树斑鸠菊Vernonia arborea Buch.-Ham.
树斑鸠菊Vernonia arborea Buch.-Ham.
2. 树斑鸠菊 图版3: 4-10
Vernonia arborea Buch. -Ham. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 14: 218. 1825; Hook. f., Fl. Briti Ind. 3: 239. 1881; Gagnep., Fl. Gen. Ind. -Chin. 3: 466. 1924; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 18: 250. 1937; Kitam. in Act. Geobot. Phytotax. 24: 13. 1969. ——Vernonia vaniotii Levl. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 12: 531. 1913, et Cat. Pl. Yun. -Nan. 56. 1916.
小乔木或灌木，高10-20米，枝被密黄褐色短绒毛或后多少脱毛，稀无毛。叶近革质，卵形，椭圆状卵形或长圆形，长8-25厘米，宽4-10厘米，顶端渐尖，基部钝圆或狭，全缘，侧脉8-12对，在下面明显突起，小脉网状，上面无毛，下面或沿脉被黄褐色短柔毛或无毛，有腺点；叶柄长1-3厘米，被密短柔毛。头状花序多数，在顶端或上部叶腋排列成宽复伞房状圆锥花序，具短花序梗；总苞小，杯状，长2-3毫米，总苞片约5层，卵形或卵状长圆形，长0.5-2毫米，顶端钝或稍尖，背面上部和边缘被密短柔毛，稀近无毛，外层极短，卵形。花托平，具小窝孔。花5-6个，淡紫色或白色，长于花盘，全部结实，花冠管状，长5-7毫米，裂片尖，被微毛，花柱分枝长。瘦果扁压，具3-4棱，具不明显的8-10肋，长2-3毫米，被短毛和腺体；冠毛污白色，1层或近2层，外层少数，短于1毫米，内层长5-7毫米。花果期8-11月。
产于云南东南部（屏边、西畴）、广西（南宁、那坡、上思）。印度、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡、越南、老挝、泰国、印度尼西亚及马来西亚也有分布。生于山谷、山坡或疏林中，海拔800-1200米。
形态特征：小乔木或灌木，高10一20米，枝被密黄褐色短绒毛或后多少脱毛，稀无毛。叶近革质，卵形，椭圆状卵形或长圆形，长8—25厘米，宽4—10厘米，顶端渐尖，基部钝圆或狭，全缘，侧脉8—12对，在下面明显突起，小脉网状，上面无毛，下面或沿脉被黄褐色短柔毛或无毛，有腺点；叶柄长1—3厘米，被密短柔毛。头状花序多数，在顶端或上部叶腋排列成宽复伞房状圆锥花序，具短花序梗；总苞小，杯状，长2—3毫米，总苞片约5层，卵形或卵状长圆形，长o．5—2毫米，顶端钝或稍尖，背面上邮和边缘被密短柔毛，稀近无毛，外层极短，卵形。花托平，具小窝孔。花5—6个，淡紫色或白色，长于花盘，全部结实，花冠管状，长5—7毫米，裂片尖，被微毛，花柱分枝长。瘦果扁压，具3—4棱，具不明显的8—10肋，长2—3毫米，被短毛和腺体；冠毛污白包，l层或近2层，外层少数，短于1毫米，内层长5—7毫米。花果期8一ll月。
产地分布：产于云南东南部(屏边、西畴)、广西(南宁、那坡、上思)。印度、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡、越南、老挝、泰国、印度尼西亚及马来西亚山有分布。生于山谷、山坡或疏林中，海拔800一1200米。
参考文献：VernoniaarboreaBuch．—Ham．InTrails。Linn．Soc．14：218．1325；Hook．F·，F1．Britilnd．3：239．1881；Gagnep·，Fl。Gén．Ind．·Chin．3：466．1924；Rehd．InJourn．Arn．Arb．18：250．1937；Kitam．InAct．Geobot．Phytotax．24：13．1969．—vernoniavaniotiiLév1．InFedde，Repert．Sp·Nov．12：531．1913，etCat．P1．Yun．·Nan．56．1916．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
1. Vernonia arborea Buchanan-Hamilton, Trans. Linn. Soc. London. 14: 218. 1824.
树斑鸠菊 shu ban jiu ju Eupatorium celebicum Blume; E. javanicum Blume; Gymnanthemum arboreum (Buchanan-Hamilton) H. Robinson; Strobocalyx arborea (Buchanan-Hamilton) Schultz Bipontinus; S. blumeana (Candolle) Schultz Bipontinus; S. celebica (Blume) Schultz Bipontinus; S. javanica (Blume) Schultz Bipontinus; Vernonia arborea var. javanica (Blume) C. B. Clarke; V. blumeana Candolle; V. celebica (Blume) Candolle; V. javanica (Blume) Candolle; V. urdanetensis Elmer; V. vaniotii H. Léveillé.
Trees or erect shrubs, to 20 m tall. Branches densely fulvous tomentulose or ± glabrescent, rarely glabrous. Petiole 10-30 mm, densely pubescent; leaf blade ovate, elliptic-ovate, or oblong, 8-25 × 4-10 cm, thinly leathery, abaxially white pubescent, densely so on veins, or glabrous, adaxially fulvous pubescent along veins or glabrous, glandular, lateral veins 8-12-paired, adaxially distinctly raised, veinlets reticulate, base obtusely rounded or attenuate, margin entire, apex acuminate. Synflorescences terminal, panicles broader than long, shallowly rounded to ± flat-topped. Capitula very many; peduncles to 10 mm, mostly much shorter, densely pubescent; bracteoles absent. Involucre cup-shaped, 2-3 × 6-8 mm; phyllaries ca. 5-seriate, ovate or ovate-oblong, 0.5-2 mm, densely pilose, rarely subglabrous, apex obtuse or subacute, outer very short, ovate. Receptacle flat, areolate. Florets 5 or 6; corolla pink, pale purplish, or white, tubular, 5-7 mm, lobes acute, glabrous. Style branches long. Achenes compressed, 2-3 mm, 3- or 4-angled and 8-10-ribbed, inconspicuously pilose and glandular. Pappus 1- or 2-seriate, dirty white; outer setae few, almost absent, ca. 1 mm; inner setae 5-7 mm. Fl. and fr. Aug-Nov.Open forests in valleys or on slopes; (100-)800-1200 m. Guangxi, SE Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
Many collections named as Vernonia arborea in European herbaria are V. bockiana.
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：斑鸠菊属 Vernonia
2. 树斑鸠菊 图版3: 4-10
Vernonia arborea Buch. -Ham. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 14: 218. 1825; Hook. f., Fl. Briti Ind. 3: 239. 1881; Gagnep., Fl. Gen. Ind. -Chin. 3: 466. 1924; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 18: 250. 1937; Kitam. in Act. Geobot. Phytotax. 24: 13. 1969. ——Vernonia vaniotii Levl. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 12: 531. 1913, et Cat. Pl. Yun. -Nan. 56. 1916.
小乔木或灌木，高10-20米，枝被密黄褐色短绒毛或后多少脱毛，稀无毛。叶近革质，卵形，椭圆状卵形或长圆形，长8-25厘米，宽4-10厘米，顶端渐尖，基部钝圆或狭，全缘，侧脉8-12对，在下面明显突起，小脉网状，上面无毛，下面或沿脉被黄褐色短柔毛或无毛，有腺点；叶柄长1-3厘米，被密短柔毛。头状花序多数，在顶端或上部叶腋排列成宽复伞房状圆锥花序，具短花序梗；总苞小，杯状，长2-3毫米，总苞片约5层，卵形或卵状长圆形，长0.5-2毫米，顶端钝或稍尖，背面上部和边缘被密短柔毛，稀近无毛，外层极短，卵形。花托平，具小窝孔。花5-6个，淡紫色或白色，长于花盘，全部结实，花冠管状，长5-7毫米，裂片尖，被微毛，花柱分枝长。瘦果扁压，具3-4棱，具不明显的8-10肋，长2-3毫米，被短毛和腺体；冠毛污白色，1层或近2层，外层少数，短于1毫米，内层长5-7毫米。花果期8-11月。
产于云南东南部（屏边、西畴）、广西（南宁、那坡、上思）。印度、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡、越南、老挝、泰国、印度尼西亚及马来西亚也有分布。生于山谷、山坡或疏林中，海拔800-1200米。
形态特征：小乔木或灌木，高10一20米，枝被密黄褐色短绒毛或后多少脱毛，稀无毛。叶近革质，卵形，椭圆状卵形或长圆形，长8—25厘米，宽4—10厘米，顶端渐尖，基部钝圆或狭，全缘，侧脉8—12对，在下面明显突起，小脉网状，上面无毛，下面或沿脉被黄褐色短柔毛或无毛，有腺点；叶柄长1—3厘米，被密短柔毛。头状花序多数，在顶端或上部叶腋排列成宽复伞房状圆锥花序，具短花序梗；总苞小，杯状，长2—3毫米，总苞片约5层，卵形或卵状长圆形，长o．5—2毫米，顶端钝或稍尖，背面上邮和边缘被密短柔毛，稀近无毛，外层极短，卵形。花托平，具小窝孔。花5—6个，淡紫色或白色，长于花盘，全部结实，花冠管状，长5—7毫米，裂片尖，被微毛，花柱分枝长。瘦果扁压，具3—4棱，具不明显的8—10肋，长2—3毫米，被短毛和腺体；冠毛污白包，l层或近2层，外层少数，短于1毫米，内层长5—7毫米。花果期8一ll月。
产地分布：产于云南东南部(屏边、西畴)、广西(南宁、那坡、上思)。印度、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡、越南、老挝、泰国、印度尼西亚及马来西亚山有分布。生于山谷、山坡或疏林中，海拔800一1200米。
参考文献：VernoniaarboreaBuch．—Ham．InTrails。Linn．Soc．14：218．1325；Hook．F·，F1．Britilnd．3：239．1881；Gagnep·，Fl。Gén．Ind．·Chin．3：466．1924；Rehd．InJourn．Arn．Arb．18：250．1937；Kitam．InAct．Geobot．Phytotax．24：13．1969．—vernoniavaniotiiLév1．InFedde，Repert．Sp·Nov．12：531．1913，etCat．P1．Yun．·Nan．56．1916．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
1. Vernonia arborea Buchanan-Hamilton, Trans. Linn. Soc. London. 14: 218. 1824.
树斑鸠菊 shu ban jiu ju Eupatorium celebicum Blume; E. javanicum Blume; Gymnanthemum arboreum (Buchanan-Hamilton) H. Robinson; Strobocalyx arborea (Buchanan-Hamilton) Schultz Bipontinus; S. blumeana (Candolle) Schultz Bipontinus; S. celebica (Blume) Schultz Bipontinus; S. javanica (Blume) Schultz Bipontinus; Vernonia arborea var. javanica (Blume) C. B. Clarke; V. blumeana Candolle; V. celebica (Blume) Candolle; V. javanica (Blume) Candolle; V. urdanetensis Elmer; V. vaniotii H. Léveillé.
Trees or erect shrubs, to 20 m tall. Branches densely fulvous tomentulose or ± glabrescent, rarely glabrous. Petiole 10-30 mm, densely pubescent; leaf blade ovate, elliptic-ovate, or oblong, 8-25 × 4-10 cm, thinly leathery, abaxially white pubescent, densely so on veins, or glabrous, adaxially fulvous pubescent along veins or glabrous, glandular, lateral veins 8-12-paired, adaxially distinctly raised, veinlets reticulate, base obtusely rounded or attenuate, margin entire, apex acuminate. Synflorescences terminal, panicles broader than long, shallowly rounded to ± flat-topped. Capitula very many; peduncles to 10 mm, mostly much shorter, densely pubescent; bracteoles absent. Involucre cup-shaped, 2-3 × 6-8 mm; phyllaries ca. 5-seriate, ovate or ovate-oblong, 0.5-2 mm, densely pilose, rarely subglabrous, apex obtuse or subacute, outer very short, ovate. Receptacle flat, areolate. Florets 5 or 6; corolla pink, pale purplish, or white, tubular, 5-7 mm, lobes acute, glabrous. Style branches long. Achenes compressed, 2-3 mm, 3- or 4-angled and 8-10-ribbed, inconspicuously pilose and glandular. Pappus 1- or 2-seriate, dirty white; outer setae few, almost absent, ca. 1 mm; inner setae 5-7 mm. Fl. and fr. Aug-Nov.Open forests in valleys or on slopes; (100-)800-1200 m. Guangxi, SE Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
Many collections named as Vernonia arborea in European herbaria are V. bockiana.