青荚叶Helwingia japonica (Thunb.) Dietr.

别名：对节子;大叶上珠;大部参;吃亨;斑鸡石;大叶通草;阴证药;老汉背娃娃;西藏青荚叶;山苋菜;青杆子通草;青夹叶;通草花;青茄子;转竺;山豆根;青皮通草;舌泡草;树花菜;通草;大叶上花;三黄树;叶上果;通条花;转兰;中上果;叶长花;山泻叶;青荚木;叶上花;兴塔玛;叶上子;小通草;叶掌花;掌上珠;鸳鸯白;叶上珠;鱼泡通;玉伞花;叶生子;小通花;小录果;阴症药;小绿果;

科名：山茱萸科 Cornaceae

属名：青荚叶属 Helwingia

《中国植物志》第56卷021页
  1. 青荚叶（植物名实图考）　大叶通草（河南），叶上珠（四川）　图版7: 1-6
  Helwingia japonica (Thunb.) Dietr., Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gartn. Bot. 3: 680. 1817; DC. Prodr. 16: 680. 1868; Schneid., Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 434. 1909; Wanger. in Engl., Pflanzenreich, 41(IV. 229): 35. 1910; Rehd. in Sarg., Pl. Wils. 2: 570. 1916; Chien in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China 3: 70: 1927; Shirasawa in Journ. Arb. Arn. 8: 181. 1927; Hand.-Mazz. symb. Sin. 7: 685. 1933; Fang in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 1(2): 165. 1951; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 868. 1956; Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 1: 645. 1966 et Hara et Kuros. in Ohashi 1. c. 3: 396. 1975; 中国高等植物图鉴 2: 1110.图3949. 1972; 四川植物志 1: 375. 1981; Soong in Journ. Sichuan Univ., Nat. Sci. ed. 1: 72. 1982. ——Osyris japonica Thunb. Fl. Jap. 31. 1784 ——Helwingia rusciflora Willd. , Sp. Pl. 4: 716. 1805.
  本种主产中国及日本，共有2亚种5变种。我国产1亚种4变种。
形态特征：落叶灌木，高1-3米。嫩枝紫绿色。叶互生，革质或近革质，条状披针形或卵状披针形，长3.5-14.5厘米，宽1-3厘米，先端尾尖，边缘有疏齿，齿尖有腺体；托叶边缘有细锯齿。雌雄异侏；雄花6-12朵集成聚伞花序。生于叶上面中部的中脉上或生于嫩枝上。有雄蕊3-5枚，雌花无梗，1-3朵着生于叶上面中脉的中部，花瓣3-5，卵形，子房下位，2室，柱头3-5裂。核果黑色。花期4-5月，果期7-8月。
分    布：各地均有分布
生    境：山坡、巴东、咸丰、宣恩
繁殖方式：种子
习    性：荫生
药用部位：茎髓
药用功能：痢疾、疖毒、便血
药用主治：用于湿温、淋症、乳法不下、气闭耳聋等症状。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 14 (2005)
Helwingia japonica  (Thunberg) F. Dietrich
青荚叶   qing jia ye
Shrubs 1–2 m tall, deciduous; bark dark brown or grayish black, smooth; young branches green, glabrous, smooth, with conspicuous leaf scars. Leaf petiole 1–5(–6) cm; stipules threadlike, divided apically or rarely undivided; leaf blade abaxially light green, grayish white, or glaucous green, ovate, obovate-elliptic, ovate-rounded, rarely elliptic or ovate lanceolate, 3.5–9(–18) × 2–6(–8.5) cm, papery, glabrous, veins 5–7(or 8), conspicuous, raised abaxially, slightly impressed adaxially, base broadly cuneate or ± rounded, margin spiculate serrate to spiculate crenate, apex acuminate, rarely caudate-acuminate. Umbels between middle and lower 1/3 of midvein, rarely on upper part of young branches; staminate umbels 3–12(–18)-flowered; carpellate umbels 1–3-flowered. Flowers pedicellate. Petals light green, 1–5 mm. Carpellate flowers: style 3–5-divided. Fruit subglobose or ellipsoid, ca. 4–8 mm in diam., nearly sessile. Seeds 3–5, lobes 3–5. Fl. Apr–May, fr. Aug–Oct.
Forests, woods, thickets, valleys, slopes, streamsides, roadsides; 100–3400 m. Anhui, Fujian, SE Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Japan, S Korea, N Myanmar].
Helwingia rusciflora Hemsley (J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 341. 1888, not Willdenow, 1806) is based on a mixed collection, of which part is H. japonica var. japonica and part is var. hypoleuca.