白缘蒲公英Taraxacum platypecidum Diels
白缘蒲公英Taraxacum platypecidum Diels
32. 白缘蒲公英（东北植物检索表） 热河蒲公英，山蒲公英，河北蒲公英 图版8: 8-11
Taraxacum platypecidum Diels in Fedde, Repert. Beih. 12: 515. 1922; Dahlst. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 2: 146. t. 1, f. 1-3. 1926; Chen in Bull. Fan Mern. Inst. Biol. Bot. 5: 101. 1934; Ling in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peip. 3: 201. 1935; Ohwi, Fl. Japan 1237. 1953; 东北植物检索表 442. 1959; Schischk. Fl. URSS, 29: 442. 1964; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 22: 658. 1969; 内蒙古植物志 6: 291. 图版117. 图4. 1972; 中国高等植物图鉴 4: 679. 图6771. 1975; Kitag. Neo-Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 686. 1979; 黄土高原植物志 5: 484. 图版89. 图5-9. 1989; 辽宁植物志 (下册) 631. 图版281: 7-9. 1992; 太原植物志 2: 712. 图版398. 1992. ——T. albo-marginatum Kitam. in Act. Phytotax. Geobot. 4: 103. 1935.
形态特征：白缘蒲公英(原变种)var．Platypecidum多年生草本。根颈部有黑褐色残存叶柄。叶宽倒披针形或披针状倒披针形，长10—30厘米，宽2—4厘米，羽状分裂，每侧裂片5—8片，裂片三角形，全缘或有疏齿，侧裂片较大，三角形，疏被蛛丝状柔毛或几无毛。花葶1至数个，高达45厘米，上部密被白色蛛丝状绵毛；头状花序大型，直径约40--45毫米；总苞宽钟状，长15—17毫米，总苞片3—4层，先端有或无小角；外层总苞片宽卵形，中央有暗绿色宽带，边缘为宽白色膜质，上端粉红色，被疏睫毛，内层总苞片长圆状线形或线状披针形，长约为外层总苞片的2倍；舌状花黄色，边缘花舌片背面有紫红色条纹，花柱和柱头暗绿色，干时多少黑色。瘦果淡褐色，长约4毫米，宽1—1．4毫米，上部有刺状小瘤，顶端突然缢缩为圆锥至圆柱形的喙基，喙基长约1毫米，喙纤细，长8—12毫米；冠毛白色，长7—10毫米。花果期3—6月。
用 途：全草供药用，功效同蒲公英。
产地分布：产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北、山西、陕西、河南、湖北、四川等省区；生于海拔1900—3400米山坡草地或路旁。朝鲜、俄罗斯、日本也有分布。模式标本采于北京郊区百花山。
参考文献：Taraxacum platypecidum Diels in Fedde，Repert，Beih．12：515．1922；Dahlst．In Act，Hort．Gothob．2：146．T．1，f·1——3．1926；Chen in Bull．Fan Mere．Inst．Bi01． Bot，5：101．1934；LinginContr．Inst．Bot．Nat，Acad．Peip．3：201．1935；Ohwi， F1．Japan 1237。1953；东北植物检索表442．1959；Schischk．F1．URSS，29：442． 1964；S．Y．HuinQuart．Journ．TaiwanMus．22：658．1969；内蒙古植物志6：291． 图版117．图4．1972；中国高等植物图鉴4：679．图6771．1975；Kitag．Neo-Lineam． F1．Mansh．686．1979；黄土高原植物志5：484．图版89．图5—9．1989；辽宁植物志 (下册)631．图版281：7—9．1992；太原植物志2：712．图版398．1992．——T．Al- bo-marginatum Kitarn．inAct．Phytotax．Geobot，4：103．1935．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
22. Taraxacum platypecidum Diels, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 12: 515. 1922.
白缘蒲公英 bai yuan pu gong ying Taraxacum licentii Soest.
Herbs 12-40 cm tall, robust. Petiole narrow; leaf blade deep green, narrowly oblanceolate, (6-)10-18 × 2-4 cm, arachnoid, margin subentire, dentate, shallowly lobed, or rarely to deeply pinnatisect; lateral lobes 3-5, broadly triangular, recurved; interlobes (when developed) with margin entire. Scapes brownish green, overtopping leaves, white arachnoid but whitish to brownish tomentose below capitulum. Capitulum 4-5 cm wide. Involucre 1-1.3 cm wide, base ± rounded. Outer phyllaries 14-19, subimbricate, ovate-lanceolate to ovate, 8-15 × (2.5-)3-4.5(-6) mm, appressed to loosely so, not distinctly veined, median part blackish green, with a whitish green to whitish 1-2 mm wide border, margin conspicuously densely whitish ciliate and blackish callose below apex (sometimes surface arachnoid in upper ca. 1/3); inner phyllaries 1.5-1.7 cm. Ligules yellow; outer ligules outside striped faintly purplish gray. Stigmas blackish to dark green. Anthers without pollen or polliniferous; pollen grains irregular in size. Achene grayish brown to light brown, (4.5-)5.5 × 1.5-2 mm; body spinulose-squamulose in upper ca. 1/3, tuberculate below, ± abruptly narrowing into a thick subcylindric 1.2-1.4 mm cone; beak ca. 9.5 mm. Pappus yellowish dirty white, 7-9 mm. Fl. summer. Agamosperm.● Subalpine meadow slopes; 1900-3000 m. Gansu, Hebei, Shanxi.
The report of Taraxacum platypecidum for a number of additional provinces and for Korea and Japan (FRPS 80(2): 43 1999; Higher Pl. China 11: 778. 2005) is probably incorrect. However, although not yet seen by the authors among the specimens studied, the species should be looked for in the mountainous provinces adjacent to Hebei and Shanxi.
别名：白膜蒲公英;黄花浪;河北蒲公英;蒲公英;热河蒲公英;山蒲公英;白喙蒲公英;高山蒲公英;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：蒲公英属 Taraxacum
32. 白缘蒲公英（东北植物检索表） 热河蒲公英，山蒲公英，河北蒲公英 图版8: 8-11
Taraxacum platypecidum Diels in Fedde, Repert. Beih. 12: 515. 1922; Dahlst. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 2: 146. t. 1, f. 1-3. 1926; Chen in Bull. Fan Mern. Inst. Biol. Bot. 5: 101. 1934; Ling in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peip. 3: 201. 1935; Ohwi, Fl. Japan 1237. 1953; 东北植物检索表 442. 1959; Schischk. Fl. URSS, 29: 442. 1964; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 22: 658. 1969; 内蒙古植物志 6: 291. 图版117. 图4. 1972; 中国高等植物图鉴 4: 679. 图6771. 1975; Kitag. Neo-Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 686. 1979; 黄土高原植物志 5: 484. 图版89. 图5-9. 1989; 辽宁植物志 (下册) 631. 图版281: 7-9. 1992; 太原植物志 2: 712. 图版398. 1992. ——T. albo-marginatum Kitam. in Act. Phytotax. Geobot. 4: 103. 1935.
形态特征：白缘蒲公英(原变种)var．Platypecidum多年生草本。根颈部有黑褐色残存叶柄。叶宽倒披针形或披针状倒披针形，长10—30厘米，宽2—4厘米，羽状分裂，每侧裂片5—8片，裂片三角形，全缘或有疏齿，侧裂片较大，三角形，疏被蛛丝状柔毛或几无毛。花葶1至数个，高达45厘米，上部密被白色蛛丝状绵毛；头状花序大型，直径约40--45毫米；总苞宽钟状，长15—17毫米，总苞片3—4层，先端有或无小角；外层总苞片宽卵形，中央有暗绿色宽带，边缘为宽白色膜质，上端粉红色，被疏睫毛，内层总苞片长圆状线形或线状披针形，长约为外层总苞片的2倍；舌状花黄色，边缘花舌片背面有紫红色条纹，花柱和柱头暗绿色，干时多少黑色。瘦果淡褐色，长约4毫米，宽1—1．4毫米，上部有刺状小瘤，顶端突然缢缩为圆锥至圆柱形的喙基，喙基长约1毫米，喙纤细，长8—12毫米；冠毛白色，长7—10毫米。花果期3—6月。
用 途：全草供药用，功效同蒲公英。
产地分布：产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北、山西、陕西、河南、湖北、四川等省区；生于海拔1900—3400米山坡草地或路旁。朝鲜、俄罗斯、日本也有分布。模式标本采于北京郊区百花山。
参考文献：Taraxacum platypecidum Diels in Fedde，Repert，Beih．12：515．1922；Dahlst．In Act，Hort．Gothob．2：146．T．1，f·1——3．1926；Chen in Bull．Fan Mere．Inst．Bi01． Bot，5：101．1934；LinginContr．Inst．Bot．Nat，Acad．Peip．3：201．1935；Ohwi， F1．Japan 1237。1953；东北植物检索表442．1959；Schischk．F1．URSS，29：442． 1964；S．Y．HuinQuart．Journ．TaiwanMus．22：658．1969；内蒙古植物志6：291． 图版117．图4．1972；中国高等植物图鉴4：679．图6771．1975；Kitag．Neo-Lineam． F1．Mansh．686．1979；黄土高原植物志5：484．图版89．图5—9．1989；辽宁植物志 (下册)631．图版281：7—9．1992；太原植物志2：712．图版398．1992．——T．Al- bo-marginatum Kitarn．inAct．Phytotax．Geobot，4：103．1935．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
22. Taraxacum platypecidum Diels, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 12: 515. 1922.
白缘蒲公英 bai yuan pu gong ying Taraxacum licentii Soest.
Herbs 12-40 cm tall, robust. Petiole narrow; leaf blade deep green, narrowly oblanceolate, (6-)10-18 × 2-4 cm, arachnoid, margin subentire, dentate, shallowly lobed, or rarely to deeply pinnatisect; lateral lobes 3-5, broadly triangular, recurved; interlobes (when developed) with margin entire. Scapes brownish green, overtopping leaves, white arachnoid but whitish to brownish tomentose below capitulum. Capitulum 4-5 cm wide. Involucre 1-1.3 cm wide, base ± rounded. Outer phyllaries 14-19, subimbricate, ovate-lanceolate to ovate, 8-15 × (2.5-)3-4.5(-6) mm, appressed to loosely so, not distinctly veined, median part blackish green, with a whitish green to whitish 1-2 mm wide border, margin conspicuously densely whitish ciliate and blackish callose below apex (sometimes surface arachnoid in upper ca. 1/3); inner phyllaries 1.5-1.7 cm. Ligules yellow; outer ligules outside striped faintly purplish gray. Stigmas blackish to dark green. Anthers without pollen or polliniferous; pollen grains irregular in size. Achene grayish brown to light brown, (4.5-)5.5 × 1.5-2 mm; body spinulose-squamulose in upper ca. 1/3, tuberculate below, ± abruptly narrowing into a thick subcylindric 1.2-1.4 mm cone; beak ca. 9.5 mm. Pappus yellowish dirty white, 7-9 mm. Fl. summer. Agamosperm.● Subalpine meadow slopes; 1900-3000 m. Gansu, Hebei, Shanxi.
The report of Taraxacum platypecidum for a number of additional provinces and for Korea and Japan (FRPS 80(2): 43 1999; Higher Pl. China 11: 778. 2005) is probably incorrect. However, although not yet seen by the authors among the specimens studied, the species should be looked for in the mountainous provinces adjacent to Hebei and Shanxi.