim].